{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:31:50Z","timestamp":1787020310637,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Med Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T09:51:42Z","timestamp":1747475502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neuroprotective, and memory enhancement effects of Salvia aristata and its phenolic constituents: an in vitro, and in vivo study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Farid","family":"Dabaghian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Reza","family":"Delnavazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roshanak","family":"Hariri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahmineh","family":"Akbarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Tayarani-Najaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Shams Ardekani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sharifzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Khanavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10284","key":"4902_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","volume":"397","author":"P Scheltens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scheltens P, De Strooper B, Kivipelto M, Holstege H, Ch\u00e9telat G, Teunissen CE, et al. Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2021;397(10284):1577\u201390.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-00391-7","volume":"15","author":"T Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo T, Zhang D, Zeng Y, Huang TY, Xu H, Zhao Y. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2020;15(1):1\u201337.","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"issue":"5","key":"4902_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac385","volume":"146","author":"M Nemy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nemy M, Dyrba M, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, et al. Cholinergic white matter pathways along the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum. Brain. 2023;146(5):2075\u201388.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"4902_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0569-x","volume":"11","author":"J Shin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shin J, Kong C, Lee J, Choi BY, Sim J, Koh CS, et al. Focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening improves adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in a cholinergic degeneration dementia rat model. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2019;11:1\u201315.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"4902_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7258","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087258","volume":"24","author":"A Afsar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Afsar A, Chacon Castro MC, Soladogun AS, Zhang L. Recent development in the Understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(8):7258.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR6","first-page":"31","volume":"10","author":"F Dabaghian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dabaghian F, Hasanpour M, Maroufizadeh S, Joulani MH. Use of medicinal plants and its association with health literacy in the general population of Iran during the COVID-19 pandemy: a Web-Based Cross-Sectional survey. Res J Pharmacogn. 2023;10(1):31\u201340.","journal-title":"Res J Pharmacogn"},{"key":"4902_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115406","volume":"166","author":"J Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu J, Li T, Zhong G, Pan Y, Gao M, Su S, et al. Exploring the therapeutic potential of natural compounds for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: mechanisms of action and Pharmacological properties. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;166:115406.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR8","first-page":"20200112","volume":"35","author":"S Umukoro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Umukoro S, Okoh L, Igweze SC, Ajayi AM, Ben-Azu B. Protective effect of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) extract against scopolamine-induced memory loss and oxidative stress in mouse brain. Drug Metab Pers Ther. 2020;35(3):20200112.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pers Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"4902_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5906","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115906","volume":"25","author":"D Vicente-Zurdo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vicente-Zurdo D, G\u00f3mez-Mej\u00eda E, Rosales-Conrado N, Le\u00f3n-Gonz\u00e1lez ME. A comprehensive analytical review of polyphenols: evaluating neuroprotection in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(11):5906.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030539","volume":"12","author":"MT Gentile","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gentile MT, Camerino I, Ciarmiello L, Woodrow P, Muscariello L, De Chiara I, et al. Neuro-nutraceutical polyphenols: how Far are we? Antioxidants. 2023;12(3):539.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"4902_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116376","volume":"174","author":"HM Albadrani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Albadrani HM, Chauhan P, Ashique S, Babu MA, Iqbal D, Almutary AG, et al. Mechanistic insights into the potential role of dietary polyphenols and their nanoformulation in the management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;174:116376.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-024-00792-1","volume":"21","author":"A Azargoonjahromi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Azargoonjahromi A, Abutalebian F. Unraveling the therapeutic efficacy of Resveratrol in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an umbrella review of systematic evidence. Nutr Metab. 