{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:33:29Z","timestamp":1790354009553,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nurs"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cesarean sections (CS), although commonly performed and generally considered safe, may be associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased postoperative pain, and a higher risk of complications. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led Enhanced Recovery Program (ERP) on selected outcomes among women undergoing elective CS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A quasi-experimental study was conducted across inpatient and outpatient settings at Cairo University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, including 90 women allocated into a study group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945) and a control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945). Data was collected using structured interviews, numerical pain rating scale, postoperative recovery criteria, functional outcome assessment, and satisfaction questionnaire.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups had comparable demographic characteristics. The ERP group demonstrated significantly better outcomes including reduced pain scores (2.71 vs. 4.26 at discharge,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), faster ambulation (4.37 vs. 8.11\u00a0h), shorter hospital stays (9.22 vs. 11.88\u00a0h), and zero wound infections compared to 13.3% in controls. The intervention group showed higher satisfaction rates (33.3% vs. 8.9% completely satisfied) and greater functional outcomes in physical activities, self-care, and baby care 48\u00a0h post-discharge (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The nurse-led ERP effectively improved post-cesarean outcomes, including pain control, recovery time, functional independence, and maternal satisfaction with self and infant care. The findings support integrating nurse-led ERP into cesarean section protocols across maternity hospitals to enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-026-04528-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T04:05:06Z","timestamp":1775880306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Nurse-led enhanced recovery program for women undergoing elective cesarean section: a quasi-experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3070-6245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reda Mohamed-Nabil","family":"Aboushady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mastoura Khames Farag","family":"Gaballah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6820-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basma Mohamed","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa M.","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona Mohamed","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamia Mohamed-Nabil","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safa Gaber","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4528_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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Informed consent to participate was obtained from all the participants in the study. This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki for medical research involving human subjects. All procedures involving human participants adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments [\n                      \n                      ]. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after explaining the study objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without affecting their medical care.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"369"}}