{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:56:42Z","timestamp":1781636202844,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA072720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA072720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP160674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP160674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lung cancer screening (LCS) reduces lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals. As the screening procedure has both potential benefits and harms, the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services mandates a shared decision-making (SDM) discussion prior to the initial LCS. We evaluated the psychometric properties of a decision quality instrument for LCS (DQI-LCS) that assesses whether patients (1) were informed about their options (knowledge), (2) made a screening decision in line with their preferences (goal concordance), and (3) underwent an optimal SDM process (measured using the SDM Process measure [SDMP_4]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary analysis of survey data with patients who underwent LCS at tertiary care medical centers in the US within 12 months of the survey. Psychometric evaluation examined the DQI knowledge measure for item retention and deletion, feasibility, test-retest reliability, and validity of the three components of the DQI-LCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The final sample (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009264) was 48.0% female and had a mean age of 64.8. One knowledge item (KQ13) was dropped as it had a poor index of discrimination, resulting in a 15-item LCS knowledge measure (LCS-15). We also developed a brief knowledge measure with 5 items (LCS-5). Overall, the DQI-LCS was feasible to complete (under 5% missing data for all items). However, only the overall LCS-15 knowledge measure had acceptable test-retest reliability. The SURE score was positively associated with knowledge, demonstrating construct validity of the knowledge component. When there was goal concordance, there was a greater probability of the participant reporting that they would make the same decision again and be screened every year, demonstrating predictive validity of the goal concordance measure. Finally, higher SDMP_4 scores were associated with higher SURE scores, demonstrating predictive validity of SDMP_4. However, we did not find concurrent validity of SDMP_4 with CollaboRATE.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, there is evidence that the DQI-LCS was feasible to complete, had moderate test-retest reliability, and acceptable construct and predictive validity. A limitation is that our sample only included people who had undergone LCS. With further evaluation, the validated DQI-LCS can be a quality metric for assessing whether patients are receiving guideline-concordant care for LCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T10:24:10Z","timestamp":1771669450000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and psychometric evaluation of a decision quality instrument for lung cancer screening decisions (DQI-LCS)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Naomi Q. P.","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Lopez-Olivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tito R.","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura C.","family":"Crocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen R.","family":"Sepucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn P. E.","family":"Nishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Lowenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR1","first-page":"7","volume":"72","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(1):7\u201333.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"3346_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102873","volume":"365","author":"National Lung Screening Trial Research Team","year":"2011","unstructured":"National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(5):395\u2013409.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"3346_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1209120","volume":"368","author":"National Lung Screening Trial Research Team","year":"2013","unstructured":"National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. Results of initial low-dose computed tomographic screening for lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(21):1980\u201391.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"3346_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1077","volume":"325","author":"R Meza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meza R, Jeon J, Toumazis I, et al. Evaluation of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography: modeling study for the US preventive services task force. JAMA. 2021;325(10):988\u201397.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3346_CR5","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Screening for lung cancer with low dose computed tomography (LDCT). https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare-coverage-database\/view\/ncacal-decision-memo.aspx?proposed=Y&ncaid=304. Accessed June 3, 2024."},{"key":"3346_CR6","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Fowler FJ Jr. Measuring decision quality: Where we stand today. 2013. https:\/\/kyras.dbmi.columbia.edu\/bnavtool\/Downloads\/PatientCentCare_Ref\/Topic4_Pt_DA\/Sepucha_2013-2.pdf. Accessed June 5, 2024."},{"key":"3346_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Fowler FJ Jr, Mulley AG Jr. Policy support for patient-centered care: the need for measurable improvements in decision quality: documenting gaps in patients\u2019 knowledge could stimulate rapid change, moving decisions and care closer to a patient-centered ideal. Health Aff (Millwood). 2004;23(Suppl2):VAR\u201354.","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.var.54"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"3346_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-13-S2-S12","volume":"13","author":"KR Sepucha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Borkhoff CM, Lally J, et al. Establishing the effectiveness of patient decision aids: key constructs and measurement instruments. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2013;13(Suppl 2):S12.