{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:53:48Z","timestamp":1780588428700,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In Australia\u2019s north, Aboriginal peoples live with world-high rates of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and its precursor, acute rheumatic fever (ARF); driven by social and environmental determinants of health. We undertook a program of work to strengthen RHD primordial and primary prevention using a model addressing six domains: housing and environmental support, community awareness and empowerment, health literacy, health and education service integration, health navigation and health provider education. Our aim is to determine how the model was experienced by study participants.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a two-year, outreach-to-household, pragmatic intervention implemented by Aboriginal Community Workers in three remote communities. The qualitative component was shaped by Participatory Action Research. Yarning sessions and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 individuals affected by, or working with, ARF\/RHD. 31 project field reports were collated. We conducted a hybrid inductive-deductive thematic analysis guided by critical theory.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Aboriginal Community Workers were best placed to support two of the six domains: housing and environmental health support and health navigation. This was due to trusting relationships between ACWs and families and the authority attributed to ACWs through the project. ACWs improved health literacy and supported awareness and empowerment; but this was limited by disease complexities. Consequently, ACWs requested more training to address knowledge gaps and improve knowledge transfer to families. ACWs did not have skills to provide health professionals with education or ensure health and education services participated in ARF\/RHD. Where knowledge gain among participant family members was apparent, motivation or structural capability to implement behaviour change was lacking in some domains, even though the model was intended to support structural changes through care navigation and housing fixes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is the first multi-site effort in northern Australia to strengthen primordial and primary prevention of RHD. Community-led programs are central to the overarching strategy to eliminate RHD. Future implementation should support culturally safe relationships which build the social capital required to address social determinants of health and enable holistic ways to support sustainable individual and community-level actions. Government and services must collaborate with communities to address systemic, structural issues limiting the capacity of Aboriginal peoples to eliminate RHD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T11:31:08Z","timestamp":1634729468000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A community-based program to reduce acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in northern Australia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6863-1528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicki","family":"Kerrigan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerina","family":"Mungatopi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8244-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice G.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3904-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary","family":"Wyber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2253-5749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna P.","family":"Ralph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"7159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016851","volume":"9","author":"JM Katzenellenbogen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Katzenellenbogen JM, Bond-Smith D, Seth RJ, Dempsey K, Cannon J, Stacey I, et al. Contemporary incidence and prevalence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Australia using linked data: the case for policy change. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(19):e016851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.016851.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"7159_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041347","volume":"17","author":"E Haynes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haynes E, Mitchell A, Enkel S, Wyber R, Bessarab D. Voices behind the statistics: a systematic literature review of the lived experience of rheumatic heart disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(4):1347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17041347.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"7159_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.112798","volume":"247","author":"A Anderson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anderson A, Spray J. Beyond awareness: Towards a critically conscious health promotion for rheumatic fever in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Soc Sci Med. 2020;247:112798.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"7159_CR4","volume-title":"Culture is key: towards cultural determinants-driven health policy \u2013 final report","author":"Lowitja Institute","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lowitja Institute. Culture is key: towards cultural determinants-driven health policy \u2013 final report. Lowitja Institute: Melbourne; 2020."},{"key":"7159_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wyber R, Wade V, Anderson A, et al. Rheumatic heart disease in Indigenous young peoples. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2021, Rheumatic heart disease in Indigenous young peoples.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30308-4"},{"key":"7159_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50853","volume":"213","author":"R Wyber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wyber R, Noonan K, Halkon C, et al. Ending rheumatic heart disease in Australia: the evidence for a new approach. Med J Aust. 2020;213:S3\u2013S31.