{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T07:18:54Z","timestamp":1767856734528,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]],"date-time":"2018-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa"},{"name":"Malawi Health Research Capacity Strengthening Initiative"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,4]],"date-time":"2018-04-04T03:33:54Z","timestamp":1522812834000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["\u201cHe does not have to wait under a tree\u201d: perceptions of men, women and health care workers on male partner involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus services in Malawi"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Alinane L.","family":"Nyondo-Mipando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela F.","family":"Chimwaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adamson S.","family":"Muula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2999_CR1","volume-title":"Male involvement in reproductive health including family planning and sexual health","author":"UNFPA","year":"1995","unstructured":"UNFPA. Male involvement in reproductive health including family planning and sexual health. New York: UNFPA technical report 28; 1995."},{"key":"2999_CR2","unstructured":"WHO. Programming for male involvement in reproductive health, report of the meeting of WHO regional advisers in reproductive health WHO\/PAHO. Washington DC, USA 2001."},{"key":"2999_CR3","unstructured":"UNDP. United Nations population and development: Programme of action adopted at the international conference of population and development conference-Cairo. New York; 1994."},{"issue":"7","key":"2999_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(96)90018-X","volume":"4","author":"JF Helzner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Helzner JF. Men's involvement in family planning. Reproductive Health Matters. 1996;4(7):146\u201354.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"issue":"14","key":"2999_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(99)90011-3","volume":"7","author":"R Lee","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lee R. Men's involvement in Women's reproductive health projects and Programmes. Reproductive Health Matters. 1999;7(14):106\u201317.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"issue":"3","key":"2999_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31802f1303","volume":"44","author":"J Homsy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Homsy J, King R, Malamba S, Opio C, Kalamya JN, Mermin J, Okallanyi A, Obonyo J. The need for partner consent is a main reason for opting out of routine HIV testing for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in a rural Ugandan hospital. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;44(3):366\u20139.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2999_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2011.00029.x","volume":"56","author":"S Maman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maman S, Moodley D, Groves A. Defining male support during and after pregnancy from the perspective of HIV-positive and HIV negative women in Durban, South Africa. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2011;56(4):325\u201331.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2999_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2015.1018862","volume":"27","author":"K Brittain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brittain K, Giddy J, Myer L, Cooper D, Harries J, Stinson K. Pregnant women's experiences of male partner involvement in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Khayelitsha, South Africa. AIDS Care. 2015;27(8):1020\u20134.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"2999_CR9","unstructured":"Population Council. Research update: gender, sexuality. HIV\/AIDS. 2002;"},{"issue":"1","key":"2999_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00208.x","volume":"58","author":"GN Nkuoh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nkuoh GN, Meyer DJ, Nshom EM. Women's attitudes toward their partners\u2019 involvement in antenatal care and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Cameroon, Africa. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 2013;58(1):83\u201391.","journal-title":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2999_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"LI Kululanga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kululanga LI, Sundby J, Chirwa E, Malata A, Maluwa A. Barriers to husbands\u2019 involvement in maternal health care in a rural setting in Malawi: a qualitative study. Journal of Research in Nursing and. Midwifery. 2012;1(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"2999_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v6i0.22780","volume":"6","author":"AL Nyondo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nyondo AL, Muula AS, Chimwaza AF. Assessment of strategies for male involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Blantyre, Malawi. Glob Health Action. 2013;6:22780.","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"key":"2999_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-691","volume":"14","author":"AL Nyondo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nyondo AL, Chimwaza AF, Muula AS. Stakeholders\u2019 perceptions on factors influencing male involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services in Blantyre, Malawi. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:691.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2999_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyondo AL, Chimwaza AF, Muula AS. Exploring the relevance of male involvement in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services in Blantyre, Malawi. BMC International Health and Human Rights. 