{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:49:43Z","timestamp":1791478183825,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22BJY082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22BJY082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T02:12:37Z","timestamp":1733191957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The impact of digital technology on health inequality: evidence from China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisheng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiushi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"12022_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113339","volume":"265","author":"J Love-Koh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Love-Koh J, Pennington B, Owen L, Taylor M, Griffin S. How health inequalities accumulate and combine to affect treatment value: a distributional cost-effectiveness analysis of smoking cessation interventions. Soc Sci Med. 2020;265:113339.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"12022_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e260","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30317-4","volume":"3","author":"H Ibrahim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ibrahim H, Liu X, Zariffa N, Morris AD, Denniston AK. Health data poverty: an assailable barrier to equitable digital health care. The Lancet Digital Health. 2021;3(4):e260\u20135.","journal-title":"The Lancet Digital Health"},{"issue":"18","key":"12022_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6502","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186502","volume":"17","author":"L Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li L, Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Fu C. The Impact of Internet Use on Health Outcomes of Rural Adults: Evidence from China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6502.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"12022_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34144","DOI":"10.2196\/34144","volume":"24","author":"R Yao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yao R, Zhang W, Evans R, Cao G, Rui T, Shen L. Inequities in Health Care Services Caused by the Adoption of Digital Health Technologies: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24:e34144.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"12022_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.116847","volume":"348","author":"M Zhong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhong M, Qiang D, Wang J, Sun W. Improving health and reducing health inequality: an innovation of digitalization? Soc Sci Med. 2024;348:116847.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15162","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215162","volume":"19","author":"D Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang D, Zhang G, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Wang P. \u201cDigital Dividend\u201d or \u201cDigital Divide\u201d: What Role Does the Internet Play in the Health Inequalities among Chinese Residents? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:15162.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"12022_CR7","unstructured":"Technology CAOI: Research Report on the Development of China's Digital Economy (2024). 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12614","volume":"38","author":"ME Curtis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Curtis ME, Clingan SE, Guo H, Zhu Y, Mooney LJ, Hser Y. Disparities in digital access among American rural and urban households and implications for telemedicine-based services. J Rural Health. 2022;38(3):512\u20138.","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-017-0684-9","volume":"41","author":"H Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim H, Paige Powell M, Bhuyan SS. Seeking medical information using mobile apps and the internet: are family caregivers different from the general public? J Med Syst. 2017;41(3):38.","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"12022_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1071\/AH11042","volume":"36","author":"L Newman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Newman L, Biedrzycki K, Baum F. Digital technology use among disadvantaged Australians: implications for equitable consumer participation in digitally-mediated communication and information exchange with health services. Aust Health Rev. 2012;36:125\u20139.","journal-title":"Aust Health Rev"},{"key":"12022_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seps.2021.101178","volume":"81","author":"H Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu H, Ba N, Ren S, Xu L, Chai J, Irfan M, Hao Y, Lu Z. The impact of internet development on the health of Chinese residents: Transmission mechanisms and empirical tests. Socio-Econ Plan Sci. 2022;81:101178.","journal-title":"Socio-Econ Plan Sci"},{"key":"12022_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115074","volume":"305","author":"P Rajkhowa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rajkhowa P, Qaim M. Mobile phones, women\u2019s physical mobility, and contraceptive use in India. Soc Sci Med. 2022;305:115074.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"12022_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15683","DOI":"10.2196\/15683","volume":"22","author":"SSM Lam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lam SSM, Jivraj S, Scholes S. Exploring the relationship between internet use and mental health among older adults in England: longitudinal observational study. J Med Internet Res. 2019;22(7):e15683.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"12022_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2021.105392","volume":"141","author":"H Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed H, Cowan B. Mobile money and healthcare use: Evidence from East Africa. World Dev. 2021;141:105392.","journal-title":"World Dev"},{"key":"12022_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2020.102414","volume":"76","author":"S Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim S, Koh K. The effects of income on health: evidence from lottery wins in Singapore. J Health Econ. 2021;76:102414.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"key":"12022_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2022.102670","volume":"85","author":"L Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen L, Liu W. The effect of Internet access on body weight: Evidence from China. J Health Econ. 2022;85:102670.