{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:14:29Z","timestamp":1792498469558,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015759","name":"GE Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["28045607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["28045607"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015759","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A well-qualified workforce is critical to effective functioning of health systems and populations; however, skill gaps present a challenge in low-resource settings. While an emerging body of evidence suggests that mentorship can improve quality, access, and systems in African health settings by building the capacity of health providers, less is known about its implementation in surgery. We studied a novel surgical mentorship intervention as part of a safe surgery intervention (Safe Surgery 2020) in five rural Ethiopian facilities to understand factors affecting implementation of surgical mentorship in resource\u2013constrained settings.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We designed a convergent mixed-methods study to understand the experiences of mentees, mentors, hospital leaders, and external stakeholders with the mentorship intervention. Quantitative data was collected through a survey (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925) and qualitative data through in-depth interviews (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926) in 2018 to gather information on (1) intervention characteristics including areas of mentorship, mentee-mentor relationships, and mentor characteristics, (2) organizational context including facilitators and barriers to implementation, (3) perceived impact, and (4) respondent characteristics. We analyzed the quantitative and qualitative data using frequency analysis and the constant comparison method, respectively; we integrated findings to identify themes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All mentees (100%) experienced the intervention as positive. Participants perceived impact as: safer and more frequent surgical procedures, collegial bonds between mentees and mentors, empowerment among mentees, and a culture of continuous learning. Over 70% of all mentees reported their confidence and job satisfaction increased. Supportive intervention characteristics included a systems focus, psychologically safe mentee-mentor relationships, and mentor characteristics including generosity with time and knowledge, understanding of local context, and interpersonal skills. Supportive organizational context included a receptive implementation climate. Intervention challenges included insufficient clinical training, inadequate mentor support, and inadequate dose. Organizational context challenges included resource constraints and a lack of common understanding of the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We offer lessons for intervention designers, policy makers, and practitioners about optimizing surgical mentorship interventions in resource-constrained settings. We attribute the intervention\u2019s success to its holistic approach, a receptive climate, and effective mentee-mentor relationships. These qualities, along with policy support and adapting the intervention through user feedback are important for successful implementation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T16:04:37Z","timestamp":1661961877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Implementing surgical mentorship in a resource-constrained context: a mixed methods assessment of the experiences of mentees, mentors, and leaders, and lessons learned"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4403-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shehnaz","family":"Alidina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2387-001X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meaghan M.","family":"Sydlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7220-3283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Ahearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bizuayehu G.","family":"Andualem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Barash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sehrish","family":"Bari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Barringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0018-9096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abebe","family":"Bekele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9503-4059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andualem D.","family":"Beyene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel G.","family":"Burssa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miliard","family":"Derbew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Drown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dereje","family":"Gulilat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruwork K.","family":"Gultie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8736-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuna C.","family":"Hayirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4369-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John G.","family":"Meara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7588-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven J.","family":"Staffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson E.","family":"Workineh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4033-3689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor","family":"Zanial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zebenay B.","family":"Zeleke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham E.","family":"Mengistu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8176-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tigistu A.","family":"Ashengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"3691_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60279-2","volume":"371","author":"D Ozgediz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ozgediz D, Kijjambu S, Galukande M, Dubowitz G, Mabweijano J, Mijumbi C, et al. Africa\u2019s neglected surgical workforce crisis. Lancet. 