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Primary approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Cairo University. All caregivers of children provided written consent and received verbal explanations about the nature of the study, voluntary participation, study involvement details, anonymity and confidentiality issues, and the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any effect on their child\u2019s care. Informed consent to participate was obtained from the parents or legal guardians for all children under the age of 16. This process adhered to the ethical guidelines outlined and approved by the relevant ethics committee. Per institutional protocol, all children received standard perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative care in accordance with established infection control guidelines. For ethical reasons, data were collected first from children in the control group and then from those in the study group. Final approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Cairo University, FWA00026458.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"We, participants undersigned that, including those under the age of 18, have provided consent for the publication of identifiable details, such as photographs, case results, or other personal or clinical information, related to this research (\u2018Material\u2019) to be published in the above-mentioned journal. For minors, written consent was obtained from their legal guardians to ensure adherence to ethical research standards. This process guarantees that all published material complies with established ethical guidelines and respects the rights of the participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Based on the results of the current study, the following is recommended:1. Longitudinal studies are recommended to examine the long-term effectiveness of various treatment approaches, including surgical and nonsurgical management. 2. Integrate digital health tools, such as mobile applications or tele-health, to evaluate whether they improve postoperative outcomes.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Recommendations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"478"}}