{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T19:36:38Z","timestamp":1773862598705,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T04:24:23Z","timestamp":1770870263000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcomes of a quasiexperimental study of a hands-on POCUS curriculum in undergraduate medical education"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7841-7322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Rahhal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3546-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00edra Dias","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9920-5109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael Valente","family":"de Lima Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5662-7895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iolanda","family":"de F\u00e1tima Lopes Calvo Tib\u00e9rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9690-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00edlton","family":"de Arruda Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"8784_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-3757","volume":"24","author":"CF Dietrich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dietrich CF, Bolondi L, Duck F, et al. History of ultrasound in medicine from its birth to date (2022), on occasion of the 50 years anniversary of EFSUMB. A publication of the European federation of societies for ultrasound in medicine and biology (EFSUMB), designed to record the historical development of medical ultrasound. Med Ultrason. 2022;24(4):434\u201350.","journal-title":"Med Ultrason"},{"key":"8784_CR2","first-page":"470","volume":"5","author":"F Duck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duck F. Ultrasound-the first fifty years. Hist Med Phys. 2021;5:470\u201398.","journal-title":"Hist Med Phys"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jet195","volume":"15","author":"JR Roelandt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roelandt JR. The decline of our physical examination skills: is echocardiography to blame? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(3):249\u201352.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"8784_CR4","unstructured":"MeSH - NCBI. Point-of-care testing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/mesh\/2009759. Accessed 3 Mar 2025."},{"key":"8784_CR5","unstructured":"MeSH - NCBI. Point-of-care systems. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/mesh\/68019095. Accessed 3 Mar 2025."},{"issue":"4","key":"8784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1053\/euje.2001.0121","volume":"2","author":"M Rugolotto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rugolotto M, Hu BS, Liang DH, Schnittger I. Rapid assessment of cardiac anatomy and function with a new hand-carried ultrasound device (OptiGo\u2122): a comparison with standard echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2001;2(4):262\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"8784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199703000-00011","volume":"18","author":"RL Sheridan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sheridan RL, Petras L, Lydon M. Ultrasonic imaging as an adjunct to femoral venous catheterization in children. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1997;18(2):156\u20138.","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(92)90122-E","volume":"10","author":"MM Lerch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lerch MM, Riehl J, Buechsel R, Kierdorf H, Winkeltau G, Matern S. Bedside ultrasound in decision making for emergency surgery: its role in medical intensive care patients. Am J Emerg Med. 1992;10(1):35\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(99)90007-4","volume":"17","author":"M Heller","year":"1999","unstructured":"Heller M, Melanson S, Patterson J, Raftis J. Impact of emergency medicine resident training in ultrasonography on ultrasound utilization. Am J Emerg Med. 1999;17(1):21\u20132.","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"8784_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050771","volume":"24","author":"D Lichtenstein","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lichtenstein D, Mezi\u00e8re G. A lung ultrasound sign allowing bedside distinction between pulmonary edema and COPD: the comet-tail artifact. Intensive Care Med. 1998;24(12):1331\u20134.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02483.x","volume":"5","author":"SO Henderson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Henderson SO, Hoffner RJ, Aragona JL, Groth DE, Esekogwu VI, Chan D. Bedside emergency department ultrasonography plus radiography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder vs intravenous pyelography in the evaluation of suspected ureteral colic. Acad Emerg Med. 1998;5(7):666\u201371.","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(05)70354-0","volume":"16","author":"SW Melanson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Melanson SW, Heller M. The emerging role of bedside ultrasonography in trauma care. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1998;16(1):165\u201389.","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"8784_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1053\/euje.2001.0126","volume":"2","author":"SD Solomon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Solomon SD, Braunwald E. Point-of-care echocardiography: asking the right questions. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2001;2(4):216\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"12","key":"8784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1311944","volume":"370","author":"SD Solomon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Solomon SD, Saldana F. Point-of-care ultrasound in medical education--stop listening and look. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(12):1083\u20135.