2008;371:627\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60279-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3691_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2324-y","volume":"38","author":"M Hoyler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoyler M, Finlayson SR, McClain CD, Meara JG, Hagander L. Shortage of doctors, shortage of data: a review of the global surgery, obstetrics, and anesthesia workforce literature. World J Surg. 2014;38:269\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2324-y.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60160-X","volume":"386","author":"JG Meara","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meara JG, Leather AJ, Hagander L, Alkire BC, Alonso N, Ameh EA, et al. Global Surgery 2030: evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare, and economic development. Lancet. 2015;386:569\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60160-X.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3691_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schwerdtle P, Morphet J, Hall H. A scoping review of mentorship of health personnel to improve the quality of health care in low and middle-income countries. Global Health;13:77. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12992-017-0301-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-017-0301-1"},{"key":"3691_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-021-00652-6","volume":"19","author":"S Alidina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alidina S, Tibyehabwa L, Alreja SS, et al. A multimodal mentorship intervention to improve surgical quality in Tanzania\u2019s Lake Zone: a convergent, mixed methods assessment. Hum Resour Health. 2021;19:115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12960-021-00652-6.","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"3691_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S228951","volume":"12","author":"GT Feyissa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Feyissa GT, Balabanova D, Woldie M. How effective are mentoring programs for improving health worker competence and institutional performance in Africa? A systematic review of quantitative evidence. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2019;12:989\u20131005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JMDH.S228951.","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"key":"3691_CR7","volume-title":"Human development report 2020: the next frontier \u2013 human development and the Anthropocene","author":"P Conceicao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conceicao P. Human development report 2020: the next frontier \u2013 human development and the Anthropocene. 2020. http:\/\/hdr.undp.org\/sites\/default\/files\/hdr2020.pdf."},{"key":"3691_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70349-3","volume":"2","author":"H Holmer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Holmer H, Lantz A, Kunjumen T, Finlayson S, Hoyler M, Siyam A, et al. Global distribution of surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and obstetricians. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;2:S9-11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70349-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"3691_CR9","unstructured":"Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia National Safe Surgery Strategic Plan. Saving Lives Through Safe Surgery. 2017. https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/56b8ed53b6aa60903fe8e7f5\/t\/5e578777144ced2c2aab85ab\/1582794619980\/2_SaLTS+Strategic+Plan.pdf"},{"key":"3691_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11032","volume":"106","author":"KR Iverson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iverson KR, Garringer K, Ahearn O, Alidina S, Citron I, Esseye S, et al. Mixed-methods assessment of surgical capacity in two regions in Ethiopia. Br J Surg. 2019;106:e81\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.11032.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3038","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-4271-5","volume":"41","author":"D Burssa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Burssa D, Teshome A, Iverson K, Ahearn O, Ashengo T, Barash D, et al. Safe surgery for all: early lessons from implementing a National Government-Driven Surgical Plan in Ethiopia. World J Surg. 2017;41:3038\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-017-4271-5.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1983.4284603","volume":"8","author":"DM Hunt","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hunt DM, Michael C. Mentorship: a career training and development tool. Acad Manag Rev. 1983;8:475\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5465\/amr.1983.4284603.","journal-title":"Acad Manag Rev"},{"key":"3691_CR13","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The science of effective mentorship in STEM. 2020."},{"key":"3691_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318294f368","volume":"88","author":"DT Kashiwagi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kashiwagi DT, Varkey P, Cook DA. Mentoring programs for physicians in academic medicine: a systematic review. Acad Med. 2013;88:1029\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318294f368.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"3691_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.12.002","volume":"353","author":"SA Geraci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Geraci SA, Thigpen SC. A review of mentoring in academic medicine. Am J Med Sci. 2017;353:151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.12.002.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"3691_CR16","volume-title":"Influential mentors: a guidebook for building mentoring skills and capacity","author":"DL Comeau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Comeau DL, Derbew MD, Mariam DH. Influential mentors: a guidebook for building mentoring skills and capacity. 2019."},{"issue":"9","key":"3691_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.9.1103","volume":"296","author":"D Sambunjak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sambunjak D, Straus SE, Marusi\u0107 A. Mentoring in academic medicine: a systematic review. JAMA. 2006;296(9):1103\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.296.9.1103.