{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T12:57:53Z","timestamp":1785761873549,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Med Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T05:32:58Z","timestamp":1736400778000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative antibacterial activity of clove extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Deniz M.","family":"Al-Tawalbeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jafar M.","family":"Alawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed","family":"Momani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Mayyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"4740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy264","volume":"188","author":"JA Lewnard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lewnard JA, Reingold AL. Emerging challenges and opportunities in infectious disease epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2019;188(5):873\u201382.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4740_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux020","volume":"41","author":"S Chevalier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chevalier S, Bouffartigues E, Bodilis J, Maillot O, Lesouhaitier O, Feuilloley MGJ, Orange N, Dufour A, Cornelis P. Structure, function and regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa porins. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2017;41(5):698\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsre\/fux020.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/mrm.0000000000000271","volume":"32","author":"AM Spagnolo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Spagnolo AM, Sartini M, Cristina ML. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the healthcare facility setting. Reviews Res Med Microbiol. 2021;32(3):169\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mrm.0000000000000271.","journal-title":"Reviews Res Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4740_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200408-1044SO","volume":"171","author":"RT Sadikot","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sadikot RT, Blackwell TS, Christman JW, Prince AS. Pathogen-host interactions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171(11):1209\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200408-1044SO.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835f27be","volume":"19","author":"F Barbier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barbier F, Andremont A, Wolff M, Bouadma L. Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: recent advances in epidemiology and management. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2013;19(3):216\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835f27be.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.10.010","volume":"22","author":"M Vouga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vouga M, Greub G. Emerging bacterial pathogens: the past and beyond. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(1):12\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.10.010.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"4740_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615","volume":"16","author":"G Muteeb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muteeb G, Rehman MT, Shahwan M, Aatif M. Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: a narrative review. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(11):1615.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"4","key":"4740_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2020.06.004","volume":"30","author":"L Morrison","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morrison L, Zembower TR. Antimicrobial resistance. Gastrointest Endoscopy Clin. 2020;30(4):619\u201335.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endoscopy Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"4740_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.07.012","volume":"26","author":"L Guardabassi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guardabassi L, Butaye P, Dockrell DH, Fitzgerald JR, Kuijper EJ. One health: a multifaceted concept combining diverse approaches to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(12):1604\u20135.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-019-09914-3","volume":"88","author":"E Christaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Christaki E, Marcou M, Tofarides A. Antimicrobial resistance in Bacteria: mechanisms, evolution, and persistence. J Mol Evol. 2020;88(1):26\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00239-019-09914-3.","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"4740_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"AlSheikh HMA, Sultan I, Kumar V, Rather IA, Al-Sheikh H, Tasleem Jan A, Haq QMR. Plant-based phytochemicals as possible alternative to antibiotics in combating bacterial drug resistance. Antibiot (Basel) 2020;9(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics9080480.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9080480"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2023.103576","volume":"30","author":"S Atta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atta S, Waseem D, Fatima H, Naz I, Rasheed F, Kanwal N. Antibacterial potential and synergistic interaction between natural polyphenolic extracts and synthetic antibiotic on clinical isolates. