{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:45:05Z","timestamp":1782794705126,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development","award":["SGDE-EDRMS-#9926532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SGDE-EDRMS-#9926532"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T10:54:39Z","timestamp":1778064879000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early feasibility of telemedicine-based mental health wellbeing centers: an implementation study in district and sub-district health facilities in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Sohel","family":"Shomik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aniqa Tasnim","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahadat","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Hafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ridwana Maher","family":"Manna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SM Hasibul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tasnu","family":"Ara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Abdullah","family":"Al Mamun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Shariful","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishrat","family":"Jabeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesmin Mahmuda","family":"Juthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Shahrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia Afrose","family":"Shams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahmida","family":"Afroze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasimul Ghani","family":"Usmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahiduzzaman","family":"Sakil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bibek","family":"Ahamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maruf Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SM Mustafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helal Uddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muntasir","family":"Maruf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradip","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafiqul","family":"Ameen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anisuddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Robed","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shams El","family":"Arifeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Ehsanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"14655_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1177\/21676968211058516","volume":"10","author":"M Haikalis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haikalis M, Doucette H, Meisel MK, Birch K, Barnett NP. Changes in college student anxiety and depression from pre-to during-COVID-19: Perceived stress, academic challenges, loneliness, and positive perceptions. Emerg Adulthood. 2022;10(2):534\u201345.","journal-title":"Emerg Adulthood"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30056-4","volume":"8","author":"TK Burki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burki TK. Coronavirus in china. Lancet Respiratory Med. 2020;8(3):238.","journal-title":"Lancet Respiratory Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"14655_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1036","volume":"368","author":"E Mahase","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahase E. Covid-19: WHO declares pandemic because of alarming levels of spread, severity, and inaction. BMJ. 2020;368(8):1036.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"14655_CR4","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Results. Seattle (WA): Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME); 2024. Available from: https:\/\/vizhub.healthdata.org\/gbd-results\/"},{"key":"14655_CR5","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. GBD Compare. Seattle (WA): Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME); 2024. Available from: https:\/\/vizhub.healthdata.org\/gbd-compare\/"},{"issue":"10312","key":"14655_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02143-7","volume":"398","author":"DF Santomauro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santomauro DF, Herrera AMM, Shadid J, Zheng P, Ashbaugh C, Pigott DM, et al. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2021;398(10312):1700\u201312.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"14655_CR7","unstructured":"World Health Organization. National mental health survey of Bangladesh, 2018-19: Provisional fact sheet. 2019."},{"key":"14655_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balakrishnan V, Ng KS, Kaur W, Lee ZL. COVID-19 mental health prevalence and its risk factors in South East Asia. Curr Psychol. 2022:1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-021-02556-z"},{"key":"14655_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanha AF, Sheba NH, Islam MS, Potenza MN, Islam MR. A review of common mental health problems in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia. Curr Psychol. 2022:1\u201321.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-04106-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10173","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89700-8","volume":"11","author":"S Nochaiwong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nochaiwong S, Ruengorn C, Thavorn K, Hutton B, Awiphan R, Phosuya C, et al. Global prevalence of mental health issues among the general population during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):10173.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"16","author":"N Salari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Rasoulpoor S, Mohammadi M, et al. Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Globalization health. 2020;16(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Globalization health"},{"key":"14655_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.048","volume":"89","author":"N Vindegaard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;89:531\u201342.