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3691_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-011-9379-8","volume":"7","author":"P Entezami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Entezami P, Franzblau LE, Chung KC. Mentorship in surgical training: a systematic review. Hand (N Y). 2012;7:30\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11552-011-9379-8.","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"3691_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2774-x","volume":"39","author":"P Sinclair","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sinclair P, Fitzgerald JE, Hornby ST, Shalhoub J. Mentorship in surgical training: current status and a needs assessment for future mentoring programs in surgery. World J Surg. 2015;39:303\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-014-2774-x discussion 314.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2019.09.039","volume":"246","author":"D El-Gabri","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Gabri D, McDow AD, Quamme SP, Hooper-Lane C, Greenberg CC, Long KL. Surgical coaching for advancement of global surgical skills and capacity: a systematic review. J Surg Res. 2020;246:499\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2019.09.039.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3691_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.06.013","volume":"121","author":"A Conradie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Conradie A, Duys R, Forget P, Biccard BM. Barriers to clinical research in Africa: a quantitative and qualitative survey of clinical researchers in 27 African countries. Br J Anaesth. 2018;121(4):813\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2018.06.013 Epub 2018 Jul 19 PMID: 30236243.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"3691_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0556","volume":"100","author":"AG Lescano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lescano AG, Cohen CR, Raj T, Rispel L, Garcia PJ, Zunt JR, et al. Strengthening mentoring in low- and middle-income countries to advance global health research: an overview. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;100:3\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0556.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"5","key":"3691_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.02.006","volume":"170","author":"C Are","year":"2021","unstructured":"Are C, Senthil M, Jayaryaman S, Wenos C, Pramesh CS, D\u2019Ugo D, Charles A. Promoting surgical research in the Global South. Surgery. 2021;170(5):1587\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2021.02.006 Epub 2021 Mar 10 PMID: 33712308.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1_Suppl","key":"3691_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0563","volume":"100","author":"B Hansoti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hansoti B, Kalbarczyk A, Hosseinipour MC, Prabhakaran D, Tucker JD, Nachega J, Wallis L, Stiles JK, Wynn A, Morroni C. Global health mentoring toolkits: a scoping review relevant for low- and middle-income country institutions. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;100(1_Suppl):48\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0563.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"3691_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2656-7","volume":"17","author":"A Manzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manzi A, Hirschhorn LR, Sherr K, Chirwa C, Baynes C, Awoonor-Williams JK, AHI PHIT Partnership Collaborative. Mentorship and coaching to support strengthening healthcare systems: lessons learned across the five population health implementation and training partnership projects in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17:831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-017-2656-7.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"3691_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2005.00373.x","volume":"14","author":"KJ Klein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klein KJ, Knight AP. Innovation implementation: overcoming the challenge. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2005;14(5):243\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3691_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0887-378X.2004.00325.x","volume":"82","author":"T Greenhalgh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Greenhalgh T, Robert G, Macfarlane F, Bate P, Kyriakidou O. Diffusion of innovations in service organizations: systematic review and recommendations. Milbank Q. 2004;82(4):581\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0887-378X.2004.00325.x.","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"issue":"4","key":"3691_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","volume":"7","author":"LJ Damschroder","year":"2009","unstructured":"Damschroder LJ, Aron DC, Keith RE, Kirsh SR, Alexander JA, Lowery JC. Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implement Sci. 2009;7(4):50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3691_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.7.3.149","volume":"7","author":"A Kitson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kitson A, Harvey G, McCormack B. Enabling the implementation of evidence based practice: a conceptual framework. Qual Health Care. 1998;7(3):149\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/qshc.7.3.149.","journal-title":"Qual Health Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"3691_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.5.811","volume":"86","author":"KJ Klein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Klein KJ, Conn AB, Sorra JS. Implementing computerized technology: an organizational analysis. J Appl Psychol. 2001;86(5):811\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-9010.86.5.811.","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"14","key":"3691_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-14-275","volume":"20","author":"A Manzi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manzi A, Magge H, Hedt-Gauthier BL, Michaelis AP, Cyamatare FR, Nyirazinyoye L, Hirschhorn LR, Ntaganira J. Clinical mentorship to improve pediatric quality of care at the health centers in rural Rwanda: a qualitative study of perceptions and acceptability of health care workers. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;20(14):275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6963-14-275.