{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:04:07Z","timestamp":1791461047372,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The increasing amount of data routinely collected on ICUs poses a challenge for clinicians which is aggravated with data-heavy therapies like Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy (CKRT). We developed the CKRT Supporting Software Prototype (CKRT-SSP), a clinical decision support system for use before, during and after CKRT. The aim of this user experience (UX) study was to prospectively evaluate CKRT\u2013SSP in terms of usability, user experience, and workload in a simulated ICU setting.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We simulated CKRT treatments in a fully equipped single patient room in the ICU and evaluated CKRT-SSP using validated questionnaires: System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Furthermore, a modified NASA-TLX (task load index) compared the workload before and after using CKRT-SSP. Twelve clinicians and nurses participated in this study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The SUS reached a median value of 87.5 for CKRT-SSP, reflecting excellent usability. In the UEQ, CKRT-SSP scored clearly positive in the attractiveness dimension and the three task-related dimensions of clarity, efficiency, and dependability (95% CI fully\u2009&gt;\u20090.8). For the two non-task-related dimensions, stimulation and novelty, there was a positive trend (mean\u2009&gt;\u20090.8, lower limit of 95% CI\u2009&lt;\u20090.8). The modified NASA-TLX suggests a trend to less total workload with CKRT-SSP which mainly is attributable to less physical demand and less effort.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>CKRT-SSP is a promising tool for improving the workload in ICUs and the specific application of CKRT. We obtained valuable insights for further user-centric development.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-025-03165-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T12:19:40Z","timestamp":1757506780000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["User experience study to evaluate a clinical decision support system prototype supporting continuous kidney replacement therapy in a simulated ICU environment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"L-M.","family":"Kunz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Pohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Petrovic Vorkapic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Nosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.1558","volume":"37","author":"A Blasimme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Blasimme A, Fadda M, Schneider M, Vayena E. 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This study, conducted in a simulated ICU setting, involved only artificial patient data for software testing and focused on evaluating the software\u2019s usability and perceptions on its potential integration into existing workflows. The internal assessment of this usability study did not identify relevant risks for the users (software running on standard IT equipment). Thus, no relevant risk exposure for the participants according to section 17 of the MDCG 2021\u20136 rev.1 has been assessed and, consequently, this research is not considered a clinical investigation according to Article 2(45) of the MDR. Since the study focused on technical interactions between healthcare professionals and the software, no relevant risks for the participating healthcare professionals had been identified from the use of the software with standard IT equipment in a prior assessment, and the study did not include real patient data, direct patient care, clinical outcomes, or biomedical research on humans, ethical approval was not required. Clinical trial number: not applicable. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants (i.e., physicians and nurses) for compliance with data protection regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"L.-M. Kunz; R. Pohlmeier and J. Petrovic Vorkapic are employees of Fresenius Medical Care. The remaining authors declare no commercial or financial conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"328"}}