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"14655_CR13","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Bangladesh WHO special initiative for mental health situational assessment. World Health Organization; 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-07678-z","volume":"22","author":"GK Dutta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dutta GK, Sarker BK, Ahmed HU, Bhattacharyya DS, Rahman MM, Majumder R, et al. Mental healthcare-seeking behavior during the perinatal period among women in rural Bangladesh. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022;22(1):310.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0216-9","volume":"14","author":"MD Hossain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hossain MD, Ahmed HU, Chowdhury WA, Niessen LW, Alam DS. Mental disorders in Bangladesh: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1192\/bji.2021.42","volume":"18","author":"MT Hasan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasan MT, Anwar T, Christopher E, Hossain S, Hossain MM, Koly KN, et al. The current state of mental healthcare in Bangladesh: part 2\u2013setting priorities. BJPsych Int. 2021;18(4):82\u20135.","journal-title":"BJPsych Int"},{"key":"14655_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-020-00351-0","volume":"14","author":"M Tasdik Hasan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tasdik Hasan M, Adhikary G, Mahmood S, Papri N, Shihab HM, Kasujja R, et al. Exploring mental health needs and services among affected population in a cyclone affected area in costal Bangladesh: a qualitative case study. Int J mental health Syst. 2020;14:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J mental health Syst"},{"issue":"S1","key":"14655_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.183","volume":"7","author":"G Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma G, Devan K. The effectiveness of telepsychiatry: a thematic review. BJPsych open. 2021;7(S1):S51\u2013S.","journal-title":"BJPsych open"},{"issue":"6","key":"14655_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.202000441","volume":"72","author":"D Guinart","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guinart D, Marcy P, Hauser M, Dwyer M, Kane JM. Mental health care providers\u2019 attitudes toward telepsychiatry: a systemwide, multisite survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatric Serv. 2021;72(6):704\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Serv"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2013.03.002","volume":"27","author":"EK Yuen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuen EK, Herbert JD, Forman EM, Goetter EM, Juarascio AS, Rabin S, et al. Acceptance based behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder through videoconferencing. J Anxiety Disord. 2013;27(4):389\u201397.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"14655_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.12.010","volume":"44","author":"JA Himle","year":"2006","unstructured":"Himle JA, Fischer DJ, Muroff JR, Van Etten ML, Lokers LM, Abelson JL, et al. Videoconferencing-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(12):1821\u20139.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"14655_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams A, LaRocca R, Chang T, Trinh NH, Fava M, Kvedar J, et al. Web-based depression screening and psychiatric consultation for college students: a feasibility and acceptability study. Int J Telemed Appl. 2014.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/580786"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20494","volume":"23","author":"PW Tuerk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tuerk PW, Yoder M, Ruggiero KJ, Gros DF, Acierno R. A pilot study of prolonged exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder delivered via telehealth technology. J Trauma Stress: Official Publication Int Soc Trauma Stress Stud. 2010;23(1):116\u201323.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress: Official Publication Int Soc Trauma Stress Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_441_16","volume":"39","author":"S Moirangthem","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moirangthem S, Rao S, Kumar CN, Narayana M, Raviprakash N, Math SB. Telepsychiatry as an economically better model for reaching the unreached: A retrospective report from South India. Indian J Psychol Med. 2017;39(3):271\u20135.","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"key":"14655_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eisenberg D, Golberstein E, Gollust SE. Help-seeking and access to mental health care in a university student population. Med Care. 2007:594\u2013601.","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31803bb4c1"},{"key":"14655_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2019.101886","volume":"48","author":"S Das","year":"2020","unstructured":"Das S, Manjunatha N, Kumar CN, Math SB, Thirthalli J. Tele-psychiatric after care clinic for the continuity of care: A pilot study from an academic hospital. Asian J Psychiatry. 2020;48:101886.","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v5.i3.286","volume":"5","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chakrabarti S. Usefulness of telepsychiatry: A critical evaluation of videoconferencing-based approaches. World J psychiatry. 2015;5(3):286.","journal-title":"World J psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"14655_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2594","volume":"28","author":"E Fernandez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fernandez E, Woldgabreal Y, Day A, Pham T, Gleich B, Aboujaoude E. Live psychotherapy by video versus in-person: A meta\u2010analysis of efficacy and its relationship to types and targets of treatment. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2021;28(6):1535\u201349.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"issue":"10","key":"14655_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22030","volume":"69","author":"KL Lichstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lichstein KL, Scogin F, Thomas SJ, DiNapoli EA, Dillon HR, McFadden A. Telehealth cognitive behavior therapy for co-occurring insomnia and depression symptoms in older adults. J Clin Psychol. 2013;69(10):1056\u201365.