{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T13:03:19Z","timestamp":1782392599838,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-KH139287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH139287"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Med Ther"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:27:26Z","timestamp":1762252046000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interaction between rasagiline and Pueraria radix in in vitro models of parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Eugene","family":"Huh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungmin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Sook","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"5154_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7","volume":"15","author":"A Ascherio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA. The epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease: risk factors and prevention. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(12):1257\u201372.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"16","key":"5154_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3654","volume":"311","author":"BS Connolly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Connolly BS, Lang AE. Pharmacological treatment of Parkinson disease: a review. JAMA. 2014;311(16):1670\u201383.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"5154_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233736","volume":"11","author":"DK Kwon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kwon DK, Kwatra M, Wang J, Ko HS. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia in parkinson\u2019s disease: pathogenesis and emerging treatment strategies. Cells. 2022;11:23.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"6","key":"5154_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360","volume":"323","author":"MJ Armstrong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Armstrong MJ, Okun MS. Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: a review. JAMA. 2020;323(6):548\u201360.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"5154_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2015-0008","volume":"26","author":"DV Moretti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moretti DV. Are there treatments for atypical parkinsonism? An update on actual options. Rev Neurosci. 2015;26(5):547\u201353.","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10349-x","volume":"52","author":"MO Oyovwi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Oyovwi MO, Udi OA, Atere AD, Joseph GU, Ogbutor UG. Molecular pathways: the quest for effective MAO-B inhibitors in neurodegenerative therapy. Mol Biol Rep. 2025;52(1):240.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"5154_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-025-12915-6","volume":"272","author":"R Reese","year":"2025","unstructured":"Reese R, Koeglsperger T, Schrader C, Tonges L, Deuschl G, Kuhn AA, et al. Invasive therapies for parkinson\u2019s disease: an adapted excerpt from the guidelines of the German society of neurology. J Neurol. 2025;272(3):219.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5154_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27360","volume":"33","author":"AE Lang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lang AE, Espay AJ. Disease modification in Parkinson\u2019s disease: current approaches, challenges, and future considerations. Mov Disord. 2018;33(5):660\u201377.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"5154_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu L, Xu Z, Cheng M, Lin W, Qiu W, Xiao X. MSEDDI: Multi-Scale embedding for predicting Drug-Drug interaction events. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4500.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24054500.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054500"},{"issue":"3","key":"5154_CR10","first-page":"467","volume":"3","author":"S Lecht","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lecht S, Haroutiunian S, Hoffman A, Lazarovici P. Rasagiline - a novel MAO B inhibitor in parkinson\u2019s disease therapy. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2007;3(3):467\u201374.","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"5154_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.152954","volume":"60","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li J, Long X, Hu J, Bi J, Zhou T, Guo X, et al. Multiple pathways for natural product treatment of parkinson\u2019s disease: a mini review. Phytomedicine. 2019;60:152954.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200217666160709204826","volume":"18","author":"M Solayman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Solayman M, Islam MA, Alam F, Khalil MI, Kamal MA, Gan SH. Natural products combating neurodegeneration: Parkinson\u2019s disease. Curr Drug Metab. 2017;18(1):50\u201361.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"5154_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16149","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16149","volume":"11","author":"S Czigle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Czigle S, Nagy M, Mladenka P, Toth J, Oemonom. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions-part I. Herbal medicines of the central nervous system. PeerJ. 2023;11:e16149.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"7","key":"5154_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5083","volume":"28","author":"YX Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou YX, Zhang H, Peng C. Puerarin: a review of Pharmacological effects. Phytother Res. 2014;28(7):961\u201375.","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"5154_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.07.013","volume":"173","author":"MM Haque Bhuiyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haque Bhuiyan MM, Mohibbullah M, Hannan MA, Hong YK, Han CH, Kim YK, et al. The neuritogenic and synaptogenic effects of the ethanolic extract of radix puerariae in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;173:172\u201382.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5154_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X19500757","volume":"47","author":"HJ Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang HJ, Huang CY, Lee M, Lin JY, Hsieh-Li HM. Puerariae radix prevents anxiety and cognitive deficits in mice under oligomeric Abeta-Induced stress. Am J Chin Med. 2019;47(7):1459\u201381.","journal-title":"Am J Chin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2012.742518","volume":"47","author":"Y Zou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zou Y, Hong B, Fan L, Zhou L, Liu Y, Wu Q, et al. Protective effect of puerarin against beta-amyloid-induced oxidative stress in neuronal cultures from rat hippocampus: involvement of the GSK-3beta\/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Free Radic Res. 2013;47(1):55\u201363.","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"5154_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.772485","volume":"12","author":"M Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng M, Zhou M, Chen M, Lu Y, Shi D, Wang J, et al. Neuroprotective effect of Daidzein extracted from pueraria lobate radix in a stroke model via the Akt\/mTOR\/BDNF channel. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:772485.