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s43678-022-00269-1","volume":"24","author":"DJ Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim DJ, Olszynski P, Smith DJW, Lalande E, Woo MY. Point of care ultrasound training in Canadian emergency medicine residency programs. CJEM. 2022;24(3):329\u201334.","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"issue":"9","key":"8784_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-017-4071-5","volume":"32","author":"IWY Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma IWY, Arishenkoff S, Wiseman J, et al. Internal medicine point-of-care ultrasound curriculum: consensus recommendations from the Canadian internal medicine ultrasound (CIMUS) group. J Gen Intern Med. 2017;32(9):1052\u20137.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"8784_CR17","first-page":"e462","volume":"64","author":"T Micks","year":"2018","unstructured":"Micks T, Braganza D, Peng S, et al. Canadian national survey of point-of-care ultrasound training in family medicine residency programs. Can Fam Physician. 2018;64(10):e462\u20137.","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.14423\/SMJ.0000000000000831","volume":"111","author":"JE Anstey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anstey JE, Jensen TP, Afshar N. Point-of-care ultrasound needs assessment, curriculum design, and curriculum assessment in a large academic internal medicine residency program. South Med J. 2018;111(7):444\u20138.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"8784_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.09.013","volume":"48","author":"X Cid-Serra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cid-Serra X, Hoang W, El-Ansary D, Canty D, Royse A, Royse C. Clinical impact of point-of-care ultrasound in internal medicine inpatients: a systematic review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2022;48(2):170\u20139.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-5504","volume":"174","author":"G Gartlehner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gartlehner G, Wagner G, Affengruber L, et al. Point-of-care ultrasonography in patients with acute dyspnea: an evidence report for a clinical practice guideline by the American college of physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(7):967\u201376.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00347.x","volume":"16","author":"AS Liteplo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liteplo AS, Marill KA, Villen T, et al. Emergency thoracic ultrasound in the differentiation of the etiology of shortness of breath (ETUDES): sonographic B-lines and N-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide in diagnosing congestive heart failure. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16(3):201\u201310.","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"8784_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2023.01.047","volume":"66","author":"JA N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Ramos","year":"2023","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Ramos JA, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Pana-Toloza MC. Point of care ultrasound impact in acute heart failure hospitalization: a retrospective cohort study. Am J Emerg Med. 2023;66:141\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"8784_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000006399","volume":"52","author":"J Basmaji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Basmaji J, Arntfield R, Desai K, et al. The impact of point-of-care ultrasound-guided resuscitation on clinical outcomes in patients with shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2024;52(11):1661\u201373.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR24","first-page":"e52371","volume":"16","author":"A Popat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Popat A, Harikrishnan S, Seby N, et al. Utilization of point-of-care ultrasound as an imaging modality in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus. 2024;16(1):e52371.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-07-0473","volume":"109","author":"F Pomero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pomero F, Dentali F, Borretta V, et al. Accuracy of emergency physician-performed ultrasonography in the diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Haemost. 2013;109(1):137\u201345.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"13","key":"8784_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3636","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133636","volume":"11","author":"SL Palmero","year":"2022","unstructured":"Palmero SL, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga MAL, Mart\u00ednez VR, et al. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) as an extension of the physical examination in patients with bacteremia or candidemia. J Clin Med. 2022;11(13):3636.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1159\/000501299","volume":"50","author":"JCQ Velez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Velez JCQ, Petkovich B, Karakala N, Huggins JT. Point-of-care echocardiography unveils misclassification of acute kidney injury as hepatorenal syndrome. Am J Nephrol. 2019;50(3):204\u201311.","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8784_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13388","volume":"25","author":"C Wong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wong C, Teitge B, Ross M, Young P, Robertson HL, Lang E. The accuracy and prognostic value of point-of-care ultrasound for nephrolithiasis in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2018;25(6):684\u201398.","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-017-0261-6","volume":"20","author":"S Arora","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arora S, Cheung AC, Tarique U, Agarwal A, Firdouse M, Ailon J. First-year medical students use of ultrasound or physical examination to diagnose hepatomegaly and ascites: a randomized controlled trial. J Ultrasound. 