{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:18:38Z","timestamp":1759335518393,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003009","name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["open access agreement"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["open access agreement"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002352","name":"Ain Shams University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nurs"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an illness that has critical effects on public health and overall circumstances across the world. The performance of nurses represents the vital actions in providing care for COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to assess job performance and associated nurses, patients, and environmental-related factors among nurses providing care to COVID-19 patients in Egypt through the following: assessing the nurses\u2019 knowledge regarding care of COVID-19 patients; assessing the nurses\u2019 practice regarding care of COVID-19 patients; assessing different factors that affect different types of nurses' job performance; and assessing the factors associated with the job performance of nurses providing care to COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold> A descriptive exploratory study was used to meet the aim of the study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold> The study was conducted at Ain Shams University COVID-19 Hospital.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study subjects<\/jats:bold> A convenient sample of all 52 available nurses working at Ain Shams University COVID-19 Hospital. Data collection tools: The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. It consisted of the following: A. Self-administered nurses\u2019 questionnaire: Part I: Demographic characteristics of nurses. Part II: Nurses knowledge assessment. Part III: Factors associated with nurses' job performance. B. Narses\u2019s practice observational checklist. Results: The mean age (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) of the study population was 40.59\u2009\u00b1\u20096.90. As regards their years of experience working as nurses, only 32.7% of them have more than ten years of experience. In relation to the total satisfactory level of knowledge about coronavirus, the study reveals that 55.8% of the nurses have unsatisfactory knowledge regarding coronavirus, There is a highly significant relationship between level of practice and years of experience (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001**), while there is a significant relationship between level of practice and educational level and attending the training courses about caring for COVID-19 patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value 0.033*, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value 0.025*), respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold> The study concluded that most of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge, and more than half had incompetent practice scores about nursing care practices for patients with COVID-19. There was a positive linear correlation between the nurses' knowledge and practice. The factors affecting their performance in caring for patients with COVID-19, lack of cooperation between nurses and patients, lack of supplies and equipment during care were the most frequently reported factors, as were an unequal nurse-patient ratio, many nursing tasks, and a lack of patients' knowledge.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Recommendation<\/jats:bold> The study recommends the importance of promoting the nursing care guidelines as a standard procedure in ICUs, and the nursing care guideline educational program for patients with COVID-19 should be scheduled regularly for nurses. Providing the hospitals with supplies to avoid the shortage's effect on nurses\u2019 performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T14:03:26Z","timestamp":1732025006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors influencing job performance of nurses in COVID-19 care: a study in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9390-8330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman Muhammad Kamel","family":"Senosy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2479_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. World Health Organization Web site. https:\/\/www.who.int. Updated August 29, 2020. Accessed 29 Aug 2020."},{"key":"2479_CR2","unstructured":"Marco Cascella; Michael Rajnik; Abdul Aleem; Scott C. Dulebohn; Raffaela Di Napoli. : Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19), National Library of Medicine.2022. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK55"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12853","volume":"55","author":"N Reynolds","year":"2023","unstructured":"Reynolds N, Baker D, Docal M, Goldstein N, Grubb L, et al. COVID-19: Implications for Nursing and Health Care in the United States. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2023;55(1):187\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnu.12853. Published online 2022 Dec 30.","journal-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh"},{"key":"2479_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yulianti R. The analysis of nurse performance during COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from private hospital in Tangerang. J Theory Manage. 2021. Available Online : August 28, 2021 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20473\/jmtt.v14i2.27672.","DOI":"10.20473\/jmtt.v14i2.27672"},{"key":"2479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu Q, Luo D, Haase JE, Guo Q, Wang XQ, Liu S, Xia L, Liu Z. The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study. 2019.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30204-7. PMID: 32573443 .PMCID: PMC7190296","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30204-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"2479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.24990\/injec.v5i2.339","volume":"5","author":"N Nursalam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nursalam N, Sukartini T, Maf\u2019ula D, Priyantini D. Quality of Nursing Worklife Based on Caring Model for Improving Nurse Performance in Hospitals. Indones Nurs J Educ Clin (Inject). 2020;5(2):172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24990\/injec.v5i2.339.","journal-title":"Indones Nurs J Educ Clin (Inject)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1177\/09697330221114339","volume":"30","author":"M Momeni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Momeni M, Khatooni M. Nurses\u2019 professional commitment in COVID-19 crisis: A qualitative study. Nurs Ethics. 2023;30(3):449\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09697330221114339. Published online 2023 Jan 27.","journal-title":"Nurs Ethics."