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"key":"3346_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"KR Sepucha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Belkora JK, Chang Y, et al. Measuring decision quality: psychometric evaluation of a new instrument for breast cancer surgery. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2012;12:1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"key":"3346_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2022.107617","volume":"108","author":"H Vo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vo H, Valentine K, Barry MJ, Sepucha KR. Evaluation of the shared decision-making process scale in cancer screening and medication decisions. Patient Educ Couns. 2023;108:107617.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"KR Sepucha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Feibelmann S, Cosenza C, Levin CA, Pignone M. Development and evaluation of a new survey instrument to measure the quality of colorectal cancer screening decisions. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2014;14(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-149","volume":"12","author":"KR Sepucha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Stacey D, Clay CF, et al. Decision quality instrument for treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis: a psychometric evaluation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12(1):1\u201312.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"3346_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02822-4","volume":"30","author":"JJ Gagnier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gagnier JJ, Lai J, Mokkink LB, Terwee CB. COSMIN reporting guideline for studies on measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures. Qual Life Res. 2021;30(8):2197\u2013218.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.002","volume":"64","author":"J Kottner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kottner J, Audig\u00e9 L, Brorson S, et al. Guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS) were proposed. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(1):96\u2013106.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3346_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-016-1153-8","volume":"33","author":"AJ Housten","year":"2018","unstructured":"Housten AJ, Lowenstein LM, Leal VB, Volk RJ. Responsiveness of a brief measure of lung cancer screening knowledge. J Cancer Educ. 2018;33(4):842\u20136.","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"key":"3346_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.07.008","volume":"4","author":"LM Lowenstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lowenstein LM, Richards VF, Leal VB, et al. A brief measure of smokers\u2019 knowledge of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography. Prev Med Rep. 2016;4:351\u20136.","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"3346_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X20977878","volume":"41","author":"K Valentine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valentine K, Vo H, Fowler FJ Jr, Brodney S, Barry MJ, Sepucha KR. Development and evaluation of the shared decision making process scale: a short patient-reported measure. Med Decis Mak. 2021;41(2):108\u201319.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"issue":"3","key":"3346_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4445","volume":"11","author":"NQP Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan NQP, Nishi SP, Lowenstein LM, et al. Impact of the shared decision-making process on lung cancer screening decisions. Cancer Med. 2022;11(3):790\u20137.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X14549921","volume":"28","author":"FJ Fowler Jr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fowler FJ Jr, Lloyd SJ, Cosenza CA, Wilson IB. Coding cognitive interviews: an approach to enhancing the value of cognitive testing for survey question evaluation. Field Methods. 2016;28(1):3\u201320.","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.01.041","volume":"160","author":"SP Nishi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nishi SP, Lowenstein LM, Mendoza TR, et al. Shared decision-making for lung cancer screening: how well are we sharing? Chest. 2021;160(1):330\u201340.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"3346_CR21","unstructured":"U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Lung cancer: screening. https:\/\/www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org\/uspstf\/recommendation\/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013. Accessed May 18, 2024."},{"issue":"9","key":"3346_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12402","volume":"70","author":"DL Streiner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Streiner DL, Kottner J. Recommendations for reporting the results of studies of instrument and scale development and testing. J Adv Nurs. 2014;70(9):1970\u20139.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"3346_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"S Brodney","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brodney S, Valentine K, Sepucha K. Psychometric evaluation of a decision quality instrument for medication decisions for treatment of depression symptoms. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2021;21:1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.05.011","volume":"78","author":"K Sepucha","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sepucha K, Ozanne EM. How to define and measure concordance between patients\u2019 preferences and medical treatments: a systematic review of approaches and recommendations for standardization. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;78(1):12\u201323.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"8","key":"3346_CR25","first-page":"e308","volume":"56","author":"F L\u00e9gar\u00e9","year":"2010","unstructured":"L\u00e9gar\u00e9 F, Kearing S, Clay K, Gagnon S, D\u2019Amours D, Rousseau M, O\u2019Connor A. Are you SURE? Assessing patient decisional conflict with a 4-item screening test. Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(8):e308\u201314.","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3085","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3085","volume":"16","author":"PJ Barr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barr PJ, Thompson R, Walsh T, Grande SW, Ozanne EM, Elwyn G. The psychometric properties of collaborate: a fast and frugal patient-reported measure of the shared decision-making process. J Med Internet Res. 2014;16(1):e3085.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"3346_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta2140","volume":"2","author":"R Fitzpatrick","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick R, Davey C, Buxton MJ, Jones DR. Evaluating patient-based outcome measures for use in clinical trials. Health Technol Assess. 1998;2(14):1\u201374.","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"3346_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/001316447203200206","volume":"32","author":"RL Brennan","year":"1972","unstructured":"Brennan RL. A generalized upper-lower item discrimination index. Educ Psychol Meas. 1972;32(2):289\u2013303.","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"3346_CR29","volume-title":"Essentials of educational measurement","author":"RL Ebel","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ebel RL, Frisbie DA. Essentials of educational measurement. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.; 1972."},{"issue":"3","key":"3346_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh ML. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochemia Med. 2012;22(3):276\u201382.","journal-title":"Biochemia Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-14-73","volume":"14","author":"CN Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee CN, Wetschler MH, Chang Y, Belkora JK, Moy B, Partridge A, Sepucha KR. Measuring decision quality: psychometric evaluation of a new instrument for breast cancer chemotherapy. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2014;14(1):73.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"issue":"3","key":"3346_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.2752","volume":"51","author":"A Lovakov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lovakov A, Agadullina ER. Empirically derived guidelines for effect size interpretation in social psychology. Eur J Soc Psychol. 2021;51(3):485\u2013504.","journal-title":"Eur J Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3346_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30489","volume":"123","author":"AS Hoffman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR, et al. An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: A randomized controlled trial. Cancer. 2017;123(8):1401\u20138.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"3346_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.4039","volume":"3","author":"YK Lau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lau YK, Caverly TJ, Cherng ST, Cao P, West M, Arenberg D, Meza R. Development and validation of a personalized, web-based decision aid for lung cancer screening using mixed methods: a study protocol. JMIR Res Protoc. 2014;3(4):e78.","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"3346_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-019-01540-3","volume":"35","author":"LC Sakoda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sakoda LC, Meyer MA, Chawla N, et al. Effectiveness of a patient education class to enhance knowledge about lung cancer screening: a quality improvement evaluation. J Cancer Educ. 2020;35(5):897\u2013904.","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0582-1","volume":"18","author":"DS Reuland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reuland DS, Cubillos L, Brenner AT, Harris RP, Minish B, Pignone MP. A pre-post study testing a lung cancer screening decision aid in primary care. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2018;18(1):5.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.12.048","volume":"158","author":"J Monu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Monu J, Triplette M, Wood DE, Wolff EM, Lavallee DC, Flum DR, Farjah F. Evaluating knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about lung cancer screening using crowdsourcing. Chest. 2020;158(1):386\u201392.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12433","volume":"20","author":"L Carter-Harris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carter-Harris L, Ceppa DP, Hanna N, Rawl SM. Lung cancer screening: what do long\u2010term smokers know and believe? Health Expect. 2017;20(1):59\u201368.","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"issue":"3","key":"3346_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.10.027","volume":"151","author":"PJ Mazzone","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mazzone PJ, Tenenbaum A, Seeley M, Petersen H, Lyon C, Han X, Wang X-F. Impact of a lung cancer screening counseling and shared decision-making visit. Chest. 2017;151(3):572\u20138.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"3346_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238146832412868","DOI":"10.1177\/23814683241286884","volume":"9","author":"L Schweiger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schweiger L, Golden SE, Sullivan DR, et al. Is lung cancer screening knowledge associated with patient-centered outcomes? A multi-institutional cohort study. MDM Policy Pract. 2024;9(2):23814683241286884.","journal-title":"MDM Policy Pract"},{"key":"3346_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2019.04.026","volume":"133","author":"M Lowenstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lowenstein M, Vijayaraghavan M, Burke NJ, et al. Real-world lung cancer screening decision-making: barriers and facilitators. Lung Cancer. 2019;133:32\u20137.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"3346_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams RM, Beck KH, Butler J 3rd, Lee S, Wang MQ, Taylor KL, Knott CL. Lung cancer screening decisional needs among African American smokers of lower socioeconomic status. Ethn Health. 2022;27(3):565\u201383.","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2020.1771681"},{"issue":"18","key":"3346_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182532924","volume":"37","author":"KR Sepucha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sepucha KR, Feibelmann S, Abdu WA, et al. Psychometric evaluation of a decision quality instrument for treatment of lumbar herniated disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012;37(18):1609\u201316.