{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T13:14:06Z","timestamp":1774876446309,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009169","name":"Assiut University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009169","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Med Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hepatocyte death and a systemic inflammatory response are the outcome of a complex chain of events mediated by numerous inflammatory cells and chemical mediators. The point of this study was to find out if tadalafil and\/or Lepidium sativum (<jats:italic>L. sativum<\/jats:italic>) could help people who have been exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCL<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) and are experiencing acute moderate liver failure. This was especially true when the two were used together.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method and materials<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To cause mild liver failure 24\u00a0h before sacrifice, a single oral dosage of CCL<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (2.5 mL\/kg b.w.) (50% in olive oil) was utilized. Furthermore, immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB) as well as histological abnormalities were performed on liver tissue.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results showed that tadalafil and\/or <jats:italic>L. sativum<\/jats:italic>, especially in combination, performed well to cure acute mild liver failure caused by CCL<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. This was demonstrated by a decrease in NF-\u03baB expression in the liver tissue and an improvement in organ damage markers observed in the blood and liver tissues. Furthermore, such therapy reduced interleukin1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) levels in the liver tissue. It\u2019s worth noting that the tested combination resulted in greater liver improvement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>According to the findings, tadalafil and <jats:italic>L. sativum<\/jats:italic>, particularly in combination, have the ability to protect the liver from the negative effects of CCL<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> exposure. Because of its capacity to improve liver function, restore redox equilibrium, and decrease inflammatory mediators, it is a prospective option for mitigating the negative effects of common environmental pollutants such as CCL<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T14:02:14Z","timestamp":1709042534000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Novel drug therapy of acute hepatic failure induced in rats by a combination of tadalafil and Lepidium sativum"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud S.","family":"Sabra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled M. Ahmed","family":"Hassanein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A. N.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalia","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebtsam S.","family":"Abdel-lah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4406_CR1","first-page":"665","volume":"90","author":"JR Klune","year":"2010","unstructured":"Klune JR, Tsung A. Molecular biology of liver ischemia\/reperfusion injury: established mechanisms and recent advancements. Surg Clin. 2010;90(4):665\u201377.","journal-title":"Surg Clin"},{"key":"4406_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ribeiro EA, Poli-de-Figueiredo LF, Vincenzi R, Galvao FH, Margarido N, Rocha-e-Silva M et al. Intraportal versus systemic pentoxifylline infusion after normothermic liver ischemia: effects on regional blood flow redistribution and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. HPB Surgery. 2013;2013.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/689835"},{"issue":"6","key":"4406_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00175","volume":"205","author":"N Brautbar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brautbar N, Williams IIJ. Industrial solvents and liver toxicity: risk assessment, risk factors and mechanisms. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2002;205(6):479\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500701569398","volume":"25","author":"MK Manibusan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Manibusan MK, Odin M, Eastmond DA. Postulated carbon tetrachloride mode of action: a review. J Environ Sci Health Part C. 2007;25(3):185\u2013209.","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health Part C"},{"issue":"12","key":"4406_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(11)60227-7","volume":"4","author":"RK Gupta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gupta RK, Hussain T, Panigrahi G, Das A, Singh GN, Sweety K, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of Solanum Xanthocarpum fruit extract against CCl4 induced acute liver toxicity in experimental animals. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):964\u20138.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1515\/tjb-2016-0029","volume":"41","author":"S Bilgi\u00e7","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bilgi\u00e7 S, \u00d6zerol E, Iraz M, \u015eahin N, Tanbek K, \u00c7\u0131\u011fl\u0131 A. Carbontetrachloride induced acute liver damage and protective effect of n-acetylcysteine on rats with regenerated and non-regenerated liver\/Karaci\u011feri rejenere olan ve olmayan s\u0131\u00e7anlarda, karbontetraklor\u00fcrle ind\u00fcklenen akut karaci\u011fer hasar\u0131 ve n-asetilsisteinin koruyucu etkisi. Turkish J Biochem. 