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"8","key":"12022_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2017.09.007","volume":"14","author":"K H\u00e4meen-Anttila","year":"2018","unstructured":"H\u00e4meen-Anttila K, Pietil\u00e4 K, Pylkk\u00e4nen L, Pohjanoksa-M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4 M. Internet as a source of medicines information (MI) among frequent internet users. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018;14(8):758\u201364.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"key":"12022_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107146","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1107146","volume":"11","author":"W Nie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nie W, Hu M, Ye X. Internet use and rural-urban mental health inequalities: Evidence from China. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1107146.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"12022_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120969","volume":"171","author":"FO Oderanti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oderanti FO, Li F, Cubric M, Shi X. Business models for sustainable commercialisation of digital healthcare (eHealth) innovations for an increasingly ageing population. Technol Forecast Soc. 2021;171:120969.","journal-title":"Technol Forecast Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"12022_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00830-1","volume":"19","author":"E Moro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moro E. How can we stop digital technologies from worsening existing health inequalities? Nat Rev Neurol. 2023;19(8):449\u201350.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"12022_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-00296-x","volume":"578","author":"J Haidt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haidt J, Allen NB. Scrutinizing the effects of digital technology on mental health. Nature. 2020;578:226\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-016-9684-0","volume":"15","author":"DA Scott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scott DA, Valley B, Simecka BA. Mental Health concerns in the digital age. Int J Ment Health Ad. 2017;15(3):604\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Ad"},{"issue":"2","key":"12022_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmz073","volume":"11","author":"M Aghasi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aghasi M, Matinfar A, Golzarand M, Salari-Moghaddam A, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S. Internet use in relation to overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Adv Nutr (Bethesda, Md). 2020;11(2):349\u201356.","journal-title":"Adv Nutr (Bethesda, Md.)."},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.10.030","volume":"75","author":"A Layes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Layes A, Asada Y, Kephart G. Whiners and deniers \u2013 What does self-rated health measure? Soc Sci Med. 2012;75(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"12022_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3372","volume":"26","author":"V Carrieri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carrieri V, Jones A. The income-health relationship \u201cbeyond the mean\u201d: new evidence from biomarkers. Health Econ. 2016;26(7):937\u201356.","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"12","key":"12022_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e650","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30113-4","volume":"5","author":"J Fan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fan J, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Sun Z, Yang L, Chen Y, Du H, Li Z, Lei Y, et al. Frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. The Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(12):e650\u201360.","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"12022_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.8.1046","volume":"60","author":"WB Goggins","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goggins WB, Woo J, Sham A, Ho SC. Frailty index as a measure of biological age in a Chinese population. J Gerontol A. 2005;60(8):1046\u201351.","journal-title":"J Gerontol A"},{"key":"12022_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2023.102210","volume":"73","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Xu Y. Digitalization, income inequality, and public health: evidence from developing countries. Technol Soc. 2023;73:102210.","journal-title":"Technol Soc"},{"key":"12022_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.116624","volume":"344","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Liu K, Zhang X, Guo Q. Does digital infrastructure improve public Health? A quasi-natural experiment based on China\u2019s Broadband policy. Soc Sci Med. 2024;344:116624.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18476-z","volume":"24","author":"J An","year":"2024","unstructured":"An J, Zhu X, Shi Z, An J. A serial mediating effect of perceived family support on psychological well-being. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):940.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04883-9","volume":"24","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu J, Wang Y, Cheung JC, Yin Y. Analysis of the chain mediation effect between intergenerational support and mental health of older adults in urban China: a structural equation model. BMC Geriatr. 2024;24(1):323.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"12022_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2022.11.010","volume":"49","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Tang L, Zeng Q, Bu F, Zhan N, Wang Z, Deng X, Lyu Q. Association between bidirectional intergenerational support and successful aging in China: Evidence from CHARLS 2018. Geriatr Nurs. 2023;49:81\u20138.","journal-title":"Geriatr Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-017-0117-x","volume":"36","author":"H Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu H, Lu N. Informal care and health behaviors among elderly people with chronic diseases. J Health Popul Nutr. 2017;36(1):40.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"12022_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2022.101096","volume":"18","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Guo M. Filial piety matters: a study of intergenerational supports and parental health. SSM - Population Health. 2022;18:101096.","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"key":"12022_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galama TJ. A contribution to health capital theory. RAND Corporation: Working paper; 2011.","DOI":"10.7249\/WR831"},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2021.102276","volume":"46","author":"J Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhang H, Gong X. Mobile payment and rural household consumption: evidence from China. Telecommun Policy. 