{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T21:21:54Z","timestamp":1790025714839,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Port Said University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nurs"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Parenting practices are relevant in shaping children\u2019s psychological development, and positive parenting tends to be associated with positive outcomes. These practices significantly affect adolescents\u2019 mental health by influencing depression, suicidal behaviours, and attitudes towards suicide.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To examine the predictive role of parenting styles and depression in vulnerability to suicidal ideation among university students.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A descriptive correlational study was conducted with 480 university students recruited using stratified multistage cluster sampling from the Faculty of Health Sciences (Medicine and Nursing), Mathematical Sciences (Engineering and Computer Science), and Human Sciences (Arts and Commerce) at Port-Said University. The instruments used for data collection included the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), Beck Depression Inventory, Morey Suicidal Ideation Scale (SUI), and a sociodemographic data sheet. Statistical analysis included Spearman correlation, non-parametric tests, and mediation analysis to explore the direct and indirect relationships.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Participants\u2019 ratings ranged from moderate levels of depression (13.85\u2009\u00b1\u20097.68) to suicidal ideation (10.20\u2009\u00b1\u20095.32). In this regard, participants provided higher ratings for the scores of authoritative parenting reported by both mothers and fathers, with mean scores of 48.61\u2009\u00b1\u200910.59 and 45.96\u2009\u00b1\u200910.34, respectively. Suicidal ideation was somewhat negatively related to parenting style (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and there was a negative relationship between depression and the maternal parenting style (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). In contrast, depression was positively correlated with suicidal ideation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study concluded that Parenting styles significantly influence university students\u2019 mental health. Warmth combined with structure in parenting, which is authoritative parenting, is associated with lower levels of depression and suicidal ideation. These findings suggest that promoting positive parenting practices may foster students\u2019 mental well-being.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical trial<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>No clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T08:04:11Z","timestamp":1750406651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The role of parenting styles and depression in predicting suicidal ideation vulnerability among university students"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mai","family":"El-Ghareap Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soma Ibrahim","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal Sobhy","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Elemam","family":"Hafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ateya Megahed","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"3307_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 2021. Mental health of adolescents\u2019. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO). Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/adolescent-mental-health"},{"issue":"9","key":"3307_CR2","first-page":"938","volume":"23","author":"EZ Cong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cong EZ, Cai YY, Wang Y, Wu Y. Association of depression and suicidal ideation with parenting style in adolescents\u2019, Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za zhi\u2009=\u2009chinese. J Contemp Pediatr. 2021;23(9):938\u201343.","journal-title":"J Contemp Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"3307_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1080\/13811118.2021.2022551","volume":"26","author":"KW Reeves","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reeves KW, Vasconez G, Weiss SJ. Characteristics of suicidal ideation: a systematic review. Archives Suicide Res. 2022;26(4):1736\u201356.","journal-title":"Archives Suicide Res"},{"key":"3307_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.08.100","volume":"341","author":"M Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang M, Qin A, Wei Z, Sun L. Differentiating the associations between alcohol use, cigarette smoking, and conditional suicidal behaviors among adolescents\u2019. J Affect Disord. 2023;341:112\u20138.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"3307_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033751","volume":"81","author":"RC O\u2019Connor","year":"2013","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor RC, Smyth R, Ferguson E, Ryan C, Williams JMG. Psychological processes and repeat suicidal behavior: A four-year prospective study\u2019. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2013;81(6):1137.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.e30","volume":"108","author":"G Slap","year":"2001","unstructured":"Slap G, Goodman E, Huang B. Adoption as a risk factor for attempted suicide during adolescence\u2019. Pediatrics. 2001;108(2):e30\u201330.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3307_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3211-x","volume":"16","author":"A Zaborskis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zaborskis A, Sirvyte D, Zemaitiene N. Prevalence and Familial predictors of suicidal behaviour among adolescents in lithuania: A cross-sectional survey 2014\u2019. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:1\u201315.