2016;41(3):189\u201397.","journal-title":"Turkish J Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-022-00893-y","volume":"46","author":"O Emmanuel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Emmanuel O, Elekwa I, Paul-Joseph C, Ude VC, Egedeuzu OG, Ijioma SN, et al. Protective effects of coconut water against the intraperitoneal infused carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity\u2014evaluations of biochemical, haematological and histopathological profiles in rats. Bull Natl Res Centre. 2022;46(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Bull Natl Res Centre"},{"issue":"6","key":"4406_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2019.43804","volume":"76","author":"EL Sayed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sayed EL, Morsy HE, Abo Emara LE, Galhom TM. Effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on liver in adult albino rats: histological study. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2019;76(6):4254\u201361.","journal-title":"Egypt J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"4406_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21845","volume":"15","author":"F Liu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liu F, Liu ZD, Wu N, Cong X, Fei R, Chen HS, et al. Transplanted endothelial progenitor cells ameliorate carbon tetrachloride\u2013induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Liver Transpl. 2009;15(9):1092\u2013100.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9163","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27427-9","volume":"8","author":"JI Fortea","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fortea JI, Fern\u00e1ndez-Mena C, Puerto M, Ripoll C, Almagro J, Ba\u00f1ares J, et al. Comparison of two protocols of carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis in rats\u2013improving yield and reproducibility. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):9163.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.24.2.1599","volume":"24","author":"A De Passill\u00e9","year":"2005","unstructured":"De Passill\u00e9 A, Rushen J. Food safety and environmental issues in animal welfare. Revue Scientifique et technique-Office Int des \u00e9pizooties. 2005;24(2):757.","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et technique-Office Int des \u00e9pizooties"},{"key":"4406_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2015.00016","volume":"2","author":"JN Marchant-Forde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marchant-Forde JN. The science of animal behavior and welfare: challenges, opportunities, and global perspective. Front Veterinary Sci. 2015;2:16.","journal-title":"Front Veterinary Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3901208","volume":"16","author":"E Bischoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bischoff E. Potency, selectivity, and consequences of nonselectivity of PDE inhibition. Int J Impot Res. 2004;16(1):11\u2013S4.","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"4406_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pantziarka P, Sukhatme V, Crispino S, Bouche G, Meheus L, Sukhatme VP. Repurposing drugs in oncology (ReDO)\u2014selective PDE5 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. Ecancermedicalscience. 2018;12.","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2018.824"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i3.438","volume":"24","author":"P Deibert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deibert P, Lazaro A, Stankovic Z, Schaffner D, R\u00f6ssle M, Kreisel W. Beneficial long term effect of a phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor in cirrhotic portal hypertension: a case report with 8 years follow-up. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(3):438.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4406_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-020-03710-0","volume":"468","author":"S Koka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koka S, Xi L, Kukreja RC. Chronic inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 with tadalafil affords cardioprotection in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome: role of nitric oxide. Mol Cell Biochem. 2020;468:47\u201358.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"4406_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen X, Chen F, Wang F, Huang P, Luo W. The effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of tadalafil in rats. BioMed Research International. 2020;2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1631735"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-022-00747-3","volume":"27","author":"MM Hamdy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hamdy MM, Abdel-Rahman MS, Badary DM, Sabra MS. Effects of furosemide and tadalafil in both conventional and nanoforms against adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats. Eur J Med Res. 2022;27(1):1\u201317.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"4406_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117960","volume":"256","author":"AA Sedky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sedky AA, Magdy Y. Tadalafil versus linaclotide in gastrointestinal dysfunction and depressive behavior in constipation\u2013predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Life Sci. 2020;256:117960.