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2023;30(3):103576.","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"4740_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan MF, Tang H, Lyles JT, Pineau R, Mashwani ZU, Quave CL. Antibacterial properties of medicinal plants from Pakistan against multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. Front Pharmacol 2018;9(815).","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00815"},{"issue":"9","key":"4740_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1039\/c2np20035j","volume":"29","author":"AC Abreu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abreu AC, McBain AJ, Sim\u00f5es M. Plants as sources of new antimicrobials and resistance-modifying agents. Nat Prod Rep. 2012;29(9):1007\u201321.","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"4740_CR15","first-page":"1193","volume":"19","author":"MF Haroun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haroun MF, Al-Kayali RS. Synergistic effect of Thymbra Spicata L. extracts with antibiotics against multidrug- resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2016;19(11):1193\u2013200.","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0797-1","volume":"16","author":"W Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai W, Fu Y, Zhang W, Chen X, Zhao J, Song W, Li Y, Huang Y, Wu Z, Sun R, Dong C, Zhang F. Synergistic effects of baicalein with cefotaxime against Klebsiella pneumoniae through inhibiting CTX-M-1 gene expression. BMC Microbiol. 2016;16(1):181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-016-0797-1.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"4740_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demgne OM, Damen F, Fankam AG, Guefack MG, Wamba BE, Nayim P, Mbaveng AT, Bitchagno GT, Tapondjou LA, Penlap VB, Tane P, Efferth T, Kuete V. Botanicals and phytochemicals from the bark of Hypericum roeperianum (Hypericaceae) had strong antibacterial activity and showed synergistic effects with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. J Ethnopharmacol 2021;277(114257). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114257.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114257"},{"issue":"9","key":"4740_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-020-02105-0","volume":"77","author":"N Fatemi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fatemi N, Sharifmoghadam MR, Bahreini M, Khameneh B, Shadifar H. Antibacterial and Synergistic effects of herbal extracts in combination with Amikacin and Imipenem Against Multidrug-Resistant isolates of Acinetobacter. Curr Microbiol. 2020;77(9):1959\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-020-02105-0.","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"4740_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.05.050","volume":"308","author":"M Ayaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ayaz M, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ullah F, Ovais M, Ahmed J, Devkota HP. Synergistic interactions of phytochemicals with antimicrobial agents: potential strategy to counteract drug resistance. Chemico-Biol Interact. 2019;308:294\u2013303.","journal-title":"Chemico-Biol Interact"},{"issue":"4","key":"4740_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaim.2017.05.004","volume":"8","author":"PD Gupta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta PD, Birdi TJ. Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2017;8(4):266\u201375.","journal-title":"J Ayurveda Integr Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"4740_CR21","first-page":"1193","volume":"19","author":"MF Haroun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haroun MF, Al-Kayali RS. Synergistic effect of Thymbra Spicata L. extracts with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2016;19(11):1193.","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"4740_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0797-1","volume":"16","author":"W Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai W, Fu Y, Zhang W, Chen X, Zhao J, Song W, Li Y, Huang Y, Wu Z, Sun R. Synergistic effects of baicalein with cefotaxime against Klebsiella pneumoniae through inhibiting CTX-M-1 gene expression. BMC Microbiol. 2016;16:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"4740_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Demgne OMF, Damen F, Fankam AG, Guefack M-GF, Wamba BE, Nayim P, Mbaveng AT, Bitchagno GT, Tapondjou LA, Penlap VB. (2021). Botanicals and phytochemicals from the bark of Hypericum roeperianum (Hypericaceae) had strong antibacterial activity and showed synergistic effects with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria expressing active efflux pumps. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 277(114257. doi.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114257"},{"key":"4740_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-020-02105-0","volume":"77","author":"N Fatemi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fatemi N, Sharifmoghadam MR, Bahreini M, Khameneh B, Shadifar H. Antibacterial and synergistic effects of herbal extracts in combination with amikacin and imipenem against multidrug-resistant isolates of acinetobacter. Curr Microbiol. 2020;77:1959\u201367.","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR25","first-page":"8836886","volume":"2023","author":"N Chauhan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chauhan N, Khan A, Farooq U. Synergistic effect of combined antibiotic and methanolic extracts of Withania somnifera and Catharanthus roseus against MDR Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. Adv Gut Microbiome Res. 2023;2023(1):8836886.","journal-title":"Adv Gut Microbiome Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4740_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.2206-2211","volume":"14","author":"EV Ginting","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ginting EV, Retnaningrum E, Widiasih DA. Antibacterial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) essential oil against extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing bacteria. Vet World. 