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"7159_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ralph AP, Noonan S, Wade V, Currie BJ. The 2020 Australian guideline for prevention, diagnosis and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Medical Journal of Australia 2020; n\/a(n\/a).","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50851"},{"key":"7159_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wyber R, Kelly A, Lee A-M, et al. Formative evaluation of a community-based approach to reduce the incidence of Strep A infections and acute rheumatic fever. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2021, Formative evaluation of a community\u2010based approach to reduce the incidence of Strep A infections and acute rheumatic fever.","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.13127"},{"issue":"10","key":"7159_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.028662","volume":"60","author":"F Baum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baum F, MacDougall C, Smith D. Participatory action research. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006;60(10):854\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.2004.028662.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"7159_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1177\/0741713614523667","volume":"64","author":"M Glassman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glassman M, Erdem G. Participatory action research and its meanings: Vivencia, praxis, conscientization. Adult Educ Q. 2014;64(3):206\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0741713614523667.","journal-title":"Adult Educ Q"},{"issue":"3","key":"7159_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00597906","volume":"30","author":"B Hall","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hall B. Research, commitment and action: the role of participatory research. Int Rev Educ. 1985;30(3):289\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00597906.","journal-title":"Int Rev Educ"},{"key":"7159_CR12","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Quickstats 2016. 2020. https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/websitedbs\/D3310114.nsf\/Home\/2016%20QuickStats (accessed January 17th 2021)."},{"key":"7159_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160940692095896","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406920958964","volume":"19","author":"IP Canlas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Canlas IP, Karpudewan M. Blending the principles of participatory action research approach and elements of grounded theory in a disaster risk reduction education case study. Int J Qual Methods. 2020;19:1609406920958964.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"key":"7159_CR14","unstructured":"Patton MQ. Qualitative evaluation and research methods. 2nd ed.. ed. Newbury Park, Calif.: Newbury Park, Calif. : Sage Publications; 1990."},{"key":"7159_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bessarab D, Nga, ndu. B. Yarning and Yarning as a Legitimate Method in Indigenous Research. International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies. 2010;3(1).","DOI":"10.5204\/ijcis.v3i1.57"},{"key":"7159_CR16","unstructured":"Bronner SE. Of critical theory and its theorists. Second edition.. ed: New York: Routledge; 2002."},{"key":"7159_CR17","unstructured":"Creswell JW. Qualitative inquiry & research design : choosing among five approaches. Fourth edition.. ed: Los Angeles SAGE; 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"7159_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107","volume":"5","author":"J Fereday","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fereday J, Muir-Cochrane E. Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. Int J Qual Methods. 2006;5(1):80\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/160940690600500107.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"key":"7159_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.04.036","volume":"114","author":"R Reilly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reilly R, Rowley K, Luke J, Doyle J, Ritte R, O'Shea R, et al. Economic rationalisation of health behaviours: the dangers of attempting policy discussions in a vacuum. Soc Sci Med. 2014;114:200\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.04.036.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"7159_CR20","unstructured":"Turner P. 'It is time governments front up to their failure to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people'. NACCHO; 10th February 2020."},{"issue":"4","key":"7159_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1086\/267838","volume":"34","author":"EM Rogers","year":"1970","unstructured":"Rogers EM, Bhowmik DK. Homophily-Heterophily: relational concepts for communication research. Public opinion quarterly. 1970;34(4):523\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/267838.","journal-title":"Public opinion quarterly"},{"key":"7159_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harkin N. Intimate encounters Aboriginal labour stories and the violence of the colonial archive. In: Hokowhitu B., Moreton-Robinson A., Tuhiwai-Smith L., Andersen C., S. L, eds. Routledge Handbook of Critical Indigenous Studies. 1st ed: Routledge International Handbooks; 2021: 147\u201361.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429440229-14"},{"issue":"3","key":"7159_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.663791","volume":"14","author":"A Lowell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lowell A, Maypilama E, Yikaniwuy S, Rrapa E, Williams R, Dunn S. \"hiding the story\": indigenous consumer concerns about communication related to chronic disease in one remote region of Australia. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012;14(3):200\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/17549507.2012.663791.","journal-title":"Int J Speech Lang Pathol"},{"key":"7159_CR24","volume-title":"Canada\u2013Australia indigenous health and wellness racism working group","author":"C Bond","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bond C, Singh D, Kajlich H. Canada\u2013Australia indigenous health and wellness racism working group. The Lowitja Institute, Melbourne: Discussion Paper Series; 2019."},{"issue":"1","key":"7159_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-019-0432-y","volume":"17","author":"J Wakerman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wakerman J, Humphreys J, Russell D, Guthridge S, Bourke L, Dunbar T, et al. Remote health workforce turnover and retention: what are the policy and practice priorities? Hum Resour Health. 2019;17(1):99. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12960-019-0432-y.","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"7159_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010909","volume":"6","author":"S Shahid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shahid S, Teng T-HK, Bessarab D, Aoun S, Baxi S, Thompson SC. Factors contributing to delayed diagnosis of cancer among Aboriginal people in Australia: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(6):e010909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010909.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"7159_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix497","volume":"216","author":"LA Gray","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gray LA, D'Antoine HA, Tong SYC, et al. Genome-wide analysis of genetic risk factors for rheumatic heart disease in Aboriginal Australians provides support for pathogenic molecular mimicry. J Infect Dis. 2017;216(11):1460\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jix497.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"7159_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2019445","volume":"383","author":"MK Evans","year":"2020","unstructured":"Evans MK. Covid\u2019s color line \u2014 infectious disease, inequity, and racial justice. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(5):408\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMp2019445.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7159_CR29","first-page":"77","volume":"52","author":"D Fran\u00e7oise","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7oise D. \"it is hard to be sick now\": diabetes and the reconstruction of indigenous sociality. Anthropologica (Ottawa). 2010;52(1):77\u201387.","journal-title":"Anthropologica (Ottawa)"},{"key":"7159_CR30","volume-title":"Communication and cultural knowledge in Aboriginal health care. A review of two subprograms of the cooperative research Centre for Aboriginal and Tropical Health's indigenous health and education research program","author":"A Lowell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lowell A. Communication and cultural knowledge in Aboriginal health care. A review of two subprograms of the cooperative research Centre for Aboriginal and Tropical Health's indigenous health and education research program. Cooperative Research Centre for Aboriginal and Tropical Health: Casuarina, NT; 1998."},{"key":"7159_CR31","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Statistics about long-term health conditions, disability, lifestyle factors, physical harm and use of health services. 2019. https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples\/national-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-health-survey\/latest-release#key-statistics (accessed January 14th 2021)."},{"key":"7159_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.03.030","volume":"136","author":"MP Kelly","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kelly MP, Barker M. Why is changing health-related behaviour so difficult? Public Health. 2016;136:109\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.03.030.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"7159_CR33","unstructured":"Marteau TM, Hollands GJ, Kelly MP. Changing population behavior and reducing health disparities: Exploring the potential of \u201cchoice architecture\u201d interventions. In: Kaplan RM, Spittel M, David DH, eds. Emerging Behavioral and Social Science Perspectives on Population Health. Bethesda, M.D: National Institutes of Health\/Agency For Healthcare Research and Quality; 2015."},{"key":"7159_CR34","unstructured":"Chadha N, Lim B, Kane M, Rowland B. Toward the Abolition of Biological Race in Medicine: UC Berkeley: Othering & Belonging Institute., 2020."},{"key":"7159_CR35","volume-title":"Remote housing reforms in the Northern Territory. Department of Families, housing, community service and indigenous affairs (CTH) and Department of Housing, local government and regional service (NT)","author":"C Ombudsman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ombudsman C. Remote housing reforms in the Northern Territory. Department of Families, housing, community service and indigenous affairs (CTH) and Department of Housing, local government and regional service (NT). Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra; June 2012."},{"issue":"2","key":"7159_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.2.339","volume":"27","author":"S Gehlert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gehlert S, Sohmer D, Sacks T, Mininger C, McClintock M, Olopade O. Targeting health disparities: a model linking upstream determinants to downstream interventions. Health Aff. 2008;27(2):339\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.27.2.339.","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"key":"7159_CR37","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Indigenous Housing. Canberra, 11 September 2019."},{"key":"7159_CR38","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Health and the environment: a compilation of evidence Cat. no. PHE 136. Canberra: AIHW., 2011."