{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:56:00Z","timestamp":1780480560468,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To assess whether Swiss general ophthalmologists have the minimal keratoconus knowledge that corneal specialists would expect them to have.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Corneal specialists defined \u201cminimal keratoconus knowledge\u201d (MKK) with respect to definition, risk factors, symptoms and possible treatment options of keratoconus. A telephone interview survey was conducted among one hundred ophthalmologists (mean age 51.9 years (SD 9.5), 60\u2009% male) from the German-speaking part of Switzerland. For each participant, years of work experience, number of keratoconus patients seen per year and access to a topography device were obtained. We calculated the proportion of MKK and examined in multivariate analyses whether ophthalmologists with access to topography and with greater work experience performed better than other groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No single ophthalmologist had MKK. The mean MKK was 52.0\u2009%, and the range was 28.6\u201381.0\u2009%. Per 10 years of working in private practice, the MKK decreased by 8.1\u2009% points (95\u2009% CI: -14.2, -2.00; p\u2009=\u20090.01). Only 24\u2009% of participants correctly recalled the definition of keratoconus, 9\u2009% all risk factors, 5\u2009% all symptoms and 20\u2009% all treatment modalities. The MKK values were not associated with the number of keratoconus patients seen per year and the availability of topography to diagnose keratoconus.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There is a substantial mismatch between corneal specialist\u2019 expectations and general ophthalmologists\u2019 knowledge about keratoconus. The low recall of symptoms and risk factors may explain why ophthalmologists diagnose relatively few cases of keratoconus, resulting in inefficient care delivery and delayed intervention.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-021-02738-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T23:04:51Z","timestamp":1621897491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Mismatch of corneal specialists\u2019 expectations and keratoconus knowledge in general ophthalmologists - a prospective observational study in Switzerland"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Philipp B.","family":"Baenninger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas M.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja C.","family":"Iselin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver A.","family":"Pfaeffli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Gigerenzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2738_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000408","volume":"34","author":"JA Gomes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gomes JA, Tan D, Rapuano CJ, Belin MW, Ambr\u00f3sio R, Jr., Guell JL, Malecaze F, Nishida K, Sangwan VS: Global consensus on keratoconus and ectatic diseases. 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All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compeitng interests"}}],"article-number":"297"}}