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"5154_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.02.009","volume":"643","author":"H Hongyun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hongyun H, Tao G, Pengyue Z, Liqiang Y, Yihao D. Puerarin provides a neuroprotection against transient cerebral ischemia by attenuating autophagy at the ischemic penumbra in neurons but not in astrocytes. Neurosci Lett. 2017;643:45\u201351.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"5154_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.14155","volume":"46","author":"R Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li R, Robinson M, Ding X, Geetha T, Al-Nakkash L, Broderick TL, et al. Genistein: a focus on several neurodegenerative diseases. J Food Biochem. 2022;46(7):e14155.","journal-title":"J Food Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00792-7","volume":"17","author":"N Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim N, Do J, Ju IG, Jeon SH, Lee JK, Oh MS. Picrorhiza kurroa prevents memory deficits by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and BACE1 expression in 5xFAD mice. Neurotherapeutics. 2020;17(1):189\u201399.","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"5154_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi JG, Park G, Kim HG, Oh DS, Kim H, Oh MS. In Vitro and in Vivo Neuroprotective Effects of Walnut (Juglandis Semen) in Models of Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(1):108.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17010108"},{"key":"5154_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2024.106005","volume":"104","author":"YJ Choi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Choi YJ, Wu X, Lee S, Pyo JS, Cho J, Cao S, et al. Protective effects of Methylnissolin and Methylnissolin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside on TNF-alpha-induced inflammation in human dermal fibroblasts. Toxicol Vitro. 2025;104:106005.","journal-title":"Toxicol Vitro"},{"issue":"2","key":"5154_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-1947","volume":"70","author":"TC Chou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chou TC. Drug combination studies and their synergy quantification using the Chou-Talalay method. Cancer Res. 2010;70(2):440\u20136.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"5154_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crphar.2022.100110","volume":"3","author":"D Duarte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duarte D, Vale N. Evaluation of synergism in drug combinations and reference models for future orientations in oncology. Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov. 2022;3:100110.","journal-title":"Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov"},{"issue":"7","key":"5154_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2015.1115868","volume":"42","author":"R Pingili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pingili R, Vemulapalli S, Mullapudi SS, Nuthakki S, Pendyala S, Kilaru N. Pharmacokinetic interaction study between flavanones (hesperetin, naringenin) and Rasagiline mesylate in Wistar rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2016;42(7):1110\u20137.","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"24","key":"5154_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)00885-7","volume":"67","author":"MC Guerra","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guerra MC, Speroni E, Broccoli M, Cangini M, Pasini P, Minghett A, et al. Comparison between Chinese medical herb pueraria Lobata crude extract and its main isoflavone puerarin antioxidant properties and effects on rat liver CYP-catalysed drug metabolism. Life Sci. 2000;67(24):2997\u20133006.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"9198","key":"5154_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)06457-0","volume":"355","author":"A Fugh-Berman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fugh-Berman A. Herb-drug interactions. Lancet. 2000;355(9198):134\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.121.000420","volume":"50","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Man Ip C, Lai YS, Zuo Z. Overview of current herb-drug interaction databases. Drug Metab Dispos. 2022;50(1):86\u201394.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"1","key":"5154_CR30","first-page":"97","volume":"6","author":"N Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang N, Fu JN, Chou TC. Synergistic combination of microtubule targeting anticancer Fludelone with cytoprotective Panaxytriol derived from Panax ginseng against MX-1 cells in vitro: experimental design and data analysis using the combination index method. Am J Cancer Res. 2016;6(1):97\u2013104.","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"5154_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115437","volume":"295","author":"L Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin L, Wang Y, Shao S, Lin W, Huang D, Dai Y, et al. Herb-drug interaction between Shaoyao-Gancao-Fuzi decoction and Tofacitinib via CYP450 enzymes. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;295:115437.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5154_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2020.1738454","volume":"45","author":"AK Sharma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma AK, Kapoor VK, Kaur G. Herb-drug interactions: a mechanistic approach. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2022;45(2):594\u2013603.","journal-title":"Drug Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"5154_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2021.103342","volume":"166","author":"P Gougis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gougis P, Hilmi M, Geraud A, Mir O, Funck-Brentano C. Potential cytochrome P450-mediated pharmacokinetic interactions between herbs, food, and dietary supplements and cancer treatments. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021;166:103342.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"5154_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-9959-6_10","volume-title":"Biomaterials and neurodegenerative disorders","author":"C Prajapati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prajapati C, Tripathi PN, Sood S, Rai SN, Mishra SS, Singh SK, et al. Intellectual property rights in neuroprotective biomaterials. In: Kumar G, Mukherjee S, Kumar S, editors. Biomaterials and neurodegenerative disorders. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2025. pp. 251\u201369."},{"key":"5154_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-9959-6_4","volume-title":"Biomaterials and neurodegenerative disorders","author":"K Ramakrishna","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ramakrishna K, Viswanadh MK, Dumala N, Chakravarth G, Venkateswarlu K, Gutti G, et al. Advanced biomaterials in neuroprotection: innovations and clinical applications. In: Kumar G, Mukherjee S, Kumar S, editors. Biomaterials and neurodegenerative disorders. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2025. pp. 69\u201392."}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T22:27:44Z","timestamp":1762295264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-025-05154-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"An experiment using SD rats was performed in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publications No. 80\u2009\u2212\u200923) revised in 1996. The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kyung Hee University (KHUASP(SE)-19-008).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"409"}}