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"3691_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzn042","volume":"20","author":"E Bradley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bradley E, Hartwig KA, Rowe LA, Cherlin EJ, Pashman J, Wong R, Dentry T, Wood WE, Abebe Y. Hospital quality improvement in Ethiopia: a partnership-mentoring model. Int J Qual Health Care. 2008;20(6):392\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intqhc\/mzn042 Epub 2008 Sep 10.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"3691_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2012.10.003","volume":"61","author":"M Anatole","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anatole M, Magge H, Redditt V, Karamaga A, Niyonzima S, Drobac P, Mukherjee JS, Ntaganira J, Nyirazinyoye L, Hirschhorn LR. Nurse mentorship to improve the quality of health care delivery in rural Rwanda. Nurs Outlook. 2013;61(3):137\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.outlook.2012.10.003 Epub 2012 Nov 16.","journal-title":"Nurs Outlook"},{"issue":"6","key":"3691_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305863","volume":"100","author":"H Magge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Magge H, Anatole M, Cyamatare FR, Mezzacappa C, Nkikabahizi F, Niyonzima S, Drobac PC, Ngabo F, Hirschhorn LR. Mentoring and quality improvement strengthen integrated management of childhood illness implementation in rural Rwanda. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(6):565\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305863 Epub 2014 May 12.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"3691_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2656-7","volume":"17","author":"A Manzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manzi A, Hirschhorn LR, Sherr K, Chirwa C, Baynes C, Awoonor-Williams JK, AHI PHIT Partnership Collaborative. Mentorship and coaching to support strengthening healthcare systems: lessons learned across the five population health implementation and training partnership projects in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(Suppl 3):831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-017-2656-7.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"3691_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-11-53","volume":"29","author":"D Nakanjako","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakanjako D, Byakika-Kibwika P, Kintu K, Aizire J, Nakwagala F, Luzige S, Namisi C, Mayanja-Kizza H, Kamya MR. Mentorship needs at academic institutions in resource-limited settings: a survey at Makerere University College of Health Sciences. BMC Med Educ. 2011;29(11):53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6920-11-53.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"3691_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-0962-8","volume":"17","author":"AS Ssemata","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ssemata AS, Gladding S, John CC, Kiguli S. Developing mentorship in a resource-limited context: a qualitative research study of the experiences and perceptions of the makerere university student and faculty mentorship programme. BMC Med Educ. 2017;17(1):123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-017-0962-8.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"3691_CR38","unstructured":"National SaLTS Mentorship Guideline. Ministry of Health of Ethiopia. 2017."},{"key":"3691_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Creswell JW, Klassen AC, Plano Clark VL, Smith KC. Best practices for mixed methods research in the health sciences. Vol. 2013. Bethesda (Maryland): National Institutes of Health;2011. p.541-5.","DOI":"10.1037\/e566732013-001"},{"key":"3691_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Curry LA, Krumholz HM, O\u2019Cathain A, Clark VL, Cherlin E, Bradley EH. Mixed methods in biomedical and health services research. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes.\u00a02013;6(1):119-23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967885.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967885"},{"key":"3691_CR41","volume-title":"Mixed methods in health sciences research: a practical primer","author":"L Curry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Curry L, Nunez-Smith M. Mixed methods in health sciences research: a practical primer. Thousand Oaks: Sage publications; 2014."},{"key":"3691_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","volume":"19","author":"A Tong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19:349\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"3691_CR43","volume-title":"Qualitative research and evaluation methods","author":"MQ Patton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Patton MQ. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications; 2002.","edition":"3"},{"key":"3691_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-013-0528-y","volume":"42","author":"LA Palinkas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palinkas LA, Horwitz SM, Green CA, Wisdom JP, Duan N, Hoagwood K. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research. 2015;42:533\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10488-013-0528-y.","journal-title":"Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research"},{"issue":"13","key":"3691_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444","volume":"26","author":"K Malterud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malterud K, Siersma VD, Guassora AD. Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual Health Res. 2016;26(13):1753\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732315617444 Epub 2016 Jul 10.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"3691_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.742775","volume":"119","author":"LA Curry","year":"2009","unstructured":"Curry LA, Nembhard IM, Bradley EH. Qualitative and mixed methods provide unique contributions to outcomes research. Circulation. 2009;119:1442\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.742775.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"3691_CR47","volume-title":"Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory","author":"J Corbin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks: Sage publications; 2014."