{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T10:24:42Z","timestamp":1780395882562,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014584","name":"Universit\u00e4tsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014584","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Emergency care of critically ill patients in the trauma room is an integral part of interdisciplinary work in hospitals. Live threatening injuries require swift diagnosis, prioritization, and treatment; thus, different medical specialties need to work together closely for optimal patient care. Training is essential to facilitate smooth performance. This study presents a training tool for familiarization with trauma room algorithms in immersive virtual reality (VR), and a first qualitative assessment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An interdisciplinary team conceptualized two scenarios and filmed these in the trauma room of the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany in 3D-360\u00b0. This video content was used to create an immersive VR experience. Participants of the Department of Anesthesiology were included in the study, questionnaires were obtained and eye movement was recorded.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>31 volunteers participated in the study, of which 10 (32,2%) had completed specialist training in anesthesiology. Participants reported a high rate of immersion (immersion(mean)\u2009=\u20096 out of 7) and low Visually Induced Motion Sickness (VIMS(mean)\u2009=\u20091,74 out of 20). Participants agreed that VR is a useful tool for medical education (mean\u2009=\u20091,26; 1 very useful, 7 not useful at all). Residents felt significantly more secure in the matter after training (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090,05), specialist showed no significant difference.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study presents a novel tool for familiarization with trauma room procedures, which is especially helpful for less experienced residents. Training in VR was well accepted and may be a solution to enhance training in times of low resources for in person training.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T13:02:09Z","timestamp":1721307729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Immersive virtual reality for interdisciplinary trauma management \u2013 initial evaluation of a training tool prototype"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Laura Isabel","family":"Hanke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Vradelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Boedecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Griesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Demare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola Raphaele","family":"Lindemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florentine","family":"Huettl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vuthea","family":"Chheang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Saalfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Wachter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Wollst\u00e4dter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marike","family":"Spranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hauke","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"5764_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-021-00807-2","volume":"116","author":"V Ketter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ketter V, Ruchholtz S, Frink M. [Trauma center management]. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2021;116(5):400\u20134.","journal-title":"Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed"},{"issue":"2","key":"5764_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu236","volume":"113","author":"D Tiel Groenestege-Kreb","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tiel Groenestege-Kreb D, van Maarseveen O, Leenen L. Trauma team. Br J Anaesth. 2014;113(2):258\u201365.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"5764_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004077","volume":"48","author":"R Fernandez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fernandez R, Rosenman ED, Olenick J, Misisco A, Brolliar SM, Chipman AK, et al. Simulation-based Team Leadership Training improves Team Leadership during actual trauma resuscitations: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Crit Care Med. 2020;48(1):73\u201382.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5764_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517717401","volume":"46","author":"Y Hong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hong Y, Cai X. Effect of team training on efficiency of trauma care in a Chinese hospital. J Int Med Res. 2018;46(1):357\u201367.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"5764_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255348","volume":"45","author":"O Happel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Happel O, Papenfuss T, Kranke P. [Training for real: simulation, team-training and communication to improve trauma management]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2010;45(6):408\u201315.","journal-title":"Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"5764_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i34","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2009.038562","volume":"19","author":"R Aggarwal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aggarwal R, Mytton OT, Derbrew M, Hananel D, Heydenburg M, Issenberg B, et al. Training and simulation for patient safety. Qual Saf Health Care. 2010;19(Suppl 2):i34\u201343.","journal-title":"Qual Saf Health Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"5764_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2019.05.002","volume":"76","author":"C McLaughlin","year":"2019","unstructured":"McLaughlin C, Barry W, Barin E, Kysh L, Auerbach MA, Upperman JS, et al. Multidisciplinary Simulation-based Team Training for Trauma Resuscitation: a scoping review. J Surg Educ. 2019;76(6):1669\u201380.","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"5764_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02166-9","volume":"49","author":"A Bento","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bento A, Ferreira L, Y\u00e1nez Benitez C, Koleda P, Fraga GP, Kozera P, et al. Worldwide snapshot of trauma team structure and training: an international survey. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2023;49(4):1771\u201381.