2024;21(1):15.","journal-title":"Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"4902_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-023-01160-3","volume":"38","author":"D Vijh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vijh D, Imam MA, Haque MMU, Das S, Islam A, Malik MZ. Network Pharmacology and bioinformatics approach reveals the therapeutic mechanism of action of Curcumin in alzheimer disease. Metab Brain Dis. 2023;38(4):1205\u201320.","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"4902_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27082468","volume":"27","author":"H Hussain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hussain H, Ahmad S, Shah SWA, Ullah A, Ali N, Almehmadi M, et al. Attenuation of scopolamine-induced amnesia via cholinergic modulation in mice by synthetic Curcumin analogs. Molecules. 2022;27(8):2468.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"4902_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79116-4_15","volume-title":"Herbal drugs: ethnomedicine to modern medicine","author":"M-JR Howes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Howes M-JR, Houghton PJ. Traditional medicine for memory enhancement. In: Ramawat KG, editor. Herbal drugs: ethnomedicine to modern medicine. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. pp. 239\u201391."},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.09.066","volume":"120","author":"FS \u015eenol","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u015eenol FS, Orhan I, Celep F, Kahraman A, Do\u011fan M, Yilmaz G, et al. Survey of 55 Turkish Salvia taxa for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Food Chem. 2010;120(1):34\u201343.","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR17","first-page":"3","volume":"3","author":"G Topcu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Topcu G, Kolak U, Ozturk M, Boga M, Damla Hatipoglu S, Bahadori F, et al. Investigation of anticholinesterase activity of a series of Salvia extracts and the constituents of Salvia staminea. Nat Prod J. 2013;3(1):3\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Prod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2975284","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2975284","volume":"2020","author":"A Ververis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ververis A, Savvidou G, Ioannou K, Nicolaou P, Christodoulou K, Plioukas M. Greek Sage exhibits neuroprotective activity against amyloid beta-induced toxicity. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020(1):2975284.","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"4902_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mervi\u0107 M, Bival \u0160tefan M, Kindl M, Bla\u017eekovi\u0107 B, Marijan M, Vladimir-Kne\u017eevi\u0107. Comparative antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-\u03b1-glucosidase activities of mediterranean Salvia species. Plants. 2022;11(5):625.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11050625"},{"key":"4902_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Datta S, Patil S. Evaluation of traditional herb extract Salvia officinalis in treatment of alzheimers disease. Pharmacogn J. 2020;12(1).","DOI":"10.5530\/pj.2020.12.20"},{"issue":"4","key":"4902_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02988F","volume":"13","author":"IM Ayoub","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ayoub IM, George MY, Menze ET, Mahmoud M, Botros M, Essam M, et al. Insights into the neuroprotective effects of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia microphylla Kunth in the memory impairment rat model. Food Funct. 2022;13(4):2253\u201368.","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2011.02.006","volume":"31","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Li W, Xu L, Chen L. Salvia miltiorrhiza, phenolic acids possess protective properties against amyloid \u03b2-induced cytotoxicity, and Tanshinones act as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011;31(3):443\u201352.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"4902_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.02.019","volume":"173","author":"M Ozarowski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozarowski M, Mikolajczak PL, Piasecka A, Kujawski R, Bartkowiak-Wieczorek J, Bogacz A, et al. Effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza root extract on brain acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities, their mRNA levels and memory evaluation in rats. Physiol Behav. 2017;173:223\u201330.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4902_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1556\/034.61.2019.1-2.10","volume":"61","author":"F Moein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moein F, Jamzad Z, Rahiminejad M. An integrating study of genetic diversity and ecological niche modelling in Salvia aristata (Lamiaceae). Acta Bot Hung. 2019;61(1\u20132):185\u2013204.","journal-title":"Acta Bot Hung"},{"key":"4902_CR25","unstructured":"Dabaghian F, Aalinezhad S, Delnavazi MR, Saeedi M, Khanavi* M. Salvia aristata essential oil: chemical composition, cholinesterase Inhibition, and neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Res J Pharmacogn. 2025;12(2):65\u201375."},{"issue":"4","key":"4902_CR26","first-page":"17","volume":"2","author":"M Esmaeili","year":"2015","unstructured":"Esmaeili M, Alilou M, Sonboli A. Neuroprotective effects of Salvia aristata Aucher ex Benth. On hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Res J Pharmacogn. 2015;2(4):17\u201326.","journal-title":"Res J Pharmacogn"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-04004-w","volume":"23","author":"HJ Gharehbagh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gharehbagh HJ, Ebrahimi M, Dabaghian F, Mojtabavi S, Hariri R, Saeedi M, et al. Chemical composition, cholinesterase, and \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the essential oils of some Iranian native Salvia species. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023;23(1):1\u201316.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"4902_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10102385","volume":"10","author":"H Hussain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hussain H, Ahmad S, Shah SWA, Ullah A, Almehmadi M, Abdulaziz O, et al. Investigation of antistress and antidepressant activities of synthetic Curcumin analogues: behavioral and biomarker approach. Biomedicines. 