{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T02:12:11Z","timestamp":1784081531884,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Ethics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether patients' life-style should involve lower priority for treatment is a controversial question in bioethics. Less is known about clinicians' views.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study how clinical doctors' attitudes to questions of patient responsibility and priority vary over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surveys of doctors in Norway in 2008, 2014, 2021. Questionnaires included statements about patients' lifestyle's significance for priority to care, and vignettes of priority cases (only in 2014).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Attitudes were fairly stable between 2008 and 2021. 17%\/14% agreed that patients' lifestyle should count, while 19%\/22% agreed that it should involve lower priority to scarce organs. 42\/44% agreed that smokers should have lower priority. Substantially more agreed in 2014. Regression analyses showed that being male, working in hospital, and younger age increased the likelihood of agreeing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A substantial minority of doctors agreed that lifestyle should be a priority criterion, possibly contrary to Norwegian legislation and professional ethics. The finding might be explained by the unspecified meaning of priority, increased scarcity-awareness, or socio-cultural trends towards individualism. The 2014 results indicate a framing effect; the vignettes may have primed the respondents towards accepting lifestyle as a criterion. We conclude that attitudes to normative questions are unstable and depend on context. A substantial minority of doctors seems to be positive to deprioritizing patients allegedly responsible for their illness. However, what deprioritization implies in practice is not clear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-024-01035-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T03:02:50Z","timestamp":1711335770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How stable are moral judgements? A longitudinal study of context dependency in attitudes towards patient responsibility"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Berit H","family":"Bringedal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin Isaksson","family":"R\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10152","key":"1035_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31992-5","volume":"392","author":"JE Bennett","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bennett JE, Stevens GA, Mathers CD, Bonita R, Rehm J, Kruk ME, et al. NCD Countdown 2030: worldwide trends in non-communicable disease mortality and progress towards Sustainable Development Goal target 3.4. 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The survey is approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data Sikt \u2013 Kunnskapssektorens tjenesteleverand\u00f8r, and exempt from the obligation to submit to the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK)\u2014\n                      \n                      <i> (IRB # 0000 1870)<\/i>. All members of the panel and the focus group gave their written informed consent to participate in the study by signing the following statement: <i>I agree to take part in the questionnaire surveys and that my personal data is used in research until the project ends on 31 December 2033.<\/i> A detailed description of GDPR-relevant parts, in particular the participants' rights, was provided in an accompanying letter.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"36"}}