},{"issue":"4","key":"3691_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344","volume":"27","author":"MM Hennink","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hennink MM, Kaiser BN, Marconi VC. Code saturation versus meaning saturation: how many interviews are enough? Qual Health Res. 2017;27(4):591\u2013608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732316665344 Epub 2016 Sep 26 PMID: 27670770.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"3691_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh ML. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2012;22:276\u201382.","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"3691_CR50","volume-title":"Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches","author":"J Creswell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Creswell J. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches. Los Angeles: SAGE; 2013."},{"key":"3691_CR51","volume-title":"Qualitative data analysis: a methods sourcebook","author":"MB Miles","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miles MB, Huberman AM, Salda\u00f1a J. Qualitative data analysis: a methods sourcebook. 3rd ed. London: SAGE; 2014.","edition":"3"},{"key":"3691_CR52","volume-title":"The coding manual for qualitative researchers","author":"J Salda\u00f1a","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salda\u00f1a J. The coding manual for qualitative researchers. London: SAGE; 2016."},{"issue":"1","key":"3691_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-017-0492-5","volume":"17","author":"K Judson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Judson K, Courtright P, Ravilla T, Khanna R, Bassett K. Impact of systematic capacity building on cataract surgical service development in 25 hospitals. BMC Ophthalmol. 2017;17(1):96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-017-0492-5.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3691_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-019-0409-6","volume":"5","author":"C Pittalis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pittalis C, Brugha R, Crispino G, Bijlmakers L, Mwapasa G, Lavy C, et al. Evaluation of a surgical supervision model in three African countries-protocol for a prospective mixed-methods controlled pilot trial. Pilot Feasibility Study. 2019;5:25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40814-019-0409-6.","journal-title":"Pilot Feasibility Study"},{"key":"3691_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzab087","volume":"29","author":"S Alidina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alidina S, Menon G, Staffa SJ, Alreja S, Barash D, Barringer E, et al. Outcomes of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention in Tanzania\u2019s Lake Zone: a prospective, longitudinal study. Int J Qual Health Care. 2021;29:33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intqhc\/mzab087.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"3691_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alidina S, Chatterjee P, Zanial N, Alreja SS, Balira R, Barash D, et al. Improving surgical quality in low-income and middle-income countries: why do some health facilities perform better than others? BMJ Qual Saf. 2021:bmjqs-2020\u2013011795.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjqs-2020-011795. Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2020-011795"},{"key":"3691_CR57","unstructured":"Impact report: improving access to safe surgery for millions of people around the World. Safe Surgery 2020. Available at: https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/56b8ed53b6aa60903fe8e7f5\/t\/5fc10959bc819f1cf4fca839\/1606486377446\/SafeSurgery+Report_covid19_nov26.pdf. Accessed 3 Feb\u00a0\u00a02021."},{"issue":"2","key":"3691_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2307\/2666999","volume":"44","author":"A Edmondson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Edmondson A. Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Adm Sci Q. 1999;44(2):350\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2666999.","journal-title":"Adm Sci Q"},{"key":"3691_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6486.00386","volume":"40","author":"AC Edmondson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Edmondson AC. Speaking up in the operating room: how team leaders promote learning in interdisciplinary action teams. J Manag Stud. 2003;40:1419\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-6486.00386.","journal-title":"J Manag Stud"},{"key":"3691_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2307\/41166164","volume":"45","author":"AC Edmondson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Edmondson AC. Framing for learning: lessons in successful technology implementation. Calif Manage Rev. 2003;45:34\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/41166164.","journal-title":"Calif Manage Rev"},{"key":"3691_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrmr.2017.01.001","volume":"27","author":"A Newman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Newman A, Donohue R, Eva N. Psychological safety: a systematic review of the literature. Hum Resour Manag Rev. 2017;27:521\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrmr.2017.01.001.","journal-title":"Hum Resour Manag Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"3691_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51319","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051319","volume":"7","author":"MR Weaver","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weaver MR, Crozier I, Eleku S, et al. Capacity-building and clinical competence in infectious disease in Uganda: a mixed-design study with pre\/post and cluster-randomized trial components. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(12):e51319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0051319.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3691_CR63","unstructured":"WHO recommendations for clinical mentoring to support scale-up of HIV care, antiretroviral therapy and prevention in resource-constrained settings. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/guidelines\/clinicalmentoring.pdf?ua=1"},{"key":"3691_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0796-4","volume":"16","author":"X Xiong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiong X, Carter R, Lusamba-Dikassa PS, Kuburhanwa EC, Kimanuka F, Salumu F, et al. Improving the quality of maternal and newborn health outcomes through a clinical mentorship program in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: study protocol. Reprod Health. 