2022;10(10):2385.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-022-00897-9","volume":"16","author":"A Rastegari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rastegari A, Manayi A, Rezakazemi M, Eftekhari M, Khanavi M, Akbarzadeh T, et al. Phytochemical analysis and anticholinesterase activity of Aril of Myristica fragrans Houtt. BMC Chem. 2022;16(1):106.","journal-title":"BMC Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"4902_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2018.1504428","volume":"23","author":"E Hadipour","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hadipour E, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Fereidoni M. Vitamin K2 protects PC12 cells against A\u03b2 (1\u201342) and H2O2-induced apoptosis via p38 MAP kinase pathway. Nutr Neurosci. 2020;23(5):343\u201352.","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"4902_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.10.056","volume":"83","author":"Z Najafi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Najafi Z, Mahdavi M, Saeedi M, Karimpour-Razkenari E, Edraki N, Sharifzadeh M, et al. Novel tacrine-coumarin hybrids linked to 1, 2, 3-triazole as anti-Alzheimer\u2019s compounds: in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation and Docking study. Bioorg Chem. 2019;83:303\u201316.","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"4902_CR32","first-page":"2115","volume":"5","author":"S Kishore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kishore S, Anitha K, Nettem S, Pratima K, Shobana K. Evaluation of nootropic activity of Salvia officinalis L. extract using different experimental models in rats. Global Trends Pharm Sci. 2014;5(4):2115\u20137.","journal-title":"Global Trends Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR33","first-page":"133","volume":"28","author":"D Ercil","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ercil D, Sakar MK, Olmo ED, Feliciano AS. Chemical constituents of Linaria aucheri. Turk J Chem. 2004;28(1):133\u201340.","journal-title":"Turk J Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"4902_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3839\/jabc.2016.020","volume":"59","author":"S Cho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cho S, Lee J, Lee YK, Chung MJ, Kwon KH, Lee S. Determination of Pectolinarin in Cirsium spp. Using HPLC\/UV analysis. J Appl Biol Chem. 2016;59(2):107\u201312.","journal-title":"J Appl Biol Chem"},{"key":"4902_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grayer RJ, Veitch NC, Kite GC, Paton AJ, Garnock-Jones PJ. Scutellarein 4\u2032-methyl ether glycosides as taxonomic markers in Teucridium and Tripora (Lamiaceae, Ajugoideae). Phytochemistry. 2002;60(7):727\u201331.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(02)00192-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.06.056","volume":"135","author":"C Wan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wan C, Yuan T, Cirello AL, Seeram NP. Antioxidant and \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory phenolics isolated from highbush blueberry flowers. Food Chem. 2012;135(3):1929\u201337.","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"4902_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00765-w","volume":"36","author":"N Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das N, Raymick J, Sarkar S. Role of metals in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Metab Brain Dis. 2021;36(7):1627\u201339.","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4902_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00622","volume":"10","author":"M Sanati","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sanati M, Khodagholi F, Aminyavari S, Ghasemi F, Gholami M, Kebriaeezadeh A, et al. Impact of gold nanoparticles on amyloid \u03b2-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a rat animal model: involvement of STIM proteins. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019;10(5):2299\u2013309.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4902_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116695","volume":"233","author":"K San Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"San Tang K. The cellular and molecular processes associated with scopolamine-induced memory deficit: A model of Alzheimer\u2019s biomarkers. Life Sci. 2019;233:116695.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"4902_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061309","volume":"10","author":"X Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen X, Drew J, Berney W, Lei W. Neuroprotective natural products for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Cells. 2021;10(6):1309.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4902_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2015.12.003","volume":"106","author":"MB Bahadori","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bahadori MB, Dinparast L, Valizadeh H, Farimani MM, Ebrahimi SN. Bioactive constituents from roots of Salvia syriaca L.: acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and molecular Docking studies. S Afr J Bot. 2016;106:1\u20134.","journal-title":"S Afr J Bot"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.10.060","volume":"120","author":"I Uriarte-Pueyo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uriarte-Pueyo I, Calvo MI. Structure\u2013activity relationships of acetylated flavone glycosides from Galeopsis ladanum L. (Lamiaceae). Food Chem. 2010;120(3):679\u201383.","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"4902_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-020-03030-1","volume":"45","author":"D Dwivedi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dwivedi D, Megha K, Mishra R, Mandal PK. Glutathione in brain: overview of its conformations, functions, biochemical characteristics, quantitation and potential therapeutic role in brain disorders. Neurochem Res. 2020;45:1461\u201380.