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"4406_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13530","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.13530","volume":"74","author":"I Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh I, Tk A, Gupta S. Efficacy and safety of tadalafil vs tamsulosin in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as a result of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)\u2014open label randomised controlled study. Int J Clin Pract. 2020;74(8):e13530.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"4406_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.113818","volume":"176","author":"E Zuccarello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zuccarello E, Acquarone E, Calcagno E, Argyrousi EK, Deng S-X, Landry DW, et al. Development of novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for the therapy of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020;176:113818.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4406_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2018-0338","volume":"96","author":"HM Mansour","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mansour HM, Salama AA, Abdel-Salam RM, Ahmed NA, Yassen NN, Zaki HF. The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of tadalafil in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018;96(12):1308\u201317.","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4406_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2016.05.005","volume":"32","author":"S Bektas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bektas S, Karakaya K, Can M, Bahadir B, Guven B, Erdogan N, et al. The effects of tadalafil and pentoxifylline on apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase in liver ischemia\/reperfusion injury. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2016;32(7):339\u201347.","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"4406_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-040122-034745","volume":"63","author":"A Samidurai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Samidurai A, Xi L, Das A, Kukreja RC. Beyond erectile dysfunction: cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for other clinical disorders. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023;63:585\u2013615.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010382","volume":"22","author":"A Broermann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Broermann A, Schmid R, Gabrielyan O, Sakowski M, Eisele C, Keller S, et al. Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers to monitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor induced anti-fibrotic effects on CCl4 treated rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;22(1):382.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"4406_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr304","volume":"33","author":"U F\u00f6rstermann","year":"2012","unstructured":"F\u00f6rstermann U, Sessa WC. Nitric oxide synthases: regulation and function. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(7):829\u201337.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13272","volume":"125","author":"AK Toxvig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Toxvig AK, Wehland M, Grimm D, Infanger M, Kr\u00fcger M. A focus on riociguat in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2019;125(3):202\u201314.","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4406_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-8603(02)00124-6","volume":"7","author":"D Vernet","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vernet D, Ferrini MG, Valente EG, Magee TR, Bou-Gharios G, Rajfer J, et al. Effect of nitric oxide on the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in the Peyronie\u2019s fibrotic plaque and in its rat model. Nitric Oxide. 2002;7(4):262\u201376.","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.09.025","volume":"138","author":"M-J Mukazayire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mukazayire M-J, Minani V, Ruffo CK, Bizuru E, St\u00e9vigny C, Duez P. Traditional phytotherapy remedies used in Southern Rwanda for the treatment of liver diseases. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;138(2):415\u201331.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phanu.2013.11.043","volume":"2","author":"P Bigoniya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bigoniya P, Shukla A. Phytopharmacological screening of Lepidium sativum seeds total alkaloid: Hepatoprotective, antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant activity along with identification by LC\/MS\/MS. PharmaNutrition. 2014;2(3):90.","journal-title":"PharmaNutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1035795","volume":"54","author":"ES Al-Sheddi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Al-Sheddi ES, Farshori NN, Al-Oqail MM, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA, Siddiqui MA. Protective effect of Lepidium sativum seed extract against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human liver cells (HepG2). Pharm Biol. 2016;54(2):314\u201321.","journal-title":"Pharm Biol"},{"key":"4406_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(14)60268-6","volume":"7","author":"J del Valle Mendoza","year":"2014","unstructured":"del Valle Mendoza J, Pumarola T, Gonzales LA, Del Valle LJ. Antiviral activity of maca (Lepidium meyenii) against human influenza virus. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2014;7:415\u2013S20.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Med"},{"key":"4406_CR33","unstructured":"Yadav YC, Srivastav D, Seth A, Saini V, Balaraman R, Ghelani TK. In vivo antioxidant potential of Lepidium sativum L. seeds in albino rats using cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity. Int J Phytomedicine. 