2019;16:147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-019-0796-4.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3691_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v1i1.6","volume":"1","author":"T Maruta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maruta T, Motebang D, Mathabo L, Rotz PJ, Wanyoike J, Peter T. Impact of mentorship on WHO-AFRO Strengthening Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA). Afr J Lab Med. 2012;1(1):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/ajlm.v1i1.6.","journal-title":"Afr J Lab Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3691_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203, 6","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v3i2.203","volume":"3","author":"S Nkwawir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nkwawir S, Batumani N, Maruta T, Awasom C. From grass to grace: how SLMTA revolutionised the Bamenda Regional Hospital Laboratory in Cameroon. Afr J Lab Med. 2014;3(2):203, 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/ajlm.v3i2.203.","journal-title":"Afr J Lab Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3691_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.06.062","volume":"132","author":"JH Tang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang JH, Kaliti C, Bengtson A, Hayat S, Chimala E, MacLeod R, et al. Improvement and retention of emergency obstetrics and neonatal care knowledge and skills in a hospital mentorship program in Lilongwe. Malawi Int j Gynaecol Obstetr. 2016;132(2):240\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.06.062.","journal-title":"Malawi Int j Gynaecol Obstetr"},{"key":"3691_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/aet2.10125","volume":"3","author":"K Douglass","year":"2018","unstructured":"Douglass K, Williams A. Faculty development program for emergency medicine physicians in India: a pilot program. AEM Educ Train. 2018;3:33\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aet2.10125.","journal-title":"AEM Educ Train"},{"key":"3691_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000413","volume":"89","author":"HME Belcher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Belcher HME, Piggott DA, Sanders RA, Trent M. Research accountability groups and mentoring minutes: the M3 approach to promote public health infectious diseases research for diverse graduate students. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2019;89:390\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/ort0000413.","journal-title":"Am J Orthopsychiatry"},{"key":"3691_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz083","volume":"22","author":"CD Di Frances","year":"2020","unstructured":"Di Frances CD, Childs E, Fetterman JL, Villanti AC, Stanton CA, Russo AR, et al. Implementing and evaluating a mentor training to improve support for early-career scholars in tobacco regulatory science. Nicotine Tob Res. 2020;22:1041\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntz083.","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"3691_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1017\/cts.2019.368","volume":"3","author":"AM Weber-Main","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weber-Main AM, Shanedling J, Kaizer AM, Connett J, Lamere M, El-Fakahany EE. A randomized controlled pilot study of the University of Minnesota mentoring excellence training academy: a hybrid learning approach to research mentor training. J Clin Transl Sci. 2019;3:152\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cts.2019.368.","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Sci"},{"key":"3691_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19378","DOI":"10.2196\/19378","volume":"22","author":"M van der Windt","year":"2020","unstructured":"van der Windt M, van der Kleij RM, Snoek KM, Willemsen SP, Dykgraaf RHM, Laven JSE, et al. Impact of a blended periconception lifestyle care approach on lifestyle behaviors: before-and-after study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22:e19378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/19378.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3691_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-20-00421","volume":"9","author":"I Hossain","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hossain I, Mugoya I, Muchai L, et al. Blended learning using peer mentoring and WhatsApp for building capacity of health workers for strengthening immunization services in Kenya. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2021;9(1):201\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9745\/GHSP-D-20-00421.","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"key":"3691_CR74","unstructured":"Mentoring for Human Capacity Development: Implementation Principles and Guidance. USAID. 2018. https:\/\/www.mcsprogram.org\/resource\/mentoring-human-capacity-development-implementation-principles-guidance\/."},{"key":"3691_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-010-0327-7","volume":"38","author":"GA Aarons","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aarons GA, Hurlburt M, Horwitz SM. Advancing a conceptual model of evidence-based practice implementation in public service sectors. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011;38:4\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10488-010-0327-7.","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health"},{"key":"3691_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-018-0842-6","volume":"14","author":"JC Moullin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moullin JC, Dickson KS, Stadnick NA, et al. Systematic review of the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework. Implement Sci. 2019;14:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-018-0842-6.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"3691_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182777fa4","volume":"257","author":"AC Kwok","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kwok AC, Funk LM, Baltaga R, Lipsitz SR, Merry AF, Dziekan G, Cionau G, Berry WR, Gawande AA. Implementation of the World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist, including introduction of pulse oximetry, in a resource-limited Setting. Ann Surg. 2013;257:633\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182777fa4.