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"5764_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"106","author":"B Sch\u00f6ne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6ne B, Wessels M, Gruber T. Experiences in virtual reality: a window to autobiographical memory. Curr Psychol. 2019;106:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5764_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29080","DOI":"10.2196\/29080","volume":"9","author":"S Barteit","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barteit S, Lanfermann L, B\u00e4rnighausen T, Neuhann F, Beiersmann C. Augmented, mixed, and virtual reality-based head-mounted devices for Medical Education: systematic review. JMIR Serious Games. 2021;9(3):e29080.","journal-title":"JMIR Serious Games"},{"issue":"1","key":"5764_CR11","first-page":"48","volume":"10","author":"S Behmadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Behmadi S, Asadi F, Okhovati M, Ershad Sarabi R. Virtual reality-based medical education versus lecture-based method in teaching start triage lessons in emergency medical students: virtual reality in medical education. J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2022;10(1):48\u201353.","journal-title":"J Adv Med Educ Prof"},{"key":"5764_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clay V, K\u00f6nig P, K\u00f6nig S. Eye Tracking in virtual reality. J Eye Mov Res. 2019;12(1).","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.12.1.3"},{"issue":"3","key":"5764_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350618761756","volume":"25","author":"T Huber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huber T, Paschold M, Hansen C, Lang H, Kneist W. Artificial Versus Video-based immersive virtual surroundings: analysis of performance and user\u2019s preference. Surg Innov. 2018;25(3):280\u20135.","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"5","key":"5764_CR14","first-page":"e8062","volume":"12","author":"K Couperus","year":"2020","unstructured":"Couperus K, Young S, Walsh R, Kang C, Skinner C, Essendrop R, et al. Immersive virtual reality Medical Simulation: Autonomous Trauma Training Simulator. Cureus. 2020;12(5):e8062.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"5764_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2021.719656;2","author":"R Lombardo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lombardo R, Walther N, Young S, Gorbatkin C, Sletten Z, Kang C, et al. Ready Medic one: a feasibility study of a semi-autonomous virtual reality Trauma Simulator. Front Virtual Real. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frvir.2021.719656;2.","journal-title":"Front Virtual Real"},{"key":"5764_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003569","author":"AL Colonna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Colonna AL, Robbins R, Stefanucci J, Creem-Regeh S, Patterson B, Engel BT, et al. Trauma Bay virtual reality - A game changer for ATLS instruction and Assessment. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000003569.","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"5764_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811403736","volume":"53","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keshavarz B, Hecht H. Validating an efficient method to quantify motion sickness. Hum Factors. 2011;53(4):415\u201326.","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"3","key":"5764_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.1999.0343","volume":"52","author":"S Nichols","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nichols S, Haldane C, Wilson JR. Measurement of presence and its consequences in virtual environments. Int J Hum Comput Stud. 2000;52(3):471\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Comput Stud"},{"issue":"6","key":"5764_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E609","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.009921","volume":"64","author":"G Johnson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johnson G, Beaumont J, Paton-Gay JD, Widder S, Gillman LM. Multidisciplinary, multisite trauma team training during COVID-19: lessons from the first virtual E-S.T.A.R.T.T. course. Can J Surg. 2021;64(6):E609\u201312.","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5764_CR20","first-page":"e35170","volume":"15","author":"N Sinou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sinou N, Sinou N, Filippou D. Virtual reality and augmented reality in anatomy education during COVID-19 pandemic. Cureus. 2023;15(2):e35170.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"5764_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9452-0","volume":"22","author":"KE Hsu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hsu KE, Man FY, Gizicki RA, Feldman LS, Fried GM. Experienced surgeons can do more than one thing at a time: effect of distraction on performance of a simple laparoscopic and cognitive task by experienced and novice surgeons. Surg Endosc. 2008;22(1):196\u2013201.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"5764_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2019.03.013","volume":"76","author":"J Paige","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paige J, Garbee D, Yu Q, Kiselov V, Rusnak V, Detiege P. Moving along: Team Training for Emergency Room Trauma transfers (T(2)ERT(2)). J Surg Educ. 2019;76(5):1402\u201312.","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T13:04:29Z","timestamp":1721307869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-024-05764-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study\u2019s participants were volunteering physicians from the Department of Anesthesiology; all participants gave written informed consent. It was a voluntary addition to their education, which could be interrupted or terminated at any time. Participation was not reported to the heads of the department and all results were handled anonymously. According to local guidelines evaluation of educational content, does not require ethical approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors approved the manuscript in its current form and consented to publication. All individuals seen in any images consented to publication in an open access journal. There are no participants or identifying information depicted in any images.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Interdisciplinary training is key for care of critically ill trauma patients. We present a prototype of a trainings tool in immersive virtual reality with high acceptance and significant subjective knowledge improvement.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Summary statement"}}],"article-number":"769"}}