2010;2(3)."},{"key":"4406_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2015.09.006","volume":"2","author":"AK Al-Asmari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Asmari AK, Athar MT, Al-Shahrani HM, Al-Dakheel SI, Al-Ghamdi MA. Efficacy of Lepidium sativum against carbon tetra chloride induced hepatotoxicity and determination of its bioactive compounds by GC-MS. Toxicol Rep. 2015;2:1319\u201326.","journal-title":"Toxicol Rep"},{"key":"4406_CR35","unstructured":"Rajab WJ, Ali LH. Efficacy of Lepidium sativum seeds against carbon tetra chloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Biochem Cell Archives. 2020;20."},{"key":"4406_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frank D, Savir S, Gruenbaum BF, Melamed I, Grinshpun J, Kuts R et al. Inducing acute liver injury in rats via carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure through an orogastric tube. JoVE (Journal Visualized Experiments). 2020(158):e60695.","DOI":"10.3791\/60695-v"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2008.10.019","volume":"96","author":"K Maaroufi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maaroufi K, Ammari M, Jeljeli M, Roy V, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. Impairment of emotional behavior and spatial learning in adult Wistar rats by ferrous sulfate. Physiol Behav. 2009;96(2):343\u20139.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(93)90492-C","volume":"44","author":"D Treit","year":"1993","unstructured":"Treit D, Menard J, Royan C. Anxiogenic stimuli in the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1993;44(2):463\u20139.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1483-4","volume":"16","author":"M Raish","year":"2016","unstructured":"Raish M, Ahmad A, Alkharfy KM, Ahamad SR, Mohsin K, Al-Jenoobi FI, et al. Hepatoprotective activity of Lepidium sativum seeds against D-galactosamine\/lipopolysaccharide induced hepatotoxicity in animal model. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16(1):501.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-03001-4","volume":"23","author":"X Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong X, Tang Y. Ntrk1 promotes mesangial cell proliferation and inflammation in rat glomerulonephritis model by activating the STAT3 and p38\/ERK MAPK signaling pathways. BMC Nephrol. 2022;23(1):413.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/28.1.56","volume":"28","author":"S Reitman","year":"1957","unstructured":"Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1957;28(1):56\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)57021-6","volume":"177","author":"AG Gornall","year":"1949","unstructured":"Gornall AG, Bardawill CJ, David MM. Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction. J biol Chem. 1949;177(2):751\u201366.","journal-title":"J biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(71)90365-2","volume":"31","author":"BT Doumas","year":"1971","unstructured":"Doumas BT, Watson WA, Biggs HG. Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green. Clin Chim Acta. 1971;31(1):87\u201396.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"4406_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1159\/000459586","volume":"12","author":"A Belfield","year":"1971","unstructured":"Belfield A, Goldberg D. Revised assay for serum phenyl phosphatase activity using 4-amino-antipyrine. Enzyme. 1971;12:561\u201373.","journal-title":"Enzyme"},{"issue":"7","key":"4406_CR45","first-page":"497","volume":"24","author":"H Bergmeyer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bergmeyer H, Herder M, Ref R. International federation of clinical chemistry (IFCC). J clin Chem clin Biochem. 1986;24(7):497\u2013510.","journal-title":"J clin Chem clin Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","volume":"95","author":"H Ohkawa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem. 1979;95(2):351\u20138.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2370175","volume":"237","author":"H Kuthan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kuthan H, Haussmann H-J, Werringloer J. A spectrophotometric assay for superoxide dismutase activities in crude tissue fractions. Biochem J. 1986;237(1):175\u201380.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR48","first-page":"158","volume":"70","author":"DE Paglia","year":"1967","unstructured":"Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70(1):158\u201369.","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7392","volume":"36","author":"B Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh B, Kumar A, Singh H, Kaur S, Arora S, Singh B. Protective effect of vanillic acid against diabetes and diabetic nephropathy by attenuating oxidative stress and upregulation of NF-\u03baB, TNF\u2010\u03b1 and COX\u20102 proteins in rats. Phytother Res. 2022;36(3):1338\u201352.","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"4406_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106730","volume":"86","author":"MK ElMahdy","year":"2020","unstructured":"ElMahdy MK, Helal MG, Ebrahim TM. Potential anti-inflammatory effect of dapagliflozin in HCHF diet-induced fatty liver degeneration through inhibition of TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-18 in rat liver. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;86:106730.","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"4406_CR51","unstructured":"Banchroft J, Stevens A, Turner D. Theory and practice of histological techniques Fourth Ed Churchil Livingstone. New York, London, San Francisco, Tokyo:[Google Scholar]. 