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"3307_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-016-0611-6","volume":"26","author":"F Nunes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nunes F, Mota CP. Parenting styles and suicidal ideation in adolescents: mediating effect of attachment\u2019. J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26:734\u201347.","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431691111004","volume":"11","author":"D Baumrind","year":"1991","unstructured":"Baumrind D. The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use\u2019. J Early Adolescence. 1991;11(1):56\u201395.","journal-title":"J Early Adolescence"},{"key":"3307_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lareau A. Unequal childhoods: class, race, and family life. Inequality in the 21st century. Routledge; 2018. pp. 444\u201351.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429499821-75"},{"key":"3307_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-017-0683-y","volume":"26","author":"HH Lo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lo HH, Kwok SY, Yeung JW, Low AY, Tam CH. The moderating effects of gratitude on the association between perceived parenting styles and suicidal ideation\u2019. J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26:1671\u201380.","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"issue":"4","key":"3307_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2013.05.002","volume":"36","author":"AM Boudreault-Bouchard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boudreault-Bouchard AM, Dion J, Hains J, Vandermeerschen J, Laberge L, Perron M. Impact of parental emotional support and coercive control on adolescents\u2019 self-esteem and psychological distress: results of a four-year longitudinal study\u2019. J Adolesc. 2013;36(4):695\u2013704.","journal-title":"J Adolesc"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2016.03.001","volume":"5","author":"AA Brassell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brassell AA, Rosenberg E, Parent J, Rough JN, Fondacaro K, Seehuus M. Parent\u2019s psychological flexibility: associations with parenting and child psychosocial well-being\u2019. J Context Behav Sci. 2016;5(2):111\u201320.","journal-title":"J Context Behav Sci"},{"key":"3307_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2016.06.026","volume":"49","author":"LR Diaconu-Gherasim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Diaconu-Gherasim LR, M\u0103irean C. Perception of parenting styles and academic achievement: the mediating role of goal orientations. Learn Individual Differences. 2016;49:378\u201385.","journal-title":"Learn Individual Differences"},{"key":"3307_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-6-31","volume":"6","author":"G Lipps","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lipps G, Lowe GA, Gibson RC, Halliday S, Morris A, Clarke N, Wilson RN. Parenting and depressive symptoms among adolescents in four Caribbean societies. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Mental Health. 2012;6:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Mental Health"},{"key":"3307_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.02.012","volume":"15","author":"JG Smetana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smetana JG. Current research on parenting styles, dimensions, and beliefs\u2019. Curr Opin Psychol. 2017;15:19\u201325.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"3307_CR17","unstructured":"Kaur M. The effect of parenting styles on depression among college students. St. John\u2019s University (New York); 2021."},{"key":"3307_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Siqueira-Campos VM, De e MSC, Carneiro LA, Naghettini AV, Pereira MAD, de Deus JM, Conde DM. (2021). Dysfunctional parenting styles are associated with mental disorders and low self-efficacy beliefs in Brazilian undergraduate medical students. BioMed Research International, 2021, Article 6372922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6372922.","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6372922"},{"key":"3307_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877306","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.877306","volume":"13","author":"S Tugnoli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tugnoli S, Casetta I, Caracciolo S, Salviato J. Parental bonding, depression, and suicidal ideation in medical students. Front Psychol. 2022;13:877306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.877306.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"3307_CR20","unstructured":"Chand SP, Arif H, Kutlenios RM. (2023). Depression (Nursing). In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing."},{"issue":"S7","key":"3307_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01326.x","volume":"187","author":"PD McGorry","year":"2007","unstructured":"McGorry PD, Purcell R, Hickie IB, Jorm AF. Investing in youth mental health is a best buy. Med J Aust. 2007;187(S7):S5\u20137.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"3307_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00543","volume":"10","author":"E Bernaras","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernaras E, Jaureguizar J, Garaigordobil M. Child and adolescent depression: A review of theories, evaluation instruments, prevention programs, and treatments\u2019. Front Psychol. 2019;10:543.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"3307_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Br\u00e5dvik L. (2018). Suicide risk and mental disorders\u2019, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), p. 2028.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15092028"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"3307_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.01.004","volume":"147","author":"K Hawton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hawton K, i Comabella CC, Haw C, Saunders K. Risk factors for suicide in individuals with depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2013;147(1\u20133):17\u201328.