},{"key":"2479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805631","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.805631","volume":"10","author":"S Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding S, Deng S, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Liu Z, Huang J, Yang X. Experiences and needs of front-line nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Front Public Health. 2022;10:805631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.805631. Published online 2022 Jul 22.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23311975.2018.1470891","volume":"5","author":"K Sendawula","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sendawula K, NakyejweKimuli S, Bananuka J, NajjembaMuganga G. Training, employee engagement and employee performance: Evidence from Uganda\u2019s health sector. Cogent Bus Manage. 2018;5(1):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311975.2018.1470891.","journal-title":"Cogent Bus Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13168","volume":"29","author":"LJ Larague","year":"2021","unstructured":"Larague LJ, de los Santos JAA. Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction, and turnover intention among frontline nurses. J Nurs Manage. 2021;29(3):395\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jonm.13168.","journal-title":"J Nurs Manage."},{"issue":"2","key":"2479_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.24843\/coping.2020.v08.i02.p07","volume":"8","author":"NPE Darma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Darma NPE, Susiladewi IAMV, Pradiksa H. An overview of the motivation to work as a nurse during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic in Bali. Coping. 2020;8(2):155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24843\/coping.2020.v08.i02.p07. Community of Publishing in Nursing.","journal-title":"Coping"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-017-0204-5","volume":"15","author":"A Semachew","year":"2017","unstructured":"Semachew A, Belachew T, Tesfaye T, Adinew YM. Predictors of job satisfaction among nurses working in Ethiopian public hospitals, 2014: institution-based cross-sectional study. Hum Resour Health. 2017;15(1):31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12960-017-0204-5.","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"2479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15707","volume":"2020","author":"M Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zhang P, Liu Y, Wang H, Hu K, Du M. Influence of perceived stress and workload on work engagement in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Clin Nurs. 2021;2020:1584\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.15707.","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733020956376","volume":"28","author":"D Sperling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sperling D. Ethical dilemmas, perceived risk, and motivation among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing Ethics. 2021;28(1):9\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0969733020956376.","journal-title":"Nursing Ethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4038\/sljhrm.v10i1.5649","volume":"10","author":"HHDNP Opatha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Opatha HHDNP. The Coronavirus and The Employees: a Study from the Point of Human Resource Management. Sri Lankan J Hum Resource Manage. 2020;10(1):37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4038\/sljhrm.v10i1.5649.","journal-title":"Sri Lankan J Hum Resource Manage"},{"issue":"8 August","key":"2479_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237303","volume":"15","author":"L Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang L, Lei W, Xu F, Liu H, Yu L. Emotional responses and coping strategies in nurses and nursing students during the COVID-19 outbreak: A comparative study. PLoS One. 2020;15(8 August):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0237303.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al Jaghsi A, Saeed M, Abu Fanas S. et al. Validity and reliability of new instruments for measuring patient satisfaction with removable dentures, Arabic Version. BMC Oral Health 2021;21:446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01811-w.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01811-w"},{"key":"2479_CR18","first-page":"8791","volume":"28","author":"R Said","year":"2021","unstructured":"Said R, El-Shafei D. Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and intent to leave: nurses working on front lines during COVID-19 pandemic in Zagazig City, Egypt. Research. 2021;28:8791\u2013801.","journal-title":"Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2479_CR19","first-page":"e13017","volume":"27","author":"A El-Monshed","year":"2021","unstructured":"El-Monshed A, Amr M, Ali A, Elmasry Y, Zoromba M. Nurses\u2019 knowledge, concerns, perceived impact and preparedness toward COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey. Int J NursPract. 2021;27(6):e13017.","journal-title":"Int J NursPract"},{"key":"2479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.13047","author":"M Darawad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Darawad M, Abu Fedddeh S, Saleh A. Factors affecting the caring performance of newly graduated Nurses\u2019 working in critical care units. Int J Nurs Pract. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.13047.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"2479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-022-01055-1","volume":"21","author":"F Maghsoud","year":"2022","unstructured":"Maghsoud F, Rezaei M, Asgarian F, Rassouli M. Workload and quality of nursing care: the mediating role of implicit rationing of nursing care, job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion by using structural equations modeling approach. BMC Nurs. 2022;21:273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-022-01055-1. Published online 2022 Oct 8.","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"2479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2021.2736","volume":"11","author":"M Rahmah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahmah M, Hariyati T, Sahar J. Nurses\u2019 efforts to maintain competence: A qualitative study. J Public Health Res. 2022;11(2):2736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2736. Published online 2021 Dec 1.","journal-title":"J Public Health Res."},{"key":"2479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2021045","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2021045","volume":"43","author":"AE El-Qushayri","year":"2021","unstructured":"El-Qushayri AE, Dahy A, Reda A, Mahmoud MA, Mageed SA, Kamel AMA, Ghozy S. A closer look at the high burden of psychiatric disorders among healthcare workers in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021045.