{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:56:31Z","timestamp":1781610991415,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR300808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR300808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["206545\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["206545\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/T039353\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/T039353\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Malawi, there is a limited understanding of the personal experiences of women who have survived severe maternal infections that led to sepsis and their perspectives on the care they received. It is essential to consider women\u2019s experiences to improve the quality of care for severe maternal outcomes and provide responsive, patient-centered care. This study aimed to explore the experiences of maternal sepsis survivors in Malawi to improve sepsis care and management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative descriptive design study was conducted from April to May 2023 in Blantyre, Malawi. Pregnant, postpartum, and postabortion women older than 16 years who had sepsis were included in the study via purposive sampling. Face-to-face interviews were conducted at the women\u2019s homes or convenient locations. A thematic analysis was performed using the Three Delays and Respectful Maternity Care frameworks to analyse the interview data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with sepsis faced multiple barriers to accessing care, mainly delays in receiving adequate and appropriate care at health facilities. The key barriers mentioned by participants highlighted the inadequate monitoring, inadequate clinical management of infections, delays in diagnosis and treatment, and delays in providing lifesaving obstetric skills at the health facility. Some women also experienced mistreatment by healthcare providers, such as verbal abuse, neglect, abandonment, lack of dignity, disrespect, denial of care, and inequitable treatment. Additionally, some women continue to experience long-term physical and psychological complications from maternal sepsis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Understanding patient experiences is essential for improving the quality of maternal sepsis care and management. Patient narratives can inform policy and maternal healthcare, highlighting the need for feedback-based systems. These insights are relevant to other resource-constrained settings facing high maternal infection rates. Comprehensive, patient-centred interventions are crucial for managing maternal infections which lead to sepsis, thus reducing preventable morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T11:01:54Z","timestamp":1759230114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding the maternal sepsis patient journey in Malawi: \u201cI called for help, but they showed no interest in helping me\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1563-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yamikani","family":"Chimwaza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikondi","family":"Chapuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chifundo","family":"Ndamala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Lifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercy","family":"Machilika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Dossie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meliya","family":"Kwelepeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertha","family":"Maseko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lissauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alinane Linda","family":"Nyondo-Mipando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Lisa","family":"Odland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"13459_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Maternal mortality [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 25]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/maternal-mortality"},{"key":"13459_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Hou JH, Li Q, Chen KJ, Wang SN, Wang JM. Biomarkers for diagnosis of sepsis in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Springerplus. 2016;5(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-3591-5"},{"key":"13459_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu P, Zhang X, Wang X, Liang Y, Wei N, Xiao Z, et al. Maternal sepsis in pregnancy and the puerperal periods: a cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1126807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1126807","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1126807"},{"key":"13459_CR4","first-page":"19","volume":"351","author":"D Chou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chou D, Daelmans B, Jolivet RR, Kinney M, Say L. Ending preventable maternal and newborn mortality and stillbirths. BMJ (Online). 2015;351:19\u201322.","journal-title":"BMJ (Online)"},{"key":"13459_CR5","unstructured":"Riches J, Jafali J, Lissauer D. Report on the confidential enquiry into maternal deaths in Malawi 2020\u20132022 [Internet]. Ministry of Health of Malawi; 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 28]. Available from: https:\/\/example.com"},{"key":"13459_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lema V, Changole J, Kanyighe C, Malunga E. Maternal mortality at the queen Elizabeth central teaching hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. East Afr Med J. 2005;82(1).","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v82i1.9286"},{"issue":"11","key":"13459_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1063","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005337","volume":"49","author":"L Evans","year":"2021","unstructured":"Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021;49(11):e1063\u2013143.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"13459_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12350","volume":"140","author":"M Abdu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdu M, Wilson A, Mhango C, Taki F, Coomarasamy A, Lissauer D. Resource availability for the management of maternal sepsis in malawi, other low-income countries, and lower\u2010middle\u2010income countries. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2018;140(2):175\u201383.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"13459_CR9","unstructured":"Mataya R. Ministry of Health Malawi. Malawi report on the confidential enquiry into maternal deaths 2008\u20132012. 2015."},{"issue":"8","key":"13459_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16658","volume":"128","author":"J Cheshire","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheshire J, Jones L, Munthali L, Kamphinga C, Liyaya H, Phiri T, et al. The FAST-M complex intervention for the detection and management of maternal sepsis in low\u2010resource settings: a multi\u2010site evaluation. BJOG. 2021;128(8):1324\u201333.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"13459_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lissauer D, Whyte S. Can lactate testing improve maternal sepsis identification? A multi-country, test accuracy study: protocol registration [Internet]. University of Liverpool; 2022. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ISRCTN12380898","DOI":"10.1186\/ISRCTN12380898"},{"key":"13459_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ivers N, Jamtvedt G, Flottorp S, Young JM, Odgaard-Jensen J, French SD, et al. Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025;3(3):CD000259 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000259.pub4.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000259.pub4"},{"key":"13459_CR13","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Evaluating the quality of care for severe pregnancy complications: The WHO near-miss approach for maternal health [Internet]. 2011. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealthISBN9789241502221"},{"issue":"3","key":"13459_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.137145","volume":"39","author":"P Chhabra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chhabra P. Maternal near miss: an indicator for maternal health and maternal care. Indian J Community Med. 2014;39(3):132.","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"13459_CR15","unstructured":"AlignMNH. Quality of care, experience of care, and respectful care [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/alignmnh.org\/issue\/mother-baby-"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30403-0","volume":"7","author":"PA Afulani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Afulani PA, Phillips B, Aborigo RA, Moyer CA. Person-centred maternity care in low-income and middle-income countries: analysis of data from kenya, ghana, and India. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7(1):e96\u2013109.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"13459_CR17","unstructured":"White Ribbon Alliance, Averting Maternal Death and Disability - Columbia University, Committee AR, Network G, Taskforce MH. Management Sciences for Health. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Submission from the Global Respectful Maternity Care Council [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jan 25]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Issues\/Women\/WRGS\/FollowUp2018\/GlobalRespectfulMaternityCareCouncil.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-024-06607-8","volume":"24","author":"HH Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen HH, Wu CL, Chao WC. Analysis of the impact of maternal sepsis on pregnancy outcomes: a population-based retrospective study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24(1):518.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"S1","key":"13459_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-12-S1-S3","volume":"12","author":"A Kes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kes A, Ogwang S, Pande RP, Douglas Z, Karuga R, Odhiambo FO, et al. The economic burden of maternal mortality on households: evidence from three sub-counties in rural Western Kenya. Reprod Health. 2015;12(S1):S3.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"13459_CR20","unstructured":"Government of the Republic of Malawi. Health Sector Strategic Plan III 2023\u20132030. Reforming for Universal Health Coverage. 1st ed. 2023. https:\/\/dms.hiv.health.gov.mw\/dataset\/4526ec7e-ff02-47ff-8ae3-a3e7809c9778\/resource\/1e677c42-424a-4ffd-b960-d211583e27ef\/download\/malawi-health-sector-strategic-plan-iii-hssp-iii.pdf."},{"key":"13459_CR21","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Government of Malawi. Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital: Annual Report [Internet]. Available from: http:\/\/qech.health.gov.mw\/index.php\/about\/qech-annualreports."},{"key":"13459_CR22","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Government of Malawi. Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital: Obstetrics and Gynecology services [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/qech.health.gov.mw\/index.php\/our-services\/column-2\/obstetrics-and-gynaecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"13459_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzr019","volume":"23","author":"TR Webster","year":"2011","unstructured":"Webster TR, Mantopoulos J, Jackson E, Cole-Lewis H, Kidane L, Kebede S, et al. A brief questionnaire for assessing patient healthcare experiences in low-income settings. Int J Qual Health Care. 2011;23(3):258\u201368.","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"13459_CR24","unstructured":"Los Angeles CSRCL. Dedoose v 9.2.005 [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 18]. Available from: https:\/\/www.dedoose.com."},{"key":"13459_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa.","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"13459_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thaddeus S, Maine D. Too far to walk: maternal mortality in context. Soc Sci Med. 1994;38(8):1091\u2013110.","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90226-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-06118-y","volume":"23","author":"S Puthussery","year":"2023","unstructured":"Puthussery S, Bayih WA, Brown H, Aborigo RA. Promoting a global culture of respectful maternity care. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(1):798.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"13459_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Homer CS, Bohren MA, Wilson A, Vogel JP. Achieving inclusive and respectful maternity care. Glob Libr Women\u2019s Med 2021. ISSN: 1756-2228; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3843\/GLOWM.411763.","DOI":"10.3843\/GLOWM.411763"},{"key":"13459_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mgawadere F, Unkels R, Kazembe A, van den Broek N. Factors associated with maternal mortality in malawi: application of the three delays model. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017;17(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1406-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1699-z","volume":"18","author":"LA Chavane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chavane LA, Bailey P, Loquiha O, Dgedge M, Aerts M, Temmerman M. Maternal death and delays in accessing emergency obstetric care in Mozambique. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):71.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"6","key":"13459_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e033771","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033771","volume":"10","author":"EM Assefa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Assefa EM, Berhane Y. Delays in emergency obstetric referrals in addis Ababa hospitals in ethiopia: a facility-based, cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(6):e033771.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"13459_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S85","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-18-00272","volume":"7","author":"D Morof","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morof D, Serbanescu F, Goodwin MM, Hamer DH, Asiimwe AR, Hamomba L, et al. Addressing the third delay in saving mothers, giving life districts in Uganda and zambia: ensuring adequate and appropriate Facility-Based maternal and perinatal health care. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2019;7(Suppl 1):S85\u2013103.","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1019-4","volume":"16","author":"D Sando","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sando D, Ratcliffe H, McDonald K, Spiegelman D, Lyatuu G, Mwanyika-Sando M, et al. The prevalence of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in urban Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):236.