2021;14(8):2206\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2021.2206-2211.","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_908_19","volume":"9","author":"SS Faujdar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Faujdar SS, Bisht D, Sharma A. Antibacterial activity of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against uropathogens producing ESBL, MBL, and AmpC beta-lactamase: are we close to getting a new antibacterial agent? J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(1):180\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_908_19.","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"4740_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6439","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.S211047","volume":"14","author":"MJ Nirmala","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nirmala MJ, Durai L, Gopakumar V, Nagarajan R. Anticancer and antibacterial effects of a clove bud essential oil-based nanoscale emulsion system. Int J Nanomed. 2019;14:6439\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ijn.S211047.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.17140\/DOJ-7-144","volume":"6","author":"C Gupta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gupta C, Prakash D. Comparative study of the antimicrobial activity of clove oil and clove extract on oral pathogens. Dent-Open J. 2021;6(1):12\u20135.","journal-title":"Dent-Open J"},{"key":"4740_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Hadid KJ, Al-Karablieh N, Sharab A, Mutlak I. JTJoIiDC. Phytochemical analyses and antibacterial activities of Erodium, Euphorbia, Logoecia and Tamarix species 2019;13(11):1013\u201320.","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.11776"},{"key":"4740_CR31","unstructured":"Wayne P. (2011). Clinical and laboratory standards institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. doi."},{"key":"4740_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al Tawalbeh D, Aburjai T, Al Balas Q, Al Samydai A. In Silico and In Vitro Investigation of Anti Helicobacter Activity of Selected Phytochemicals 2022;14(3):132\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_850_21","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_850_21"},{"key":"4740_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferrazzano GF, Roberto L, Catania MR, Chiaviello A, De Natale A, Roscetto E, Pinto G, Pollio A, Ingenito A, Palumbo G. Screening and scoring of antimicrobial and biological activities of italian vulnerary plants against major oral pathogenic bacteria. Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2013;2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/316280.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/316280"},{"key":"4740_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayyas A, Abu-Sini M, Amr R, Akasheh RT, Zalloum W, Khdair A, Hamad I, Aburjai T, Darwish RM, Abu-Qatouseh LJVW. Novel in vitro and in vivo anti-helicobacter pylori effects of pomegranate peel ethanol extract 2021;14(1):120.","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.120-128"},{"key":"4740_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tayseer I, Aburjai T, Abu-Qatouseh L, AL-Karabieh N, Ahmed W, Al-Samydai AJJPAM. In vitro anti-helicobacter pylori activity of capsaicin 2020;14(1):279\u201386.","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.14.1.29"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR36","first-page":"71","volume":"22","author":"L Abu-Qatouseh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abu-Qatouseh L, Abu-Sini M, Mayyas A, Al-Hiari Y, Darwish R, Aburjai TJM. Synthesis of new nitrofluoroquinolone derivatives with novel anti-microbial properties against metronidazole resistant H. Pylori. 2017;22(1):71.","journal-title":"Pylori"},{"key":"4740_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odds FCJJAC. Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them. 2003;52(1):1\u20131.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg301"},{"key":"4740_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bassetti M, Vena A, Croxatto A, Righi E, Guery BJD. (2018). How to manage Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. 7(doi.","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.212527"},{"issue":"10","key":"4740_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102995","volume":"102","author":"S Marouf","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marouf S, Li X, Salem HM, Ahmed ZS, Nader SM, Shaalan M, Awad FH, Zhou H, Cheang T. Molecular detection of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa of different avian sources with pathogenicity testing and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant P. Aeruginosa. Poult Sci. 2023;102(10):102995.","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"4740_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121638","volume":"10","author":"KA Glen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Glen KA, Lamont IL. \u03b2-lactam resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: current status, future prospects. Pathogens. 2021;10(12):1638.","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"2","key":"4740_CR41","first-page":"308","volume":"2","author":"H Mahmoud","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mahmoud H, Zakaria S, Kishk R, Al-Amir A. Effect of Meropenem-Colistin and Meropenem-Amikacin combinations against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Suez Canal University Hospitals. Microbes Infect Dis. 2021;2(2):308\u201316.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR42","first-page":"6612058","volume":"2021","author":"O Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed O, Mohamed H, Salem W, Afifi M, Song Y. Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium aromaticum in the treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical isolates Associated with urinary tract infections. Evidence\u2010Based Complement Altern Med. 2021;2021(1):6612058.","journal-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4740_CR43","first-page":"86","volume":"2","author":"N Hiwandika","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hiwandika N, Sudrajat SE, Rahayu I. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of clove extract (Syzygium aromaticum). Eureka Herba Indonesia. 2021;2(2):86\u201394.","journal-title":"Eureka Herba Indonesia"},{"issue":"4","key":"4740_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4016","DOI":"10.3390\/s120404016","volume":"12","author":"T Krishnan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krishnan T, Yin W-F, Chan K-G. Inhibition of quorum sensing-controlled virulence factor production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by ayurveda spice clove (Syzygium Aromati Cum) bud extract. Sensors. 2012;12(4):4016\u201330.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.022764-0","volume":"155","author":"V Dekimpe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dekimpe V, Deziel E. Revisiting the quorum-sensing hierarchy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: the transcriptional regulator RhlR regulates LasR-specific factors. Microbiology. 2009;155(3):712\u201323.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"4740_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-012-1126-x","volume":"35","author":"L Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou L, Zheng H, Tang Y, Yu W, Gong Q. Eugenol inhibits quorum sensing at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Biotechnol Lett. 2013;35:631\u20137.","journal-title":"Biotechnol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13325","volume":"206","author":"A Piasecka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Piasecka A, Jedrzejczak-Rey N, Bednarek P. Secondary metabolites in plant innate immunity: conserved function of divergent chemicals. New Phytol. 2015;206(3):948\u201364.","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"4740_CR48","unstructured":"Pandey A, Shashank Kumar SK. (2014). Perspective on plant products as antimicrobials agents: a review. doi."},{"issue":"8","key":"4740_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)84689-0","volume":"26","author":"A Mori","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mori A, Nishino C, Enoki N, Tawata S. Antibacterial activity and mode of action of plant flavonoids against Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemistry. 1987;26(8):2231\u20134.","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"4740_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7492-x","volume":"100","author":"A Fathima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fathima A, Rao JR. Selective toxicity of Catechin\u2014A natural flavonoid towards bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100:6395\u2013402.","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4740_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2010.04677.x","volume":"109","author":"A Vikram","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vikram A, Jayaprakasha GK, Jesudhasan P, Pillai S, Patil B. Suppression of bacterial cell\u2013cell signalling, biofilm formation and type III secretion system by citrus flavonoids. J Appl Microbiol. 2010;109(2):515\u201327.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4740_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvh010","volume":"135","author":"BH Li","year":"2004","unstructured":"Li BH, Tian WX. Inhibitory effects of flavonoids on animal fatty acid synthase. J BioChem. 2004;135(1):85\u201391.","journal-title":"J BioChem"},{"issue":"11","key":"4740_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.036186.108","volume":"17","author":"L Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang L, Kong Y, Wu D, Zhang H, Wu J, Chen J, Ding J, Hu L, Jiang H, Shen X. Three flavonoids targeting the \u03b2-hydroxyacyl\u2010acyl carrier protein dehydratase from Helicobacter pylori: Crystal structure characterization with enzymatic inhibition assay. Protein Sci. 2008;17(11):1971\u20138.","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"4740_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2014.974211","volume":"33","author":"B Suriyanarayanan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Suriyanarayanan B, Sarojini Santhosh R. Docking analysis insights quercetin can be a non-antibiotic adjuvant by inhibiting Mmr drug efflux pump in Mycobacterium sp. and its homologue EmrE in Escherichia coli. J Biomol Struct Dynamics. 2015;33(8):1819\u201334.","journal-title":"J Biomol Struct Dynamics"},{"issue":"3","key":"4740_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01016-10","volume":"55","author":"X Xu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xu X, Zhou XD, Wu CD. The tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate suppresses cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55(3):1229\u201336.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"4740_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.03.025","volume":"130","author":"MC Lima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lima MC, de Sousa CP, Fernandez-Prada C, Harel J, Dubreuil J, De Souza E. A review of the current evidence of fruit phenolic compounds as potential antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria. Microb Pathog. 2019;130:259\u201370.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"4740_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2017.09.011","volume":"85","author":"W Du","year":"2018","unstructured":"Du W, Zhou M, Liu Z, Chen Y, Li R. Inhibition effects of low concentrations of epigallocatechin gallate on the biofilm formation and hemolytic activity of Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control. 2018;85:119\u201326.","journal-title":"Food Control"}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T06:02:35Z","timestamp":1736402555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4740"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-024-04740-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7"}}