2014;14(30)","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-014-0030-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"2999_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119273","volume":"10","author":"AL Nyondo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nyondo AL, Choko AT, Chimwaza AF, Muula AS. Invitation cards during pregnancy enhance male partner involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Blantyre, Malawi: a randomized controlled open label trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0119273.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2999_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyondo-Mipando A, Chimwaza A, Muula A. A descriptive study on demographic and behavioral characteristics of males and their responses to a male involvement intervention in Blantyre, Malawi. Pan African Medical Journal. 2016;25","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2016.25.229.10014"},{"key":"2999_CR17","volume-title":"Research in education, evidence based inquiry","author":"JH McMillan","year":"2010","unstructured":"McMillan JH, Schumacher S. Research in education, evidence based inquiry. 7th ed. Boston: Pearson; 2010.","edition":"7"},{"key":"2999_CR18","volume-title":"Qualitative research practice, a guide for social science students and researchers","author":"J Ritchie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ritchie J, Lewis J. Qualitative research practice, a guide for social science students and researchers. London: Sage Publications; 2003."},{"key":"2999_CR19","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Peer review in health sciences","author":"JP Clark","year":"2003","unstructured":"Clark JP. How to peer review a qualitative manuscript. In: Godlee F, Jefferson T, editors. Peer review in health sciences. 2nd ed. London: BMJ Books; 2003. p. 219\u201335.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"04","key":"2999_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2004399","volume":"63","author":"F Rabiee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rabiee F. Focus-group interview and data analysis. Proc Nutr Soc. 2007;63(04):655\u201360.","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2999_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101.","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2999_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x","volume":"62","author":"S Elo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elo S, Kyng\u00e4s H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2007;62(1):107\u201315.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"3","key":"2999_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/nhs.12048","volume":"15","author":"M Vaismoradi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vaismoradi M, Turunen H, Bondas T. Content analysis and thematic analysis: implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study. Nurs Health Sci. 2013;15(3):398\u2013405.","journal-title":"Nurs Health Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"2999_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133239","volume":"10","author":"AN Ladur","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ladur AN, Colvin CJ, Stinson K. Perceptions of community members and healthcare workers on male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission Services in Khayelitsha, cape town, South Africa. PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0133239.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2999_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1177\/2325957413488203","volume":"13","author":"SM Weiss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weiss SM, Peltzer K, Villar-Loubet O, Shikwane ME, Cook R, Jones DL. Improving PMTCT uptake in rural South Africa. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2013;13:269\u201376.","journal-title":"J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2999_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17378","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.15.4.17378","volume":"15","author":"L Sherr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sherr L, Croome N. Involving fathers in prevention of mother to child transmission initiatives what the evidence suggests. J Int AIDS Soc. 2012;15(Suppl 2):17378.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"39S","key":"2999_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(12)39642-0","volume":"20","author":"E Ramirez-Ferrero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ramirez-Ferrero E, Lusti-Narasimhan M. The role of men as partners and fathers in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and in the promotion of sexual and reproductive health. Reprod Health Matters. 2012;20(39S):103\u20139.","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"issue":"3","key":"2999_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1080\/13548501003615290","volume":"15","author":"J Auvinen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Auvinen J, Suominen T, Valimaki M. Male participation and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mother-to-child transmission in Africa. Psychol Health Med. 2010;15(3):288\u2013313.","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2999_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2010.02.009","volume":"55","author":"GN Nkuoh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nkuoh GN, Meyer DJ, Tih PM, Nkfusai J. Barriers to men's participation in antenatal and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care in Cameroon, Africa. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010;55(4):363\u20139.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"2999_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morfaw F, Mbuagbaw L, Thabane L, Rodrigues C, Wunderlich A, Nana P, Kunda J. Male involvement in prevention programs of mother to child transmission of HIV: a systematic review to identity barriers and facilitators. Systematic Reviews. 2013;2(5)","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"2999_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-014-0200-5","volume":"11","author":"J Dunlap","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dunlap J, Foderingham N, Bussell S, Wester W, Audet C, Aliyu M. Male involvement for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission: a brief review of initiatives in east, west and Central Africa. Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep. 2014;11(2):109\u201318.","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"key":"2999_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mbekenga CK, Pembe AB, Christensson K, Darj E, Olsson P. Informal support to first-parents after childbirth: a qualitative study in low-income suburbs of Dar es salaam, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2011;11(98)","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-11-98"},{"issue":"5","key":"2999_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120120063232","volume":"13","author":"R Pool","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pool R, Nyanzi S, Whitworth JA. Attitudes to voluntary counselling and testing for HIV among pregnant women in rural south-West Uganda. AIDS Care. 2001;13(5):605\u201315.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"2999_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malaju M, Alene G. Women's expectation of partner's violence on HIV disclosure for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in north West Ethiopia. BMC Research Notes. 2013;6","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-6-96"},{"issue":"5","key":"2999_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331319688","volume":"17","author":"F Baiden","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baiden F, Remes P, Baiden R, Williams J, Hodgson A, Boelaert M. Voluntary counselling and HIV testing for pregnant women in the Kassena-Nankana district of northern Ghana: is couple counselling the way forward? AIDS Care. 2005;17(5):648\u201357.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2999_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701693990","volume":"20","author":"V Dahl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dahl V, Mellhammar F, Bajunirwe F, Bjorkman P. Acceptance of HIV testing among women attending antenatal care in South-Western Uganda: risk factors and reasons for test refusal. AIDS Care. 2008;20(6):746\u201352.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"2999_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Musheke M, Ntalasha H, Gari S, McKenzi O, Bond V, Martin-Hilber A, Merten S. A systematic review of qualitative findings on factors enabling and deterring uptake of HIV testing in sub- Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health. 2013;13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-220"},{"issue":"2","key":"2999_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149527","volume":"11","author":"MH Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim MH, Zhou A, Mazenga A, Ahmed S, Markham C, Zomba G, Simon K, Kazembe PN, Abrams EJ. Why did I stop? Barriers and facilitators to uptake and adherence to ART in option B+ HIV Care in Lilongwe, Malawi. PLoS One. 2016;11(2):e0149527.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2999_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2001.0001","volume":"38","author":"SS Bloom","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bloom SS, Wypij D, Das GM. Dimensions of Women\u2019s autonomy and influence on maternal health care utilization in a north Indian City. Demography. 2001;38:67\u201378.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"6","key":"2999_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2012.755982","volume":"34","author":"P Aarnio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aarnio P, Chipeta E, Kulmala T. Men's perceptions of delivery care in rural Malawi: exploring community level barriers to improving maternal health. Health Care Women Int. 2013;34(6):419\u201339.","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"key":"2999_CR41","unstructured":"Pembe AB, Urassa DP, Darj E, Carlstedt A, Olsson P. Qualitative study on maternal referrals in rural Tanzania: decision making and acceptance of referral advice. Afr J Reprod Health. 2008;12(2)"},{"key":"2999_CR42","first-page":"95","volume":"10","author":"J Nyasulu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nyasulu J, Nyasulu P. Decision making for women to access prevention of mother to child transmission services in Blantyre and Balaka districts, Malawi. Journal of Rural and Tropical Public Health. 2011;10:95\u2013100.","journal-title":"Journal of Rural and Tropical Public Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T18:24:20Z","timestamp":1720203860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2999"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-018-2999-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 April 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Prior to study implementation, we obtained ethical approval over the protocol consent forms and all study related documents from University of Malawi\u2019s College of Medicine Research Ethics Committee (COMREC, P.09\/12\/1279). Blantyre District Health Office granted written permission for the study to be conducted in its health centres. All participants provided written consent or a thumbprint with a witness in cases of illiteracy, prior to study participation. Consent was obtained by the researcher or research assistant not involved in provision of their antenatal care. Participants were further reassured that their decision to participate, not participate or withdraw from the study would not affect receipt of their regular medical care. Pseudo names were used to conceal the identity of the participants. All study documents are stored in locked cabinets at the College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. Public transport fares were reimbursed and there was no compensation for their taking part in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This was obtained as part of the consenting process prior to study participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"187"}}