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.3848","volume":"150","author":"RY Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim RY, Kwakye G, Kwok AC, Baltaga R, Ciobanu G, Merry AF, et al. Sustainability and long-term effectiveness of the WHO surgical safety checklist combined with pulse oximetry in a resource-limited setting: two-year update from Moldova. JAMA Surg. 2015;150:473\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.3848.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000200","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000200","volume":"6","author":"S Luboga","year":"2009","unstructured":"Luboga S, Macfarlane SB, von Schreeb J, Kruk ME, Cherian MN, Bergstr\u00f6m S, et al. Increasing access to surgical services in sub-saharan Africa: priorities for national and international agencies recommended by the Bellagio Essential Surgery Group. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000200.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"3691_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-3874-1","volume":"41","author":"T Stephens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stephens T, Mezei A, O\u2019Hara NN, Potter J, Mugarura R, Blachut PA, et al. When surgical resources are severely constrained, who receives care? Determinants of access to orthopaedic trauma surgery in Uganda. World J Surg. 2017;41:1415\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-017-3874-1.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14367","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.14367","volume":"13","author":"NN Hoskins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hoskins NN, Cunicelli MA, Hopper W, Zeller R, Cheng N, Lindsey T. The value surgical services bring to critical access hospitals. Cureus. 2021;13:e14367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.14367.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"3691_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105944","volume":"89","author":"TC Hayirli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hayirli TC, Meara JG, Barash D, Chirangi B, Hellar A, Kenemo B, et al. Development and content validation of the safe surgery organizational readiness tool: a quality improvement study. Int J Surg. 2021;89:105944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105944.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"3691_CR83","unstructured":"The Importance of Global Health Research. Unite for Sight.\u00a0http:\/\/www.uniteforsight.org\/global-health-university\/research-importance. Cited 26 June, 2022."},{"issue":"1","key":"3691_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-1","volume":"11","author":"GL Birbeck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Birbeck GL, Wiysonge CS, Mills EJ, Frenk JJ, Zhou XN, Jha P. Global health: the importance of evidence-based medicine. BMC Med. 2013;11(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3691_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2018.27.2.82","volume":"27","author":"D Casey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Casey D, Clark L, Gould K. Developing a digital learning version of a mentorship training programme. Br J Nurs. 2018;27(2):82\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/bjon.2018.27.2.82 PMID: 29368565.","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"key":"3691_CR86","unstructured":"Langat, A. No answer: Kenya\u2019s gender-based violence hotline fails to connect. Devex. 2019. \u00a0https:\/\/www.devex.com\/news\/no-answer-kenya-s-gender-based-violence-hotline-fails-to-connect-93822.\u00a0 Cited 26 June, 2022."},{"key":"3691_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732319889354","volume":"30","author":"N Bergen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bergen N, Labont\u00e9 R. \u201cEverything is perfect, and we have no problems\u201d: detecting and limiting social desirability bias in qualitative research. Qual Health Res. 2020;30:783\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732319889354.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T16:04:52Z","timestamp":1661961892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3691"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-022-03691-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We received ethical approval from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (Ref. 098\/2018). The Institutional Review Board at Harvard Medical School deemed this study \u201cexempt\u201d. As our research posed minimal risk to study participants, a verbal consent process was approved by both IRBs. Before each interview, the participant(s) were provided with information about the study in English or Tigrinya. Consent was obtained in a private room after the potential subject demonstrated an understanding of the study purpose and indicated interest in participating. Consent was verbally given by each participant enrolled which then appears in the interviewee\u2019s transcript. The opening explanation to the survey explained consent and noted that completion of the survey implied consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No individual person\u2019s data is presented in this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Jhpiego, and Dalberg Advisors receive funding from the GE Foundation for the Safe Surgery 2020 project. Shehnaz Alidina, Olivia Ahearn, Tigistu Adamu Ashengo, Erin Barringer, Sehrish Bari, Abebe Beleke, Andualem Beyene, Laura Drown, Teruwork Gultie, Tuna Hayirli, Abraham Endeshaw Mengistu, Meaghan Sydlowski, Samson Essaye Workineh, Noor Zanial, and Zebanay Bitew Zeleke had financial support from GE Foundation for the submitted work. Dereje Gulilat and Andualem Beyene were part of the Surgical Society of Ethiopia which received funding from the GE Foundation for the mentorship intervention. David Barash is employed by GE Foundation, which funded this work. Bizuayehu Gashaw Andualem, Daniel Gebre Michael Burssa, Millard Deribew, Steven J. Staffa, and John G. Meara have nothing to declare. The authors have had no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"653"}}