1996."},{"issue":"4","key":"4406_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bionut.2014.08.003","volume":"4","author":"S Miltonprabu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miltonprabu S, Muthumani M. Dimethoxycurcumin potentially protects arsenic induced oxidative hepatic injury, inflammation and apoptosis via Nrf2-Keap1 signaling in rats. Biomed Prev Nutr. 2014;4(4):561\u201377.","journal-title":"Biomed Prev Nutr"},{"issue":"18","key":"4406_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10406","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810406","volume":"23","author":"G Tarantino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tarantino G, Cataldi M, Citro V. Could alcohol abuse and dependence on junk foods inducing obesity and\/or illicit drug use represent danger to liver in young people with altered psychological\/relational spheres or emotional problems? Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(18):10406.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4406_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120615","volume":"301","author":"LA Faccioli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Faccioli LA, Dias ML, Paranhos BA, dos Santos Goldenberg RC. Liver cirrhosis: an overview of experimental models in rodents. Life Sci. 2022;301:120615.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"4406_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113255","volume":"152","author":"L Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun L, Zhang Y, Wen S, Li Q, Chen R, Lai X, et al. Extract of Jasminum grandiflorum L. alleviates CCl4-induced liver injury by decreasing inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatic CYP2E1 expression in mice. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;152:113255.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"07","DOI":"10.32996\/jcs.2022.1.1.2","volume":"1","author":"M Hussein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hussein M, Khan R. CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity: study in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride and treated with camel milk and urine. J Chem Stud. 2022;1(1):07\u201311.","journal-title":"J Chem Stud"},{"key":"4406_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113918","volume":"156","author":"T Kostic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kostic T, Popovi\u0107 D, Perisic Z, Stanojevic D, Dakic S, Saric S, et al. The hepatoprotective effect of aminoguanidine in acute liver injury caused by CCl4 in rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;156:113918.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"4406_CR58","first-page":"816","volume":"11","author":"M Jacob","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jacob M, Rani SS, Shankar R, Raj A, Sujith S. An experiment-based approach for selecting optimal dosage of carbon tetrachloride for research studies on fatty liver disease. Pharma Innov J. 2022;11:816\u201320.","journal-title":"Pharma Innov J"},{"issue":"5","key":"4406_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1191\/0960327102ht247oa","volume":"21","author":"D Amacher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Amacher D. A toxicologist\u2019s guide to biomarkers of hepatic response. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002;21(5):253\u201362.","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4406_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0196411","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196411","volume":"13","author":"S Dutta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dutta S, Chakraborty AK, Dey P, Kar P, Guha P, Sen S, et al. Amelioration of CCl4 induced liver injury in Swiss albino mice by antioxidant rich leaf extract of Croton bonplandianus Baill. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(4):e0196411.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"4406_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.17816\/PED13355-64","volume":"13","author":"TV Brus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brus TV, Evgrafov VA. Pathophysiology of hepatic insufficiency. Pediatrician (St Petersburg). 2022;13(3):55\u201364.","journal-title":"Pediatrician (St Petersburg)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12020191","volume":"12","author":"H Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu H, Tang M-H, Zeng Z-Y, Huang S-J, Zheng X-F, Liu Z-Y. Suppressive effects of gelsemine on anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in mice. Brain Sci. 2022;12(2):191.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.11.045","volume":"178","author":"HR Sadeghipour","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sadeghipour HR, Ghasemi M, Sadeghipour H, Riazi K, Soufiabadi M, Fallahi N, et al. Nitric oxide involvement in estrous cycle-dependent changes of the behavioral responses of female rats in the elevated plus-maze test. Behav Brain Res. 2007;178(1):10\u20137.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"4406_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-012-9284-z","volume":"27","author":"N Liebenberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liebenberg N, Harvey BH, Brand L, Wegener G, Brink CB. Chronic treatment with the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors sildenafil and tadalafil display anxiolytic effects in Flinders Sensitive Line rats. Metab Brain Dis. 2012;27:337\u201340.","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"4406_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e32833befe5","volume":"21","author":"N Liebenberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liebenberg N, Harvey BH, Brand L, Brink CB. Antidepressant-like properties of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and cholinergic dependency in a genetic rat model of depression. Behav Pharmacol. 