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"3307_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14040263","volume":"14","author":"J Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin J, Guo W. The research on risk factors for adolescents\u2019 mental health\u2019. Behav Sci. 2024;14(4):263.","journal-title":"Behav Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3307_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12831","volume":"59","author":"CB Cha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cha CB, Franz PJ, Guzm\u00e1n EM, Glenn CR, Kleiman EM, Nock MK. Annual research review: suicide among youth\u2013epidemiology, (potential) etiology, and treatment\u2019. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018;59(4):460\u201382.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"18","key":"3307_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.18.1707","volume":"281","author":"MM Weissman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Weissman MM, Wolk S, Goldstein RB, Moreau D, Adams P, Greenwald S, et al. Depressed adolescents grown up. JAMA. 1999;281(18):1707\u201313.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3307_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mojtabai R, Olfson M, Han B. 2016. \u2018National trends in the prevalence and treatment of depression in adolescents and young adults\u2019. Pediatrics, 138(6).","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1878"},{"key":"3307_CR29","unstructured":"Moghadam HI. (2024). Investigating the relationship between parenting styles and suicide ideation with the mediation of avoidant insecure attachment style\u2019. Int J Body Mind Cult, 11(2)."},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-023-00674-z","volume":"17","author":"W Ou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ou W, Yang Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Yang S, Lu Y, et al. Bridge symptoms between parenting styles and proximal psychological risk factors associated with adolescent suicidal thoughts: A network analysis\u2019. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Mental Health. 2023;17(1):129.","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1080\/13811118.2022.2066590","volume":"27","author":"YL Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen YL, Kuo PH. Social support reduces the risk of unfavorable parenting styles for suicidal behaviors in early adolescents\u2019. Archives Suicide Res. 2023;27(2):780\u201395.","journal-title":"Archives Suicide Res"},{"key":"3307_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, S. H., Lee, S. E., Lee, C. W., Maeng, S., Son, J., Kim, W. H.\u2026 and Kim, H.(2020). Association between perceived parenting style and adolescents\u2019 attitudes towards suicide\u2019, Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(4),p. 193.","DOI":"10.5765\/jkacap.200032"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1177\/13591045211055071","volume":"27","author":"ZH Fong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fong ZH, Loh WNC, Fong YJ, Neo HLM, Chee TT. Parenting behaviors, parenting styles, and non-suicidal self-injury in young people: A systematic review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022;27(1):61\u201381.","journal-title":"Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116645907","volume":"25","author":"ML Rogers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rogers ML, Stanley IH, Hom MA, Chiurliza B, Podlogar MC, Joiner TE. Conceptual and empirical scrutiny of covarying depression out of suicidal ideation. Assessment. 2018;25(2):159\u201372.","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"3307_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.029","volume":"278","author":"MW Gijzen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gijzen MW, Rasing SP, Creemers DH, Smit F, Engels RC, De Beurs D. Suicide ideation as a symptom of adolescent depression: A network analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021;278:68\u201377.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3307_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orri, M., Scardera, S., Perret, L. C., Bolanis, D., Temcheff, C., S\u00e9guin, J. R.,\u2026Geoffroy, M. C. (2020). Mental health problems and risk of suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents. Pediatrics, 146(1).","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-3823"},{"key":"3307_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayne SL, Hannan C, Davis M, Young JF, Kelly MK, Powell M et al. (2021). COVID-19 and adolescent depression and suicide risk screening outcomes\u2019. Pediatrics, 148(3).","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-051507"},{"key":"3307_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang L, Tong Y, Li M, Wang C, Li Y, Yuan M, Su P. Anxiety in adolescents and subsequent risk of suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders; 2024.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.005"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.23081","volume":"61","author":"J Guan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guan J, Liu B, Ma W, Liu C. The relationship between negative parenting styles and suicidal ideation among Chinese junior middle school students: the roles of negative emotions and hope. Psychol Sch. 2024;61(2):768\u201386.","journal-title":"Psychol Sch"},{"issue":"5","key":"3307_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.61838\/kman.jayps.4.5.8","volume":"4","author":"MS Darvishi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Darvishi MS, Kikhavani S, Ahmadi V, Mohamadian F. Structural model of suicidal thoughts based on parenting styles with the mediating role of self-esteem and social support. J Adolesc Youth Psychol Stud (JAYPS). 