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-5153.2010.00392","volume":"15","author":"K Bray","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bray K, Wren I, Baldwin A, StLedger U, Gibson V, Goodman S, Walsh D. Standards for nurse staffing in critical care units determined by: the British association of critical care nurses, the Criti- cal care networks national nurse leads, royal college of nursing Criti- cal care and in-flight forum. Nurs Crit Care. 2010;15(3):109\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1478-5153.2010.00392.","journal-title":"Nurs Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12124","volume":"20","author":"M Al-Hussami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Hussami M, Darawad M, Saleh A, Hayajneh F. Predicting nurses\u2019 turnover intentions by demographic characteristics, perception of health, quality of work, and work attitudes. Int J Nurs Pract. 2013;20(1):79\u201388.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"2479_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70882","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070882","volume":"8","author":"F Eldevik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eldevik F, Flo E, Moen E, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Insomnia, excessive sleepiness, excessive fatigue, anxiety, depression and shift work disorder in nurses having less than 11 hours in-between shifts. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e70882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0070882.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4112-3","volume":"17","author":"T Cheung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheung T, Yip PS. Workplace violence towards nurses in Hong Kong: prevalence and correlates. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"2479_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.351","volume":"6","author":"M Keykaleh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keykaleh M, Safarpour H, Yousefian S, Faghisolouk F, Mohammadi E, Ghomian Z. The Relationship between Nurse\u2019s Job Stress and Patient Safety. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018;6(11):2228\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3889\/oamjms.2018.351. Published online 2018 Nov 23.","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"2479_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.05.026","volume":"15","author":"M El-Bardan","year":"2021","unstructured":"El-Bardan M, Lathahavan R. Fear of COVID-19 scale: Psychometric properties, reliability and validity in Egyptian population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2021;15:102153.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev"},{"key":"2479_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendy A, Abozeid A, Abdel Fattah H, Abdelkader F. Predictive factors affecting stress among nurses providing care.Egypt. 2020","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.652"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1159\/000452442","volume":"23","author":"J Mahmood","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mahmood J, St\u00f8en Grotmol K, Tesli M, Vaglum P, Tyssen R. Contextual factors and mental distress as possible predictors of haz- ardous drinking in Norwegian medical doctors: a 15-year longitudinal, nationwide study. Eur Addict Res. 2016;23(1):19\u201327.","journal-title":"Eur Addict Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2479_CR32","first-page":"120","volume":"33","author":"ER Greenglass","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greenglass ER, Burke RJ. Stress and the effects of hospital restructuring in nurses. Can J Nurs Res Arch. 2016;33(2):120\u20138.","journal-title":"Can J Nurs Res Arch"},{"issue":"1","key":"2479_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-016-0158-2","volume":"15","author":"T Dagget","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dagget T, Molla A, Belachew T. Job related stress among nurses working in Jimma zone public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing. 2016;15(1):39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-016-0158-2.","journal-title":"BMC Nursing"},{"issue":"4","key":"2479_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1111\/nuf.12633","volume":"56","author":"M Kellogg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kellogg M, Scherr A, Ayotte B. \u201cAll of this was awful:\u201d Exploring the experience of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in the United States. Nurs Forum. 2021;56(4):869\u201377.","journal-title":"Nurs Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"2479_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.5430\/jha.v4n3p45","volume":"4","author":"OE James","year":"2015","unstructured":"James OE, Ella R, Nkamare SE, Lukpata FE, Uwa SL, Mbum PA. Effect of reward system among health care workers performance: a case study of university of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria. J Hospital Admin. 2015;4(3):45\u201353 http:\/\/www.sciedu.ca\/journal\/index.php\/jha\/article\/download\/6010\/4087.","journal-title":"J Hospital Admin"},{"key":"2479_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aljanabi M and Mohammad Z. Relation between Nurses' Performance and their Demographic Data, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.6962611.2022.","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.6962611.2022"},{"issue":"4","key":"2479_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12390","volume":"50","author":"H Cho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho H, Han K. Associations among nursing work environment and health-promoting behaviors of nurses and nursing performance quality: a multilevel modeling approach. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2018;50(4):403\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnu.12390. Epub 2018 May 14.","journal-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh"},{"key":"2479_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-022-01107-6","volume":"21","author":"HE El-Gazar","year":"2022","unstructured":"El-Gazar HE, Abdelhafez S, Zoromba MA. Effects of the areas of worklife on job embeddedness: a national cross-sectional study among Egyptian nurses. BMC Nurs. 2022;21:353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-022-01107-6.","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"}],"container-title":["BMC Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T02:03:11Z","timestamp":1732068191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02479-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6955"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-6955"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Official approval was obtained from the scientific research ethics committee <i>Faculty of Nursing Ain Shams University,<\/i> REC which operated according to the guidelines of the International Council of Harmonization (ICH) and the Islamic Organization for Medical Science (IOMS) on Ain Shams university for conducting the current study. All methods were performed following the guidelines and regulations recommended by the Helsinki Declaration. Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants in the study.Nurses were informed that they were allowed to choose whether to participate or not in the study and they had the right to withdraw from the study at any time without giving any reasons. Confidently all information was secured.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"846"}}