2010;21(5\u20136):540\u20137.","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"4406_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balgoon MJ. Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) Seeds ameliorated Aluminum-Induced Alzheimer Disease in rats through Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic effects. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2023:865\u201378.","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S401740"},{"key":"4406_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2014.10.003","volume":"147","author":"A Das","year":"2015","unstructured":"Das A, Durrant D, Salloum FN, Xi L, Kukreja RC. PDE5 inhibitors as therapeutics for heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Pharmacol Ther. 2015;147:12\u201321.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"4406_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MCBI.0000049134.69131.89","volume":"266","author":"M Valko","year":"2004","unstructured":"Valko M, Izakovic M, Mazur M, Rhodes CJ, Telser J. Role of oxygen radicals in DNA damage and cancer incidence. Mol Cell Biochem. 2004;266:37\u201356.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4406_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9133","volume":"172","author":"LA Morio","year":"2001","unstructured":"Morio LA, Chiu H, Sprowles KA, Zhou P, Heck DE, Gordon MK, et al. Distinct roles of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and nitric oxide in acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmcol. 2001;172(1):44\u201351.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmcol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.145","volume":"93","author":"K Toriumi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Toriumi K, Horikoshi Y, Osamura RY, Yamamoto Y, Nakamura N, Takekoshi S. Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury through formation of oxidized diacylglycerol and activation of the PKC\/NF-\u03baB pathway. Lab Invest. 2013;93(2):218\u201329.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"4406_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28442","volume":"63","author":"FJ Cubero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cubero FJ. Shutting off inflammation: a novel switch on hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology. 2016;63(4):1086\u20139.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"23","key":"4406_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3727","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205474","volume":"21","author":"S Gupta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gupta S, Afaq F, Mukhtar H. Involvement of nuclear factor-kappa B, Bax and Bcl-2 in induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by apigenin in human prostate carcinoma cells. Oncogene. 2002;21(23):3727\u201338.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"4406_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8546-5-33","volume":"5","author":"Y Feng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feng Y, Siu K-Y, Ye X, Wang N, Yuen M-F, Leung C-H, et al. Hepatoprotective effects of berberine on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Chin Med. 2010;5:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"4406_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24753","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024753","volume":"6","author":"SS Veidal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Veidal SS, Karsdal MA, Vassiliadis E, Nawrocki A, Larsen MR, Nguyen QHT, et al. MMP mediated degradation of type VI collagen is highly associated with liver fibrosis\u2013identification and validation of a novel biochemical marker assay. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(9):e24753.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"31","key":"4406_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4897","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.4897","volume":"14","author":"I Tasci","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tasci I, Mas N, Mas MR, Tuncer M, Comert B. Ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes after taurine treatment in CCl4 induced liver injury. World J Gastroenterology: WJG. 2008;14(31):4897.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterology: WJG"},{"issue":"2","key":"4406_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.7324\/JAPS.2016.60226","volume":"6","author":"KM Hassanein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hassanein KM, Al-Emam A, Radad K. Prophylactic effects of thymoquinone against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2016;6(2):167\u201371.","journal-title":"J Appl Pharm Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T16:05:51Z","timestamp":1709049951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04406-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee (IACUC) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University (approval number: 06\/2023\/0042). All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guideline and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"104"}}