2017;20(3):199\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-015-0030-8","volume":"7","author":"AP Olson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Olson AP, Trappey B, Wagner M, Newman M, Nixon LJ, Schnobrich D. Point-of-care ultrasonography improves the diagnosis of splenomegaly in hospitalized patients. Crit Ultrasound J. 2015;7(1):13.","journal-title":"Crit Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"1143","key":"8784_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2020-137773","volume":"97","author":"CK Wong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wong CK, Hai J, Chan KYE, et al. Point-of-care ultrasound augments physical examination learning by undergraduate medical students. Postgrad Med J. 2021;97(1143):10\u20135.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.05.060","volume":"96","author":"SL Kobal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kobal SL, Trento L, Baharami S, et al. Comparison of effectiveness of hand-carried ultrasound to bedside cardiovascular physical examination. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96(7):1002\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"8784_CR33","first-page":"e22016","volume":"2","author":"G Mota","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mota G, Nobre G, Meira M, Oliveira M, Meira L. Ensino da ultrassonografia point-of-care na gradua\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dica. J Bras Med Emerg. 2022;2:e22016.","journal-title":"J Bras Med Emerg"},{"issue":"2","key":"8784_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.07080","volume":"35","author":"VA Dinh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dinh VA, Lakoff D, Hess J, et al. Medical student core clinical ultrasound milestones: a consensus among directors in the United States. J Ultrasound Med. 2016;35(2):421\u201334.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"8784_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38026","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038026","volume":"103","author":"J Yoo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoo J, Kang SY, Joon Jo I, et al. Status and perception of point-of-care ultrasound education in Korean medical schools: a national cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024;103(18):e38026.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR36","first-page":"e27513","volume":"14","author":"FM Russell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Russell FM, Herbert A, Peterson D, Wallach PM, Ferre RM. Assessment of medical students\u2019 ability to integrate point-of-care cardiac ultrasound into a case-based simulation after a short intervention. Cureus. 2022;14(7):e27513.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-022-00279-1","volume":"14","author":"RA Hoppmann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoppmann RA, Mladenovic J, Melniker L, et al. International consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical students. Ultrasound J. 2022;14(1):31.","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"9","key":"8784_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666221076041","volume":"37","author":"A Hsieh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hsieh A, Baker MB, Phalen JM, et al. Handheld point-of-care ultrasound: safety considerations for creating guidelines. J Intensive Care Med. 2022;37(9):1146\u201351.","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.5334\/aogh.2565","volume":"85","author":"M Ireson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ireson M, Warring S, Medina-Inojosa JR, et al. First year medical students, personal handheld ultrasound devices, and introduction of insonation in medical education. Ann Glob Health. 2019;85(1):123.","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03108-0","volume":"22","author":"DA Haidar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haidar DA, Kessler R, Khanna NK, et al. Association of a longitudinal, preclinical ultrasound curriculum with medical student performance. BMC Med Educ. 2022;22(1):50.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/2036-7902-5-9","volume":"5","author":"AR Parks","year":"2013","unstructured":"Parks AR, Atkinson P, Verheul G, Leblanc-Duchin D. Can medical learners achieve point-of-care ultrasound competency using a high-fidelity ultrasound simulator? A pilot study. Crit Ultrasound J. 2013;5(1):9.","journal-title":"Crit Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1611-1","volume":"19","author":"N Celebi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Celebi N, Griewatz J, Malek NP, et al. Development and implementation of a comprehensive ultrasound curriculum for undergraduate medical students-a feasibility study. BMC Med Educ. 2019;19(1):170.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"8784_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2016.8.31387","volume":"17","author":"JS Rempell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rempell JS, Saldana F, DiSalvo D, et al. Pilot point-of-care ultrasound curriculum at Harvard medical school: early experience. West J Emerg Med. 2016;17(6):734\u201340.","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"8784_CR44","volume-title":"Curriculum development for medical education: a six-step approach","author":"PA Thomas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thomas PA, Kern DE, Hughes MT, Chen BY. Curriculum development for medical education: a six-step approach. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 2015."},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2020.1814296","volume":"33","author":"A Sena","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sena A, Alerhand S, Lamba S. Milestone approach to designing a point-of-care ultrasound curriculum for transition-to-residency programs in the United States. Teach Learn Med. 2021;33(3):270\u201381.","journal-title":"Teach Learn Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-018-1326-8","volume":"18","author":"K Watson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Watson K, Lam A, Arishenkoff S, et al. Point of care ultrasound training for internal medicine: a Canadian multi-centre learner needs assessment study. BMC Med Educ. 2018;18(1):217.