{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:10:06Z","timestamp":1791231006562,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"medical school of the Dezful University of Medical Sciences","award":["MED-401111-1401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MED-401111-1401"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Students\u2019 social well-being can significantly enhance their performance in various areas, including academic motivation and achievement. Therefore, this study was designed and conducted to investigate social well-being, academic motivation, and academic achievement among students at Dezful University of Medical Sciences (DUMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present research was a correlational, descriptive-analytic study conducted as a cross-sectional design. The research sample consisted of 261 students from DUMS. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Keyes\u2019 Social Well-being Scale (SWBS), and Vallerand\u2019s Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). Data were analyzed at the 0.05 significance level using SPSS version 26.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      According to the results, the average scores of students\u2019 academic achievement, academic motivation, and social well-being were 17.12\u2009\u00b1\u20091.23, 127.16\u2009\u00b1\u200925.33, and 76.61\u2009\u00b1\u200911.35, respectively. Social well-being had a significant positive correlation with academic motivation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.234), but no significant correlation was found between social well-being and academic achievement (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.077). Additionally, no significant correlation was observed between students\u2019 academic motivation and achievement (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.084). Results also revealed that social well-being is associated with 28.5% and 1.11% of the variance in academic motivation (ADJ.R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.285) and achievement (ADJ.R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.111), respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Social well-being, particularly the components of participation, solidarity, and social acceptance, is a relevant factor in students\u2019 academic motivation. Thus, considering the moderate levels of social well-being and academic motivation among students, the officials of DUMS, through proper and principled planning in providing students\u2019 social well-being, can contribute to enhancing students\u2019 academic motivation, which may ultimately lead to educational achievement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T16:04:56Z","timestamp":1763136296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The impact of social well-being on students\u2019 academic motivation and academic achievement: a case study from Iran"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Hamed","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooman","family":"Etedali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Latifhadad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR1","first-page":"306","volume":"20","author":"M\u00c1T Mart\u00ednez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez M\u00c1T, Fuentes JA, Rodr\u00edguez IF, Jim\u00e9nez FJ\u00c1. A quality evaluation in higher distance education services: servqual scale and factorial analysis. Tob\u00edas MA. 2020;20(2):306\u201335.","journal-title":"Tob\u00edas MA"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR2","first-page":"20","volume":"7","author":"A Pourabbasi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pourabbasi A, Akbari H, Akhvan AA, Haghdoost AA, Kheiry Z, Dehnavieh R, et al. Analysis of Iran\u2019s National medical education evolution and innovation plan using the Michelle and Scott\u2019s model of policymaking. J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2019;7(1):20.","journal-title":"J Adv Med Educ Prof"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10739-1","volume":"27","author":"MA Mohamed Hashim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohamed Hashim MA, Tlemsani I, Matthews R. Higher education strategy in digital transformation. Educ Inf Technol. 2022;27(3):3171\u201395.","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"8109_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rinanto A, Pujiyanto E, Rosyidi CN, Prasetyo H, editors. Service quality measurement of higher vocational education based on SERVQUAL and kano: a case study in Politeknik ATMI Surakarta. Melville: AIP Publishing LLC; 2019.","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5098286"},{"issue":"64","key":"8109_CR5","first-page":"51","volume":"20","author":"N Rajabi Miandareh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajabi Miandareh N, Cheraghali MR, Kalantari S. The relationship between class teaching styles with motivation and academic achievement of students at the Golestan university of medical sciences in 2014. Navid No. 2018;20(64):51\u201360.","journal-title":"Navid No"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR6","first-page":"61","volume":"9","author":"J Bahmaei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bahmaei J, Pahlavanzadeh B, Azaraeen Y, Kharazinejad E. Investigating the correlation between social Health, academic Motivation, and academic status among students of Abadan university of medical sciences. J Health Res Community. 