2023;4(5):81\u201394.","journal-title":"J Adolesc Youth Psychol Stud (JAYPS)"},{"key":"3307_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darling N, Steinberg L. Parenting style as context: an integrative model. Interpersonal development. Routledge; 2017. pp. 161\u201370.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351153683-8"},{"key":"3307_CR42","unstructured":"Beck AT. Depression: clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. Haper & Row; 1967."},{"key":"3307_CR43","unstructured":"Joiner T. Why people die by suicide. Harvard University Press; 2005."},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02487.x","volume":"52","author":"G Parker","year":"1979","unstructured":"Parker G, Tupling H, Brown LB. A parental bonding instrument. Br J Med Psychol. 1979;52(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Br J Med Psychol"},{"key":"3307_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009524626436","volume":"4","author":"L Sheeber","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sheeber L, Hops H, Davis B. Family processes in adolescent depression. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2001;4:19\u201335.","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"key":"3307_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas T, Scott JG, Munir K, Renzaho AM, Rawal LB, Baxter J, Mamun AA. (2020). Global variation in the prevalence of suicidal ideation, anxiety and their correlates among adolescents: a population based study of 82 countries. EClinicalMedicine, 24.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100395"},{"key":"3307_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lohr SL. Sampling: design and analysis. 3rd ed. Chapman and Hall\/CRC; 2021.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429298899"},{"key":"3307_CR48","unstructured":"Kish L. Survey sampling. Wiley; 1965."},{"key":"3307_CR49","unstructured":"Cochran WG. Sampling techniques. 3rd ed. Wiley; 1977."},{"key":"3307_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson SK. Sampling. 3rd ed. Wiley; 2012.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118162934"},{"key":"3307_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-05079-3","volume":"25","author":"V Bakken","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bakken V, Lydersen S, Skokauskas N, Sund AM, Kaasb\u00f8ll J. Protective factors for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adolescence: A longitudinal population-based cohort study examining sex differences. BMC Psychiatry. 2025;25:106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-05079-3.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"3307_CR52","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Routledge; 1988."},{"key":"3307_CR53","unstructured":"Hulley SB, Cummings SR, Browner WS, Grady D, Newman TB. Designing clinical research. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013."},{"key":"3307_CR54","unstructured":"Robinson CC, Mandleco B, Olsen SF, Hart CH. (2001). The parenting styles and dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ)\u2019, in Handbook of family measurement techniques. Vol. 3, pp. 319\u2013321."},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR55","first-page":"44","volume":"32","author":"AA Abdelwahab","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelwahab AA, Sayed YM, Mohamed SR. Relation between care burden, parenting style and resilience among caregivers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Tanta Sci Nurs J. 2024;32(1):44\u201362.","journal-title":"Tanta Sci Nurs J"},{"issue":"6","key":"3307_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","volume":"4","author":"AT Beck","year":"1961","unstructured":"Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression\u2019. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561\u201371.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.1.264","volume":"82","author":"AM Abdel-Khalek","year":"1998","unstructured":"Abdel-Khalek AM. Internal consistency of an Arabic adaptation of the Beck depression inventory in four Arab countries\u2019. Psychol Rep. 1998;82(1):264\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.1.264.","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"3307_CR58","unstructured":"Morey LC. The personality assessment inventory. Personality assessment. Routledge; 2014. pp. 181\u2013228."},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR59","first-page":"149","volume":"28","author":"AAW El Salamony","year":"2023","unstructured":"El Salamony AAW, Zewiel MAA, Elsayes HA. Enhancing self-control among university students at risk for suicide through adaptation strategies. Tanta Sci Nurs J. 2023;28(1):149\u201368.","journal-title":"Tanta Sci Nurs J"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.18848\/2327-0063\/CGP\/v22i02\/61-84","volume":"22","author":"B Ambe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ambe B, Amalu M, Bekomson A, Arikpo EB, Agbor C, Etan M, et al. Impact of Familial and social stressors on university students\u2019 learning outcomes, satisfaction, and academic achievements\u2019. Int J Humanit Educ. 2024;22(2):61.","journal-title":"Int J Humanit Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR61","first-page":"56","volume":"1","author":"M Ayaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ayaz M, Jawad M. Exploring psychological challenges and its influence on students learning at tertiary level\u2019. CARC Pedagogical Explorations. 2024;1(1):56\u201373.","journal-title":"CARC Pedagogical Explorations"},{"key":"3307_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vetrivel SC, Saravanan TP, Maheswari R, Arun VP. (2024). Coping mechanisms for stress among students at universities\u2019, in Student well-being in higher education institutions. IGI Global, pp. 157\u2013186.","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3693-4417-0.ch007"},{"issue":"13","key":"3307_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4425","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134425","volume":"12","author":"D Hammoudi Halat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hammoudi Halat D, Soltani A, Dalli R, Alsarraj L, Malki A. Understanding and fostering mental health and well-being among university faculty: A narrative review. J Clin Med. 2023;12(13):4425.