2022;46(3):102276.","journal-title":"Telecommun Policy"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"12022_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1348\/014466601164939","volume":"40","author":"CJ Armitage","year":"2001","unstructured":"Armitage CJ, Conner MT. Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: a meta-analytic review. Br J Soc Psychol. 2001;40(Pt 4):471\u201399.","journal-title":"Br J Soc Psychol"},{"key":"12022_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2014.936336","volume":"31","author":"B Crook","year":"2016","unstructured":"Crook B, Stephens KK, Pastorek AE, Mackert MS, Donovan EE. Sharing Health Information and Influencing Behavioral Intentions: the role of health literacy, information overload, and the internet in the diffusion of healthy heart information. Health Commun. 2016;31:60\u201371.","journal-title":"Health Commun"},{"key":"12022_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464818785797","volume":"39","author":"Y Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng Y, Chan Y. Do Internet Users Lead a Healthier Lifestyle? J Appl Gerontol. 2020;39:277\u201384.","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol"},{"key":"12022_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n332","volume":"372","author":"TM Marteau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marteau TM, Rutter H, Marmot M. Changing behaviour: an essential component of tackling health inequalities. Bmj-Brit Med J. 2021;372:n332.","journal-title":"Bmj-Brit Med J"},{"key":"12022_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114333","volume":"287","author":"J Mata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mata J, Wenz A, Rettig T, Reifenscheid M, M\u00f6hring K, Krieger U, Friedel S, Fikel M, Cornesse C, Blom AG, et al. Health behaviors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal population-based survey in Germany. Soc Sci Med. 2021;287:114333.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115830","volume":"322","author":"A Hiyoshi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hiyoshi A, Rostila M, Fall K, Montgomery S, Grotta A. Caregiving and changes in health-related behaviour. Soc Sci Med. 2023;322:115830.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2023.102780","volume":"90","author":"D Zeltzer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zeltzer D, Einav L, Rashba J, Waisman Y, Haimi M, Balicer RD. Adoption and utilization of device-assisted telemedicine. J Health Econ. 2023;90:102780.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"key":"12022_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116217","volume":"334","author":"A Bhandari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhandari A, Burroway R. Hold the phone! A cross-national analysis of Women\u2019s education, mobile phones, and HIV infections in low- and middle-income countries, 1990\u20132018. Soc Sci Med. 2023;334:116217.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20190658","volume":"110","author":"H Allcott","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allcott H, Braghieri L, Eichmeyer S, Gentzkow M. The welfare effects of social media. Am Econ Rev. 2020;110(3):629\u201376.","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21275","DOI":"10.2196\/21275","volume":"23","author":"J Hwang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hwang J, Toma CL, Chen J, Shah DV, Gustafson D, Mares M. Effects of web-based social connectedness on older adults\u2019 depressive symptoms: a two-wave cross-lagged panel study. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(1):e21275.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"12022_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2021.102539","volume":"80","author":"H Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding H, Chen Y, Yu M, Zhong J, Hu R, Chen X, Wang C, Xie K, Eggleston K. The effects of chronic disease management in primary health care: evidence from rural China. J Health Econ. 2021;80:102539.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"3","key":"12022_CR48","first-page":"634","volume":"49","author":"M Akbulut-Yuksel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akbulut-Yuksel M. Children of war: the long-run effects of large-scale physical destruction and warfare on children. J Hum Resour. 2014;49(3):634\u201362.","journal-title":"J Hum Resour"},{"issue":"4","key":"12022_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.0.0079","volume":"46","author":"C Bozzoli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bozzoli C, Deaton A, Quintana-Domeque C. Adult height and childhood disease. Demography. 2009;46(4):647\u201369.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00353","volume":"96","author":"I Kesternich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kesternich I, Siflinger B, Smith JP, Winter JK. The Effects of World War II on Economic and Health Outcomes across Europe. Rev Econ Stat. 2014;96(1):103\u201318.","journal-title":"Rev Econ Stat"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"12022_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20161605","volume":"108","author":"P Persson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Persson P, Rossin-Slater M. Family ruptures, stress, and the mental health of the next generation: reply. Am Econ Rev. 2018;108(4\u20135):1256\u201363.","journal-title":"Am Econ Rev"},{"key":"12022_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2020.102410","volume":"76","author":"L Phadera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phadera L. Unfortunate Moms and Unfortunate Children: Impact of the Nepali Civil War on Women\u2019s Stature and Intergenerational Health. J Health Econ. 2021;76:102410.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"7","key":"12022_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2004.05.003","volume":"125","author":"K Rockwood","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rockwood K, Mogilner A, Mitnitski A. Changes with age in the distribution of a frailty index. Mech Ageing Dev. 2004;125(7):517\u20139.","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"12022_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2001.58","volume":"1","author":"A Mitnitski","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mitnitski A, Mogilner A, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. Scientific World Journal. 