2023;9(3):61\u201374.","journal-title":"J Health Res Community"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR7","first-page":"21","volume":"8","author":"F Rasouli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rasouli F, Sangani A, Jangi P. The relationship between academic procrastination, locus of control and achievement motivation with academic achievement in nursing student. J Nurs Educ. 2019;8(1):21\u20138.","journal-title":"J Nurs Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"8109_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000666","volume":"114","author":"J Lavrijsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lavrijsen J, Vansteenkiste M, Boncquet M, Verschueren K. Does motivation predict changes in academic achievement beyond intelligence and personality? A multitheoretical perspective. J Educ Psychol. 2022;114(4):772.","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"A Sohrabi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sohrabi A, Hashemipour MS, Sadeghi R. The relationship between academic motivation and academic achievement of dental students of Kerman university of medical sciences. J Isfahan Dent Sch. 2019;15(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"J Isfahan Dent Sch"},{"issue":"21","key":"8109_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su11215934","volume":"11","author":"M Bla\u0161kov\u00e1","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bla\u0161kov\u00e1 M, Majchrzak-Lepczyk J, Hrin\u00edkov\u00e1 D, Bla\u0161ko R. Sustainable academic motivation. Sustainability. 2019;11(21):5934.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-023-09767-9","volume":"35","author":"D Urhahne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Urhahne D, Wijnia L. Theories of motivation in education: an integrative framework. Educ Psychol Rev. 2023;35(2):45.","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jintelligence10030055","volume":"10","author":"MHA Al-Abyadh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Abyadh MHA, Abdel Azeem HAH. Academic achievement: influences of university students\u2019 self-management and perceived self-efficacy. J Intell. 2022;10(3):55.","journal-title":"J Intell"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1177\/0272684X211025932","volume":"43","author":"P Mahdavi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mahdavi P, Valibeygi A, Moradi M, Sadeghi S. Relationship between achievement motivation, mental health and academic success in university students. Community Health Equity Research & Policy. 2023;43(3):311\u20137.","journal-title":"Community Health Equity Research & Policy"},{"issue":"41","key":"8109_CR14","first-page":"356","volume":"16","author":"AA Ajam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ajam AA. The role of social Well-being in academic motivation and achievement of students at university of medical sciences. Iran J Med Educ. 2016;16(41):356\u201365.","journal-title":"Iran J Med Educ"},{"key":"8109_CR15","first-page":"97","volume":"7","author":"M Taghvaei Yazdi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taghvaei Yazdi M, Chitsaz C. The relationship between social networks and students\u2019 social health. Q J Inform Communication Technol Educational Sci. 2016;7:97\u20139.","journal-title":"Q J Inform Communication Technol Educational Sci"},{"key":"8109_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9531.94412","volume":"1","author":"A Yousefy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yousefy A, Ghassemi G, Firouznia S. Motivation and academic achievement in medical students. J Educ Health Promot. 2012;1:4.","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1177\/08295735211055355","volume":"37","author":"F Guay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guay F. Applying self-determination theory to education: regulations types, psychological needs, and autonomy supporting behaviors. Can J School Psychol. 2022;37(1):75\u201392.","journal-title":"Can J School Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/0091415019887688","volume":"92","author":"K Leow","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leow K, Lynch MF, Lee J. Social support, basic psychological needs, and social well-being among older cancer survivors. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2021;92(1):100\u201314.","journal-title":"Int J Aging Hum Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"8109_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612447309","volume":"7","author":"JY Ng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ng JY, Ntoumanis N, Th\u00f8gersen-Ntoumani C, Deci EL, Ryan RM, Duda JL, et al. Self-determination theory applied to health contexts: a meta-analysis. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2012;7(4):325\u201340.","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR20","first-page":"72","volume":"13","author":"R Khalili-Tajareh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khalili-Tajareh R, Ahmadian H. The effectiveness of the transactional analysis on mental well-being and empathy in nurses: effectiveness of the transactional analysis. Chronic Dis J. 2025;13(2):72\u20139.","journal-title":"Chronic Dis J"},{"issue":"10","key":"8109_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2025.2467788","volume":"64","author":"RJ Bennett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bennett RJ, Saunders GH, Montano JJ, Timmer BH, Laird E, Badcock JC. Social coaching: applying keyes\u2019 model of social wellbeing to audiological support for older adults with hearing loss. Int J Audiol. 2025;64(10):973\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14992027.2025.2467788.","journal-title":"Int J Audiol."},{"key":"8109_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adler MD, Fleurbaey M. The Oxford handbook of well-being and public policy. New York: Oxford University Press; 2016.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199325818.001.0001"},{"issue":"6","key":"8109_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691620966789","volume":"16","author":"JL Howard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Howard JL, Bureau J, Guay F, Chong JX, Ryan RM. Student motivation and associated outcomes: A meta-analysis from self-determination theory. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2021;16(6):1300\u201323.","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"8109_CR24","first-page":"7","volume":"46","author":"f Modiri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Modiri f, Safiri k, Mansourian f. A study on social health and its effective factors. Q J Social Dev (Previously Hum Development). 2018;46(12):7\u201328.","journal-title":"Q J Social Dev (Previously Hum Development)"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR25","first-page":"525","volume":"4","author":"M Alizadeh Agdam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alizadeh Agdam M, Sam Aram E, Soltani Bahram S, Rajai K. The effect of social health on quality of life of students of Payame Noor University in Meshkinshahr. Soc Stud Res Iran. 2015;4(2):525\u201346.","journal-title":"Soc Stud Res Iran"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR26","first-page":"99","volume":"26","author":"L Yazdanpanah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yazdanpanah L, Nikvarz T. Relationship between social factors and social health among students of Shahid Bahonar university of Kerman. J Appl Sociol. 2015;26(3):99\u2013116.","journal-title":"J Appl Sociol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR27","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"K Rezadoost","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rezadoost K, Hosseinzadeh A, Rostami A. The study of sociological factors affecting social health among students of Shahid Chamran university of Ahwaz. Q J Social Dev (Previously Hum Development). 2019;14(1):1\u201330.","journal-title":"Q J Social Dev (Previously Hum Development)"},{"issue":"5","key":"8109_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187-021-09821-4","volume":"14","author":"M Kaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaya M, Erdem C. Students\u2019 well-being and academic achievement: a meta-analysis study. Child Indic Res. 2021;14(5):1743\u201367.","journal-title":"Child Indic Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"8109_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2022.2062826","volume":"38","author":"AM Kerr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kerr AM, Spaeth LD, Gerome JM. Medical students\u2019 stress and uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Commun. 2023;38(10):2247\u201357.","journal-title":"Health Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"8109_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285984","volume":"18","author":"P Abdolrezapour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdolrezapour P, Jahanbakhsh Ganjeh S, Ghanbari N. Self-efficacy and resilience as predictors of students\u2019 academic motivation in online education. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(5):e0285984.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"8109_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Afshari P, Parast MM, Yazdani S. Do economic crises affect medical education? A narrative review. J Med Educ Future Demands. 2024;23(1):e150892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/jme-150892.","DOI":"10.5812\/jme-150892"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR32","first-page":"687","volume":"4","author":"H Derakhshan Shahrabad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Derakhshan Shahrabad H, Yazdanparast A, Khashi Z. Emigration pattern among medical and non-medical Iranian elite and its associated factors: a review of literature. Med Educ Bull. 2023;4(2):687\u2013701.","journal-title":"Med Educ Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"8109_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.3651","volume":"38","author":"HS Sajadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sajadi HS, Yahyaei F, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Majdzadeh R. The human cost of economic sanctions and strategies for building health system resilience: a scoping review of studies in Iran. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2023;38(5):1142\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Health Plann Manage"},{"key":"8109_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1542359","volume":"16","author":"M Marini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Marini M, Parisse C, Pagliaro S, Giovannelli I, Pietroni D, Livi S. The role of social class in academic university contexts: exploring students\u2019 academic self-concept, educational expectations, and achievement goals. Front Psychol. 2025;16:1542359.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"8109_CR35","unstructured":"Keyes CLM, Shapiro AD. Chapter Twelve. Social Well-Being in the united states: A descriptive epidemiology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 2019. p. 350\u201372."},{"issue":"16","key":"8109_CR36","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"J Babapour Kheiroddin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Babapour Kheiroddin J, Toosi F, Hekmati I. Study of determinant factors role of students\u2019 social well-being. J Mod Psychol Researches. 2010;4(16):1\u201319.","journal-title":"J Mod Psychol Researches"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR37","first-page":"11","volume":"1","author":"N Bagheri","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bagheri N, Shahraray M, Farzad V. Standardization of academic motivation scale (AMS) among the high school students in Tehran. Clin Psychol Personality. 2003;1(1):11\u201324.