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2013.847909","volume":"36","author":"MJ Griksaitis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Griksaitis MJ, Scott MP, Finn GM. Twelve tips for teaching with ultrasound in the undergraduate curriculum. Med Teach. 2014;36(1):19\u201324.","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2004.04.011","volume":"27","author":"R Bates","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bates R. A critical analysis of evaluation practice: the Kirkpatrick model and the principle of beneficence. Eval Program Plann. 2004;27(3):341\u20137.","journal-title":"Eval Program Plann"},{"key":"8784_CR49","volume-title":"Transferring learning to behavior: using the four levels to improve performance","author":"DL Kirkpatrick","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kirkpatrick DL, Kirkpatrick JD. Transferring learning to behavior: using the four levels to improve performance. Oakland: Berrett-Koehler Publishers; 2006."},{"issue":"10","key":"8784_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3182a36cc6","volume":"88","author":"MH Van Loon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van Loon MH, Kok EM, Kamp RJ, et al. AM last page: Avoiding five common pitfalls of experimental research in medical education. Acad Med. 2013;88(10):1588.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-021-00910-3","volume":"7","author":"S Jujo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jujo S, Lee-Jayaram JJ, Sakka BI, et al. Pre-clinical medical student cardiac point-of-care ultrasound curriculum based on the American society of echocardiography recommendations: a pilot and feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2021;7(1):175.","journal-title":"Pilot Feasibility Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-0928-x","volume":"17","author":"SL Kobal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kobal SL, Lior Y, Ben-Sasson A, Liel-Cohen N, Galante O, Fuchs L. The feasibility and efficacy of implementing a focused cardiac ultrasound course into a medical school curriculum. BMC Med Educ. 2017;17(1):94.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2013.8.19080","volume":"15","author":"J Steller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steller J, Russell B, Lotfipour S, et al. USEFUL: Ultrasound exam for underlying lesions incorporated into physical exam. West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(3):260\u20136.","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8784_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.24908\/pocus.v5i1.14225","volume":"5","author":"MG Frank","year":"2020","unstructured":"Frank MG, Pierce C, Northcutt N, Keach JW, Salame G, Allyn R. The master clinician\u2019s elective: integrating evidence-based physical examination and point of care ultrasonography in modern clinical medicine. POCUS J. 2020;5(1):13\u20139.","journal-title":"POCUS J"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000292","volume":"89","author":"JC Fox","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fox JC, Schlang JR, Maldonado G, Lotfipour S, Clayman RV. Proactive medicine: the \u201cUCI 30,\u201d an ultrasound-based clinical initiative from the University of California, Irvine. Acad Med. 2014;89(7):984\u20139.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"8784_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gheart.2013.11.007","volume":"8","author":"JC Fox","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fox JC, Marino H, Fischetti C. Differential diagnosis of cardiovascular symptoms: setting the expectations for the ultrasound examination and medical education. Glob Heart. 2013;8(4):289\u201392.","journal-title":"Glob Heart"},{"issue":"8","key":"8784_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0909487","volume":"364","author":"CL Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moore CL, Copel JA. Point-of-care ultrasonography. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(8):749\u201357.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8784_CR58","first-page":"a22750702","volume":"10","author":"R Neubauer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Neubauer R, Bauer CJ, Dietrich CF, Strizek B, Sch\u00e4fer VS, Recker F. Evidence-based ultrasound education? A systematic literature review of undergraduate ultrasound training studies. Ultrasound Int Open. 2024;10:a22750702.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Int Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"8784_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000005462","volume":"99","author":"R Jedwab","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jedwab R, Boas S, Potashner D, et al. A comparison of online self-training and standard bedside training in lung ultrasonography for medical students. Acad Med. 2024;99(3):304\u20139.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"8784_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000006020","volume":"100","author":"O Ilan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ilan O, Perlin A, Peles I, Ben-Shitrit I, Fuchs L. Comparative evaluation of self-learning versus instructor-guided cardiac ultrasonography training. Acad Med. 2025;100(7):810\u20139.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"8784_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.70115","volume":"18","author":"S Agostino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agostino S, Daga MA, Novello F, Daga FA, Papotti G, Veglio F, et al. Evaluating the efficacy of a cost-effective PC-based tool as an equivalent alternative to traditional ultrasound simulators in medical education. Anat Sci Educ. 2025;18(11):1203\u201314.","journal-title":"Anat Sci Educ"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T12:12:44Z","timestamp":1773835964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-026-08784-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was reviewed and approved by the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Institutional Review Board (December 22, 2022; CAAE# 65380422.2.0000.0068) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for Research Involving Human Participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"442"}}