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4","key":"13459_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0123606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123606","volume":"10","author":"T Abuya","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abuya T, Warren CE, Miller N, Njuki R, Ndwiga C, Maranga A, et al. Exploring the prevalence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Kenya. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(4):e0123606.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czu079","volume":"33","author":"ME Kruk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kruk ME, Kujawski S, Mbaruku G, Ramsey K, Moyo W, Freedman LP. Disrespectful and abusive treatment during facility delivery in tanzania: a facility and community survey. Health Policy Plan. 2018;33(1):e26\u201333.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"3","key":"13459_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0194601","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194601","volume":"13","author":"W Hameed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hameed W, Avan BI. Women\u2019s experiences of mistreatment during childbirth: A comparative view of home- and facility-based births in Pakistan. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(3):e0194601.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830903294979","volume":"28","author":"L Kruger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kruger L, Schoombee C. The other side of caring: abuse in a South African maternity ward. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2010;28(1):84\u2013101.","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"},{"key":"13459_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sethi R, Gupta S, Oseni L, Mtimuni A, Rashidi T, Kachale F. The prevalence of disrespect and abuse during facility-based maternity care in malawi: evidence from direct observations of labor and delivery. Reprod Health 2017;14(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-017-0370-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-017-0449-4","volume":"15","author":"A Asefa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asefa A, Bekele D, Morgan A, Kermode M. Service providers\u2019 experiences of disrespectful and abusive behavior towards women during facility-based childbirth in addis ababa, Ethiopia. Reprod Health. 2018;15(1):4.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"13459_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001847","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001847","volume":"12","author":"MA Bohren","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bohren MA, Vogel JP, Hunter EC, Lutsiv O, Makh SK, Souza JP, et al. The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: A mixed-methods systematic review. PLoS Med. 2015;12(6):e1001847.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"13459_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bohren MA, Hunter EC, Munthe-Kaas HM, Souza JP, Vogel JP, G\u00fclmezoglu AM. Facilitators and barriers to facility-based delivery in low- and middle-income countries: A qualitative evidence synthesis. Reprod Health. 2014;11(1):71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-4755-11-71.","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-11-71"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"13459_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003688","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-003688","volume":"5","author":"TM Maung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maung TM, Mon NO, Mehrtash H, Bonsaffoh KA, Vogel JP, Aderoba AK, et al. Women\u2019s experiences of mistreatment during childbirth and their satisfaction with care: findings from a multicountry community-based study in four countries. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;5(Suppl 2):e003688.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"13459_CR44","first-page":"1","volume":"2022","author":"H Gebrehiwot","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gebrehiwot H, Estifanos N, Zenebe Y, Anbesaw T. Patient perception of informed consent and its associated factors among surgical patients attending public hospitals in Dessie City administration, Northeast Ethiopia. Crit Care Res Pract. 2022;2022:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Crit Care Res Pract"},{"key":"13459_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Isangula K, Mbekenga C, Mwansisya T, Mwasha L, Kisaka L, Selestine E, et al. Healthcare providers\u2019 experiences with a clinical mentorship intervention to improve reproductive, maternal and newborn care in mwanza, Tanzania. Front Health Serv. 2022;2:792909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frhs.2022.792909.","DOI":"10.3389\/frhs.2022.792909"},{"key":"13459_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Downe S, Finlayson K, Oladapo O, Bonet M, G\u00fclmezoglu AM. What matters to women during childbirth: a systematic qualitative review. PLoS ONE. 2018;13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197791"},{"issue":"1","key":"13459_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-019-0132-z","volume":"26","author":"Z Mostel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mostel Z, Perl A, Marck M, Mehdi SF, Lowell B, Bathija S, et al. Post-sepsis syndrome \u2013 an evolving entity that afflicts survivors of sepsis. Mol Med. 2020;26(1):6.","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"13459_CR48","first-page":"1361","volume":"20","author":"EL Davies","year":"2022","unstructured":"Davies EL, Pollock D, Graham A, Laing RE, Langton V, Bulto L, et al. Reporting of patient journey mapping in current literature: a scoping review protocol. JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep. 2022;20(5):1361\u20138.","journal-title":"JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep"},{"key":"13459_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fiest KM, Krewulak KD, Brundin-Mather R, Leia MP, Fox-Robichaud A, Lamontagne F, et al. Patient, public, and healthcare professional\u2019s sepsis awareness, knowledge, and information-seeking behaviours: a scoping review. Crit Care Med. 2022;50(8):1187\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005564","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005564"},{"issue":"7","key":"13459_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czac034","volume":"37","author":"A Ferede Gebremedhin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferede Gebremedhin A, Dawson A, Hayen A. Evaluations of effective coverage of maternal and child health services: A systematic review. Health Policy Plan. 2022;37(7):895\u2013914.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:41:19Z","timestamp":1781610079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["13459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-025-13459-1","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4790235\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (P.10\/22\/3793) and the University of Liverpool Central University Research Ethics Committee (UoL001719). Ethical approval for the parent study (The Lactate study) was obtained from the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (P.10\/22\/3553) and the University of Liverpool Central University Research Ethics Committee (UoL10737). All participants provided written informed consent and were informed of their right to terminate their participation at any time.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1246"}}