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Personality"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR38","first-page":"1186","volume":"2","author":"HA Taghipour","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taghipour HA, Shahram G, Jalali M, Azizipour H, Razaz Razagui SJ, Javad Mousavian S. Standarizing of academic motivation scale. J Basic Appl Sci Res. 2012;2(2):1186\u201392.","journal-title":"J Basic Appl Sci Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"8109_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12151886","volume":"12","author":"Y Meng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng Y, Zhang B, Qin Z, Chen Y, Shan X, Sun L, et al. Stepwise method and factor scoring in multiple regression analysis of cashmere production in Liaoning cashmere goats. Animals. 2022;12(15):1886.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"4","key":"8109_CR40","first-page":"288","volume":"4","author":"L Fata","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fata L, Mohammadzadeh M, Habibi H. The effect of portfolio on motivation and academic achievement of students of Tabriz university of medical sciences. Military Caring Sci. 2017;4(4):288\u201394.","journal-title":"Military Caring Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8109_CR41","first-page":"83","volume":"11","author":"D Tahmasebzadeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tahmasebzadeh D, Sheikhi M, Azimpoor E. The role of social well-being and academic burnout in predicting students\u2019 academic eagerness. Educ Strategies Med Sci. 2018;11(2):83\u201390.","journal-title":"Educ Strategies Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"8109_CR42","first-page":"8786","volume":"6","author":"S Baby","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baby S, Fatima M, Kaneez S. Impact of social well-being on academic performance of students. J Posit Sch Psychol. 2022;6(8):8786\u201392.","journal-title":"J Posit Sch Psychol"},{"key":"8109_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.03.111","volume":"15","author":"K Amrai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Amrai K, Motlagh SE, Zalani HA, Parhon H. The relationship between academic motivation and academic achievement students. Procedia-Social Behav Sci. 2011;15:399\u2013402.","journal-title":"Procedia-Social Behav Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"8109_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/0143034318773788","volume":"39","author":"X Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen X, Fan X, Cheung HY, Wu J. The subjective well-being of academically gifted students in the Chinese cultural context. Sch Psychol Int. 2018;39(3):291\u2013311.","journal-title":"Sch Psychol Int"},{"key":"8109_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wrigley T. Student well-being as a key strand of school development. SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England;; 2019. p. 3.","DOI":"10.1177\/1365480219829537"},{"issue":"6","key":"8109_CR46","first-page":"284","volume":"12","author":"YNS Al Husaini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Husaini YNS, Shukor NSA. Factors affecting students\u2019 academic performance: a review. Soc Sci J. 2022;12(6):284\u201396.","journal-title":"Soc Sci J"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22596\/erj2021.06.01.1.18","volume":"6","author":"M Ozcan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ozcan M. Factors affecting students\u2019 academic achievement according to the teachers\u2019 opinion. Educ Reform J. 2021;6(1):1\u201318.","journal-title":"Educ Reform J"},{"key":"8109_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-019-09494-0","volume":"32","author":"J Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu J, Peng P, Luo L. The relation between family socioeconomic status and academic achievement in china: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychol Rev. 2020;32:49\u201376.","journal-title":"Educational Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR49","first-page":"55","volume":"12","author":"H Barati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barati H, Miri M. Identifying the factors affecting the academic motivation students of Farhangian university and presenting structural model. Educational Scholastic Stud. 2023;12(1):55\u201337.","journal-title":"Educational Scholastic Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.185.1.01850003","volume":"185","author":"N Dendukuri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dendukuri N, Reinhold C. Correlation and regression. Am J Roentgenol. 2005;185(1):3\u201318.","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"01","key":"8109_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20200030","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-3713\/e20200030","volume":"46","author":"SE Tanni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tanni SE, Patino CM, Ferreira JC. Correlation vs. regression in association studies. Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia. 2020;46(01):e20200030.","journal-title":"Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"8109_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-008-9181-x","volume":"58","author":"SE Severiens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Severiens SE, Schmidt HG. Academic and social integration and study progress in problem based learning. High Educ. 2009;58(1):59\u201369.","journal-title":"High Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"8109_CR53","first-page":"786","volume":"18","author":"A Faizy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Faizy A, Mesrabadi J, Mohamadian K, Agh Atabay A. Meta-analysis of the relationship between psychosocial indexes with mental health. Iran South Med J. 2015;18(4):786\u201399.","journal-title":"Iran South Med J"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T17:03:38Z","timestamp":1763139818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-025-08109-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was a part of a general medicine thesis that was approved by the ethics committee of Dezful University of Medical Sciences (ID: IR.DUMS.REC.1402.014). This study was conducted according to the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1598"}}