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"4902_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.617588","volume":"13","author":"A Misrani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Misrani A, Tabassum S, Yang L. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;13:57.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"82","key":"4902_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.52547\/jmp.21.82.93","volume":"21","author":"F Dabaghian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dabaghian F, Azadi A, Zarshenas MM. Design, reformulation, and standardization of a traditional-based memory enhancer herbal Preparation originated from Persian medicine. J Med Plants. 2022;21(82):93\u2013110.","journal-title":"J Med Plants"},{"issue":"04","key":"4902_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1087-8276","volume":"86","author":"E Poulios","year":"2020","unstructured":"Poulios E, Giaginis C, Vasios GK. Current state of the Art on the antioxidant activity of Sage (Salvia spp.) and its bioactive components. Planta Med. 2020;86(04):224\u201338.","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"4902_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2015.09.005","volume":"77","author":"ZA Jeshvaghani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jeshvaghani ZA, Rahimmalek M, Talebi M, Goli SAH. Comparison of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in different Salvia species using three model systems. Ind Crops Prod. 2015;77:409\u201314.","journal-title":"Ind Crops Prod"},{"issue":"7","key":"4902_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.2174\/092986707780090954","volume":"14","author":"D Amic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Amic D, Davidovic-Amic D, Beslo D, Rastija V, Lucic B, Trinajstic N. SAR and QSAR of the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(7):827\u201345.","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"4902_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2022.106301","volume":"131","author":"L-L Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen L-L, Fan Y-G, Zhao L-X, Zhang Q, Wang Z-Y. The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators. Bioorg Chem. 2023;131:106301.","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4902_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(98)00092-6","volume":"158","author":"M Lovell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lovell M, Robertson J, Teesdale W, Campbell J, Markesbery W. Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer\u2019s disease senile plaques. J Neurol Sci. 1998;158(1):47\u201352.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2004-6310","volume":"6","author":"E House","year":"2004","unstructured":"House E, Collingwood J, Khan A, Korchazkina O, Berthon G, Exley C. Aluminium, iron, zinc and copper influence the in vitro formation of amyloid fibrils of A\u03b242 in a manner which May have consequences for metal chelation therapy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2004;6(3):291\u2013301.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"4902_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2004-6610","volume":"6","author":"MA Lovell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lovell MA, Xiong S, Xie C, Davies P, Markesbery WR. Induction of hyperphosphorylated Tau in primary rat cortical neuron cultures mediated by oxidative stress and glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Alzheimers Dis. 2004;6(6):659\u201371.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4902_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2012.12.005","volume":"62","author":"C Guo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guo C, Wang P, Zhong M-L, Wang T, Huang X-S, Li J-Y, et al. Deferoxamine inhibits iron induced hippocampal Tau phosphorylation in the alzheimer Transgenic mouse brain. Neurochem Int. 2013;62(2):165\u201372.","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4902_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2020.07.003","volume":"80","author":"Z Xie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie Z, Wu H, Zhao J. Multifunctional roles of zinc in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurotoxicology. 2020;80:112\u201323.","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"4902_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782434","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.782434","volume":"13","author":"C Lai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lai C, Chen Z, Ding Y, Chen Q, Su S, Liu H, et al. Rapamycin attenuated zinc-induced Tau phosphorylation and oxidative stress in rats: involvement of dual mTOR\/p70S6K and Nrf2\/HO-1 pathways. Front Immunol. 2022;13:782434.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4902_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00248","volume":"52","author":"Y Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu Y, Nguyen M, Robert A, Meunier B. Metal ions in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a key role or not? Acc Chem Res. 2019;52(7):2026\u201335.","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"4902_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00486","volume":"14","author":"RG Roy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roy RG, Mandal PK, Maroon JC. Oxidative stress occurs prior to amyloid A\u03b2 plaque formation and Tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: role of glutathione and metal ions. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2023;14(17):2944\u201354.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4902_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-013-9550-x","volume":"66","author":"SK Tusi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tusi SK, Khodagholi F. Salvia macilenta exhibits antiglycating activity and protects PC12 cells against H2O2-induced apoptosis. Cytotechnology. 