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.02.003","volume":"164","author":"GA Silvestri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Silvestri GA, Goldman L, Tanner NT, et al. Outcomes from more than 1 million people screened for lung cancer with low-dose CT imaging. Chest. 2023;164(1):241\u201351.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"3346_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2025102","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.25102","volume":"3","author":"MA Lopez-Olivo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopez-Olivo MA, Maki KG, Choi NJ, et al. Patient adherence to screening for lung cancer in the US: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(11):e2025102\u20132025102.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"3346_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237437352110608","DOI":"10.1177\/23743735211060811","volume":"8","author":"FJ Fowler Jr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fowler FJ Jr, Sepucha KR, Stringfellow V, Valentine K. Validation of the SDM process scale to evaluate shared decision-making at clinical sites. J Patient Exp. 2021;8:23743735211060811.","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"issue":"6","key":"3346_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X19855951","volume":"39","author":"S Brodney","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brodney S, Fowler FJ Jr, Barry MJ, Chang Y, Sepucha K. Comparison of three measures of shared decision making: SDM Process_4, CollaboRATE, and SURE scales. Med Decis Mak. 2019;39(6):673\u201380.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"3346_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-014-0632-9","volume":"23","author":"DF Polit","year":"2014","unstructured":"Polit DF. Getting serious about test\u2013retest reliability: a critique of retest research and some recommendations. Qual Life Res. 2014;23:1713\u201320.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3346_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3054","volume":"178","author":"AT Brenner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brenner AT, Malo TL, Margolis M, Lafata JE, James S, Vu MB, Reuland DS. Evaluating shared decision making for lung cancer screening. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(10):1311\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"3346_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4350-9","volume":"33","author":"RS Wiener","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wiener RS, Koppelman E, Bolton R, et al. Patient and clinician perspectives on shared decision-making in early adopting lung cancer screening programs: a qualitative study. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33:1035\u201342.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3346_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1920362","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.20362","volume":"3","author":"RJ Volk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Volk RJ, Lowenstein LM, Leal VB, et al. Effect of a patient decision aid on lung cancer screening decision-making by persons who smoke: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(1):e1920362\u20131920362.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"3346_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.05.610","volume":"158","author":"MI Fukunaga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fukunaga MI, Halligan K, Kodela J, et al. Tools to promote shared decision-making in lung cancer screening using low-dose CT scanning: a systematic review. Chest. 2020;158(6):2646\u201357.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"3346_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2018.0128","volume":"22","author":"CS Shusted","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shusted CS, Barta JA, Lake M, et al. The case for patient navigation in lung cancer screening in vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Pop Health Manag. 2019;22(4):347\u201361.","journal-title":"Pop Health Manag"},{"issue":"10","key":"3346_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202003-262OC","volume":"17","author":"AC Melzer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Melzer AC, Golden SE, Ono SS, Datta S, Triplette M, Slatore CG. We just never have enough time. Clinician views of lung cancer screening processes and implementation. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020;17(10):1264\u201372.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"3346_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201703-204PS","volume":"14","author":"L Carter-Harris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carter-Harris L, Gould MK. Multilevel barriers to the successful implementation of lung cancer screening: why does it have to be so hard? Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017;14(8):1261\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"3346_CR56","first-page":"238146831988165","volume":"4","author":"MM Schapira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schapira MM, Faghri A, Jacobs EA, et al. Communication and shared decision-making in the breast cancer treatment consultation: a comparative analysis of English- and Spanish-speaking patients. MDM Policy Pract. 2019;4(2):238146831988165.","journal-title":"MDM Policy Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"3346_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-04847-5","volume":"34","author":"L Diamond","year":"2019","unstructured":"Diamond L, Izquierdo K, Canfield D, Matsoukas K, Gany F. A systematic review of the impact of patient\u2013physician non\u2013English Language concordance on quality of care and outcomes. J Gen Intern Med. 2019;34(8):1591\u2013606.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:37:39Z","timestamp":1781635059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03346-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (PA14-0072) and The University of Texas Medical Branch (18\u20130084). The need to obtain participants\u2019 consent to participate was waived by the Institutional Review Boards at both institutions. Participants were provided a consent statement before both surveys.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}