},{"key":"7159_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coffey PM, Ralph AP, Krause VL. The role of social determinants of health in the risk and prevention of group A streptococcal infection, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12(6): e0006577-e.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006577"},{"key":"7159_CR40","unstructured":"Human Rights Law Centre. NT Civil and Administrative Tribunal awards compensation to Aboriginal tenants for uninhabitable housing. Various Applicants from Santa Teresa v Chief Executive Officer (Housing) [2019] NTCAT 7. 28th February 2019. https:\/\/www.hrlc.org.au\/human-rights-case-summaries\/2019\/6\/24\/nt-civil-and-administrative-tribunal-awards-compensation-to-aboriginal-tenants-for-uninhabitable-housing."},{"key":"7159_CR41","volume-title":"Reviewing changes to housing management on remote indigenous communities, AHURI final report no. 271","author":"D Habibis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Habibis D, Phillips R, Spinney A, Phibbs P, Churchill B. Reviewing changes to housing management on remote Indigenous communities. In: Reviewing changes to housing management on remote indigenous communities, AHURI final report no. 271. Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute: Melbourne; 2016."},{"issue":"6","key":"7159_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12950","volume":"43","author":"E Fehring","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fehring E, Ferguson M, Brown C, Murtha K, Laws C, Cuthbert K, et al. Supporting healthy drink choices in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander communities: a community-led supportive environment approach. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2019;43(6):551\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1753-6405.12950.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"7159_CR43","unstructured":"Thaler RH. Nudge : improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. Rev. and expanded ed.. ed: New York : Penguin Books; 2009."},{"issue":"1","key":"7159_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2016.09.011","volume":"44","author":"SN Grief","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grief SN, Miller JP. Infectious disease issues in underserved populations. Primary care. 2017;44(1):67\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2016.09.011.","journal-title":"Primary care"},{"issue":"4","key":"7159_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1071\/PY14051","volume":"20","author":"A Thorpe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thorpe A, Anders W, Rowley K. The community network: an Aboriginal community football club bringing people together. Aust J Prim Health. 2014;20(4):356\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/PY14051.","journal-title":"Aust J Prim Health"},{"key":"7159_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerrigan V, Lee AM, Ralph AP, Lawton PD. Stay Strong: Aboriginal leaders deliver COVID-19 health messages. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 2020; n\/a(n\/a).","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.364"},{"issue":"6","key":"7159_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1080\/13698575.2012.701274","volume":"14","author":"C Bond","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bond C, Brough M, Spurling G, Hayman N. \u2018It had to be my choice\u2019 indigenous smoking cessation and negotiations of risk, resistance and resilience. Health Risk Soc. 2012;14(6):565\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13698575.2012.701274.","journal-title":"Health Risk Soc"},{"key":"7159_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirkham R, Kinga S, Graham S, et al. 'No sugar', 'no junk food', 'do more exercise' - moving beyond simple messages to improve the health of Aboriginal women with Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy in the Northern Territory - A phenomenological study. Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives 2020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2020.10.003"},{"key":"7159_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerrigan V, Herdman RM, Thomas DP, Hefler M. \u2018I still remember your post about buying smokes\u2019: a case study of a remote Aboriginal community-controlled health service using Facebook for tobacco control. Australian Journal of Primary Health. 2019.","DOI":"10.1071\/PY19008"},{"issue":"2","key":"7159_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-013-2583-1","volume":"29","author":"Y Paradies","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paradies Y, Truong M, Priest N. A systematic review of the extent and measurement of healthcare provider racism. J Gen Intern Med. 2014;29(2):364\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-013-2583-1.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7159_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s12546-016-9159-y","volume":"33","author":"Y Paradies","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paradies Y. Colonisation, racism and indigenous health. J Popul Res. 2016;33(1):83\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12546-016-9159-y.","journal-title":"J Popul Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T08:16:19Z","timestamp":1635236179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-021-07159-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval to conduct the study was provided by the Northern Territory Department of Health & Menzies School of Health Research Human Research Ethics Committee approved the research (HREC 2017\u20132898). Informed written consent was granted by all participants. The study conducted is in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication was obtained from all study participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"At time of writing, Anne Marie Lee was the chairperson of Sunrise Health Service Aboriginal Corporation Board. No competing interests were declared by other authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1127"}}