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"3307_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433538","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433538","volume":"12","author":"M Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu M, Li J, Chang S, Liang Y, Wang Z. Effects of different parenting styles on the physical health of Chinese university students\u2019. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1433538.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3307_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.57125\/FS.2024.09.20.08","volume":"2","author":"N Muid","year":"2024","unstructured":"Muid N, Hafizul I, Amin R. The prevalence of mental health issues among the tertiary level students of bangladesh: A qualitative study on public universities of bangladesh\u2019. Futurity Social Sci. 2024;2(3):122\u201346.","journal-title":"Futurity Social Sci"},{"key":"3307_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02520-5","volume":"10","author":"U Akram","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akram U, Irvine K, Gardani M, et al. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, mania, insomnia, stress, suicidal ideation, psychotic experiences, & loneliness in UK university students. Sci Data. 2023;10:621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-023-02520-5.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"key":"3307_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.185","volume":"272","author":"U Akram","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akram U, Ypsilanti A, Gardani M, Irvine K, Allen S, Akram A, et al. Prevalence and psychiatric correlates of suicidal ideation in UK university students\u2019. J Affect Disord. 2020;272:191\u20137.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-022-00250-9","volume":"29","author":"MME Abozaid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abozaid MME, Aboserea MM, Metwally SM, AbElkhalek HA. Prevalence, psychosocial correlates of youths\u2019 suicidal behaviors and perspectives on the phenomena at Zagazig university: a mixed-methods study. Middle East Curr Psychiatry. 2022;29(1):86.","journal-title":"Middle East Curr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR69","first-page":"259","volume":"8","author":"J Simiyu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Simiyu J, Odhiambo WA, Nyabuto E. Prevalence of suicide ideation among university students: A case of Nyanza region, kenya\u2019. Afr J Educ Sci Technol. 2024;8(1):259\u201367.","journal-title":"Afr J Educ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3307_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.62345\/jads.2024.13.3.69","volume":"13","author":"M Ibrar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ibrar M, Khan NA, Amroz M. Impact of authoritative parenting style on self-esteem and resilience among undergraduate students. J Asian Dev Stud. 2024;13(3):851\u201360.","journal-title":"J Asian Dev Stud"},{"issue":"72","key":"3307_CR71","first-page":"100","volume":"14","author":"M Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z M. Relations between parenting styles and character strengths in university students\u2019. Turkish Psychol Counselling Guidance J. 2024;14(72):100\u201323.","journal-title":"Turkish Psychol Counselling Guidance J"},{"key":"3307_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-015-9320-3","volume":"35","author":"D Alt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alt D. Using structural equation modeling and multidimensional scaling to assess female college students\u2019 academic adjustment as a function of perceived parenting styles\u2019. Curr Psychol. 2016;35:549\u201361.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3307_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21608\/menj.2016.120311","volume":"1","author":"MA Hamied","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamied MA, El Malky M, Eita L, Alam F. Relationship between perceived parenting styles and depressive symptoms among selected university students. Menoufia Nurs J. 2016;1(2):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Menoufia Nurs J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR74","first-page":"84","volume":"32","author":"A Younis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Younis A, Gado I, Ghaffar A, Abd El Menem S, Shalaby MH. Relation between suicide probability and self-criticism among patients with major depressive disorder\u2019. Tanta Sci Nurs J. 2024;32(1):84\u201399.","journal-title":"Tanta Sci Nurs J"},{"key":"3307_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.092","volume":"349","author":"SS Sara","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sara SS, Rahman MA, Rahman R, Talukder A. Prediction of suicidal ideation with associated risk factors among university students in the Southern part of bangladesh: machine learning approach\u2019. J Affect Disord. 2024;349:502\u20138.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"3307_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.3390\/psychiatryint5030039","volume":"5","author":"IA Garc\u00eda-Montalvo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Montalvo IA, Mat\u00edas-P\u00e9rez D, L\u00f3pez-Castellanos SL, L\u00f3pez-Ram\u00edrez E, Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez M. Risk factors associated with suicidal ideation in students of the faculty of medicine and surgery, URSE. Psychiatry Int. 2024;5(3):544\u201351.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Int"},{"key":"3307_CR77","unstructured":"Uzoh MN, Nwatu AC, Aneke AC, Anikene BK, Omeje O. 2024. Depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation among Enugu State University of Science Undergraduate Students\u2019. Caritas J Psychol Behav Sci, 2(1)."