2001;1:323\u201336.","journal-title":"Scientific World Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"12022_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1080\/07350015.1984.10509412","volume":"2","author":"N Kakwani","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kakwani N. The Relative Deprivation Curve and Its Applications. J Bus Econ Stat. 1984;2(4):384\u201394.","journal-title":"J Bus Econ Stat"},{"key":"12022_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.2307\/1883197","volume":"93","author":"S Yitzhaki","year":"1979","unstructured":"Yitzhaki S. Relative deprivation and the GINI coefficient. Q J Econ. 1979;93:321\u20134.","journal-title":"Q J Econ"},{"issue":"11","key":"12022_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00251-0","volume":"8","author":"J Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lu J, Xu X, Huang Y, Li T, Ma C, Xu G, Yin H, Xu X, Ma Y, Wang L, et al. Prevalence of depressive disorders and treatment in China: a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2021;8(11):981\u201390.","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"12022_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2018.06.002","volume":"141","author":"S Singhal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singhal S. Early life shocks and mental health: the long-term effect of war in Vietnam. J Dev Econ. 2019;141:102244.","journal-title":"J Dev Econ"},{"issue":"10238","key":"12022_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30854-0","volume":"395","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Pasea L, Harris S, Gonzalez-Izquierdo A, Torralbo A, Shallcross L, Noursadeghi M, Pillay D, Sebire N, Holmes C, et al. Estimating excess 1-year mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic according to underlying conditions and age: a population-based cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10238):1715\u201325.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"12022_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.12.004","volume":"220","author":"X Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen X, Wang T, Busch SH. Does money relieve depression? Evidence from social pension expansions in China. Soc Sci Med. 2019;220:411\u201320.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"12022_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2009.06.012","volume":"28","author":"C Gundersen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gundersen C, Kreider B. Bounding the effects of food insecurity on children\u2019s health outcomes. J Health Econ. 2009;28(5):971\u201383.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"12022_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.03.004","volume":"75","author":"K Adjaye-Gbewonyo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adjaye-Gbewonyo K, Kawachi I. Use of the Yitzhaki Index as a test of relative deprivation for health outcomes: A review of recent literature. Soc Sci Med. 2012;75(1):129\u201337.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114178","volume":"283","author":"Y Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu Y, Yilmazer T. Childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood obesity and health: the role of parental permanent and transitory income. Soc Sci Med. 2021;283:114178.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2021.101311","volume":"24","author":"F Carney","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carney F, Kandt J. Health, out-of-home activities and digital inclusion in later life: Implications for emerging mobility services. J Transp Health. 2022;24:101311.","journal-title":"J Transp Health"},{"key":"12022_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2024.106684","volume":"181","author":"S Vitellozzi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vitellozzi S, Claudia GG. Thriving in the rain: natural shocks, time allocation, and women\u2019s empowerment in Bangladesh. World Dev. 2024;181:106684.","journal-title":"World Dev"},{"key":"12022_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114044","volume":"280","author":"J Fletcher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fletcher J, Topping M, Zheng F, Lu Q. The effects of education on cognition in older age: evidence from genotyped Siblings. Soc Sci Med. 2021;280:114044.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.116603","volume":"343","author":"H Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu H, Chopik WJ, Shrout MR, Wang J. A national longitudinal dyadic analysis of spousal education and cognitive decline in the United States. Soc Sci Med. 2024;343:116603.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.04.016","volume":"232","author":"Y Ren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ren Y, Li H, Wang X. Family income and nutrition-related health: Evidence from food consumption in China. Soc Sci Med. 2019;232:58\u201376.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"12022_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2024.102856","volume":"94","author":"M Robson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Robson M, O Donnell O, Van Ourti T. Aversion to health inequality \u2014 Pure, income-related and income-caused. J Health Econ. 2024;94:102856.","journal-title":"J Health Econ."},{"key":"12022_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2020.102904","volume":"106","author":"CG Reddick","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reddick CG, Enriquez R, Harris RJ, Sharma B. Determinants of broadband access and affordability: an analysis of a community survey on the digital divide. Cities. 2020;106:102904.","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"12022_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2023.108077","volume":"152","author":"F Laaber","year":"2024","unstructured":"Laaber F, Koch T, Hubert M, Florack A. Young People\u2019s digital maturity relates to different forms of well-being through basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Comput Hum Behav. 2024;152:108077.","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T03:06:19Z","timestamp":1733195179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12022-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research data used in this paper is sourced from the publicly available database CHARLS 2020. The survey has been approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University. The fieldwork plan for the CHARLS 2020 Household Questionnaire Survey has been approved, with the approval number: IRB00001052-11015. The research data consists of secondary data analysis from which all personal identifiers have been removed. The research methods fully comply with relevant ethical standards and guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1531"}}