2014;66:169\u201379.","journal-title":"Cytotechnology"},{"issue":"15","key":"4902_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5826","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28155826","volume":"28","author":"QQ Pang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pang QQ, Kim JH, Kim HY, Kim J-H, Cho EJ. Protective effects and mechanisms of Pectolinarin against H2O2-Induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Molecules. 2023;28(15):5826.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.21-0120","volume":"71","author":"MZ Othman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Othman MZ, Hassan Z, Has ATC. Morris water maze: a versatile and pertinent tool for assessing Spatial learning and memory. Exp Anim. 2022;71(3):264\u201380.","journal-title":"Exp Anim"},{"issue":"2","key":"4902_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.116","volume":"1","author":"CV Vorhees","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vorhees CV, Williams MT. Morris water maze: procedures for assessing Spatial and related forms of learning and memory. Nat Protoc. 2006;1(2):848\u201358.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"4902_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061777","volume":"12","author":"A-L Dinel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dinel A-L, Lucas C, Guillemet D, Lay\u00e9 S, Pallet V, Joffre C. Chronic supplementation with a mix of Salvia officinalis and Salvia Lavandulaefolia improves Morris water maze learning in normal adult C57Bl\/6J mice. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1777.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-00971-7","volume":"30","author":"M Akbarian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akbarian M, Mirzavi F, Amirahmadi S, Hosseini M, Alipour M, Feizi H, et al. Amelioration of oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats fed with pomegranate seed. Inflammopharmacology. 2022;30(3):1021\u201335.","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4902_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2005.06.010","volume":"22","author":"M Eidi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eidi M, Eidi A, Bahar M. Effects of Salvia officinalis L.(sage) leaves on memory retention and its interaction with the cholinergic system in rats. Nutrition. 2006;22(3):321\u20136.","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"4902_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.01.041","volume":"511","author":"M Sharifzadeh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sharifzadeh M, Naghdi N, Khosrovani S, Ostad SN, Sharifzadeh K, Roghani A. Post-training intrahippocampal infusion of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib impaired Spatial memory retention in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005;511(2\u20133):159\u201366.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"4902_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2016.10.002","volume":"127","author":"S Haider","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haider S, Tabassum S, Perveen T. Scopolamine-induced greater alterations in neurochemical profile and increased oxidative stress demonstrated a better model of dementia: a comparative study. Brain Res Bull. 2016;127:234\u201347.","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"4902_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596-023-00732-z","volume":"24","author":"J Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee J, Lee S, Jo W, Ji HW, Pyeon M, Moon M, et al. Effect of a Salvia officinalis and Hypericum perforatum mixture on improving memory and cognitive decline. Adv Tradit Med. 2024;24(2):633\u201349.","journal-title":"Adv Tradit Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"4902_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12070894","volume":"12","author":"F Wahid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wahid F, Jan T, Al-Joufi FA, Ali Shah SW, Nisar M, Zahoor M. Amelioration of scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction in experimental mice using the medicinal plant Salvia Moorcroftiana. Brain Sci. 2022;12(7):894.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"4902_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115438","volume":"295","author":"V Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh V, Kaur K, Kaur S, Shri R, Singh TG, Singh M. Trimethoxyflavones from Ocimum basilicum L. leaves improve long term memory in mice by modulating multiple pathways. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;295:115438.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"s1","key":"4902_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S335","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200185","volume":"82","author":"J Lakey-Beitia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lakey-Beitia J, Burillo AM, La Penna G, Hegde ML, Rao K. Polyphenols as potential metal chelation compounds against Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;82(s1):S335\u201357.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"4902_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2021.04.011","volume":"10","author":"K Randhawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Randhawa K, Singh V, Kaur S, Kaur R, Kumar S, Shri R. Isolation of Pleurotus florida derived acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in mice. Food Sci Hum Wellness. 2021;10(4):490\u20136.","journal-title":"Food Sci Hum Wellness"}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T11:03:18Z","timestamp":1747479798000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04902-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Experimental research and field studies on plants, including the collection of plant material, comply with relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines and legislation. Animal treatment and maintenance were carried out in strict compliance with the \u201cInstitutional Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals\u201d guidelines and were approved by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Ethical Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (approval ID: IR.TUMS.TIPS.REC.1398.153 at January 4th 2020).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"181"}}