},{"key":"3307_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-kholy HM, Mubarak A, AL-Deeb FA. (2023). Socioeconomic status and psychiatric comorbidity associated with suicidal behavior among a sample of Egyptian patients who attended Tanta University emergency hospital for suicide-related problems. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 30(1), p.24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-023-00290-9"},{"issue":"10","key":"3307_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0002460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002460","volume":"3","author":"H Fadakar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fadakar H, Kim J, Saunders LC, Kamel MM, Kianpoor M, Moghadam AH, Krausz RM. Suicidality among university students in the Eastern mediterranean region: A systematic review. PLOS Global Public Health. 2023;3(10):e0002460.","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-023-00358-6","volume":"30","author":"IA Kabbash","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kabbash IA, Salama B, Mohammad MA, Galal H, Yousef N, Elghazally NM. Perception and experiences of suicide among university students in Egypt. Middle East Curr Psychiatry. 2023;30(1):87.","journal-title":"Middle East Curr Psychiatry"},{"key":"3307_CR81","unstructured":"Chukwuemeka NA, Obi-Nwosu H. 2021. The moderating role of emotion regulation on the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation among students\u2019. Practicum Psychologia, 11(1)."},{"issue":"3","key":"3307_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-022-02516-6","volume":"32","author":"ME Boyes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boyes ME, Mah MA, Hasking P. Associations between family functioning, emotion regulation, social support, and self-injury among emerging adult university students\u2019. J Child Fam Stud. 2023;32(3):846\u201357.","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"3307_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2024.101677","volume":"28","author":"M Kamruzzaman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kamruzzaman M, Hossain A, Islam MA, Ahmed MS, Kabir E, Khan MN. Exploring the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Bangladesh and their determinants. Clin Epidemiol Global Health. 2024;28:101677.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Global Health"},{"key":"3307_CR84","unstructured":"Attia A. University students\u2019 wellbeing: A. case study of an international private university in Egypt\u2019; 2024."},{"key":"3307_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.02.080","volume":"352","author":"MS Beshr","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beshr MS, Beshr IA, Al-Qubati H. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students in yemen: A cross-sectional study\u2019. J Affect Disord. 2024;352:366\u201370.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3307_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chemagosi MJ. (2024). Student well-being in higher education institutions: Academic pressures\u2019, in Student Well-Being in Higher Education Institutions. IGI Global, pp. 81\u2013106.","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3693-4417-0.ch004"},{"key":"3307_CR87","unstructured":"Soh YL. (2024). Understanding public stigma and self-stigma on university students\u2019 psychological distress in influencing help seeking behaviours (Doctoral dissertation). UTAR."},{"issue":"3","key":"3307_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21030245","volume":"21","author":"NM Alotaibi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alotaibi NM, Alkhamis MA, Alrasheedi M, Alotaibi K, Alduaij L, Alazemi F, et al. Psychological disorders and coping among undergraduate college students: advocating for students\u2019 counselling services at Kuwait university\u2019. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21(3):245.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3307_CR89","first-page":"72","volume":"1","author":"RN Karimah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karimah RN, Robin DMC. Psychological wellbeing in global educational settings: exploring the intersection of gender and disability. Int J Stud Social Sci Humanit (IJOSSH). 2024;1(1):72\u201390.","journal-title":"Int J Stud Social Sci Humanit (IJOSSH)"},{"key":"3307_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-020-00384-5","volume":"14","author":"G Ahmed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmed G, Negash A, Kerebih H, Alemu D, Tesfaye Y. Prevalence and associated factors of depression among Jimma university students: A cross-sectional study\u2019. Int J Mental Health Syst. 2020;14:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Int J Mental Health Syst"},{"issue":"18","key":"3307_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16377","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-023-05558-1","volume":"43","author":"L Pan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pan L, Peng Y, Ren Y, Jiang W, Zhao Y, Chi X, Xie S. Parental marital relationship and depressive symptoms in adolescent boys and girls: the role of self-compassion and school connectedness\u2019. Curr Psychol. 2024;43(18):16377\u201388.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"}],"container-title":["BMC Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T09:12:06Z","timestamp":1752138726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-025-03307-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"In this article, the affiliation details for author Ateya Megahed Ibrahim were given only as \u2018College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdualziz University, Alkarj, KSA\u2019 but should have also included \u2018Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said City, Egypt\u2019. The article has been updated to rectify the error.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"663"}}