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"14655_CR30","unstructured":"Peters DH, Tran NT, Adam T. Implementation research in health: a practical guide. World Health Organization; 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"14655_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-010-0319-7","volume":"38","author":"E Proctor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Proctor E, Silmere H, Raghavan R, Hovmand P, Aarons G, Bunger A, et al. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Adm policy mental health mental health Serv Res. 2011;38(2):65\u201376.","journal-title":"Adm policy mental health mental health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-021-00605-z","volume":"19","author":"AM Orkin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orkin AM, Rao S, Venugopal J, Kithulegoda N, Wegier P, Ritchie SD, et al. Conceptual framework for task shifting and task sharing: an international Delphi study. Hum Resour health. 2021;19(1):61.","journal-title":"Hum Resour health"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v14.i3.350","volume":"14","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chakrabarti S. Digital psychiatry in low-and-middle-income countries: new developments and the way forward. World J Psychiatry. 2024;14(3):350.","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"s56","key":"14655_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s1","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.153668","volume":"208","author":"C Lund","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lund C, Tomlinson M, Patel V. Integration of mental health into primary care in low-and middle-income countries: the PRIME mental healthcare plans. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;208(s56):s1\u20133.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"14655_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czaa114","volume":"35","author":"KE Fabian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fabian KE, Muanido A, Cumbe VF, Manaca N, Hicks L, Weiner BJ, et al. Optimizing treatment cascades for mental healthcare in Mozambique: preliminary effectiveness of the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach for Mental Health (SAIA-MH). Health Policy Plann. 2020;35(10):1354\u201363.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plann"},{"key":"14655_CR36","volume-title":"Feasibility of introducing pulse oximetry for identifying hypoxaemia among children with pneumonia in paediatric outpatient settings in Bangladesh: generating evidence and synthesising knowledge for influencing policy","author":"AE Rahman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahman AE. Feasibility of introducing pulse oximetry for identifying hypoxaemia among children with pneumonia in paediatric outpatient settings in Bangladesh: generating evidence and synthesising knowledge for influencing policy. programme planning and practice: University of Edinburgh; 2022."},{"key":"14655_CR37","unstructured":"Groves RM, Fowler FJ Jr, Couper MP, Lepkowski JM, Singer E, Tourangeau R. Survey methodology. Wiley; 2011."},{"key":"14655_CR38","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Census and sample: Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/understanding-statistics\/statistical-terms-and-concepts\/census-and-sample"},{"key":"14655_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-020-09874-8","volume":"92","author":"M Ackerman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ackerman M, Greenwald E, Noulas P, Ahn C. Patient satisfaction with and use of telemental health services in the perinatal period: a survey study. Psychiatr Q. 2021;92:925\u201333.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Q"},{"issue":"2","key":"14655_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnn.2022.07.027","volume":"29","author":"ST K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","year":"2023","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ST, Ta\u015fg\u0131t A. Sociodemographic factors affecting depression-anxiety-stress levels and coping strategies of parents with babies treated in neonatal intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Neonatal Nurs. 2023;29(2):375\u201386.","journal-title":"J Neonatal Nurs"},{"issue":"12","key":"14655_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0261590","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261590","volume":"16","author":"TA Dhira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dhira TA, Rahman MA, Sarker AR, Mehareen J. Validity and reliability of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) among university students of Bangladesh. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(12):e0261590.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00938-3","volume":"22","author":"A Kamrul-Hasan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kamrul-Hasan A, Hannan MA, Asaduzzaman M, Rahman MM, Alam MS, Amin MN, et al. Prevalence and predictors of diabetes distress among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a facility-based cross-sectional study of Bangladesh. BMC Endocr Disorders. 2022;22(1):28.","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"14655_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3329\/dujbs.v30i2.54652","volume":"30","author":"R Naher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naher R, Rabby MRA, Sharif F. Validation of patient health questionnaire-9 for assessing depression of adults in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ J Biol Sci. 2021;30(2):275\u201381.","journal-title":"Dhaka Univ J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.12809\/eaap20101","volume":"31","author":"SC Shih","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shih SC, Chan AS, Yeung EY, Tsang AM, Chiu RL, Chu MH, et al. Psychometric properties of Chinese version of work and social adjustment scale for outpatients with common mental disorders: Classical test theory and Rasch analysis. East Asian Archives Psychiatry. 2021;31(4):97\u2013104.","journal-title":"East Asian Archives Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5195\/ijt.2016.6196","volume":"8","author":"B Parmanto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parmanto B, Lewis AN Jr, Graham KM, Bertolet MH. Development of the telehealth usability questionnaire (TUQ). Int J telerehabilitation. 2016;8(1):3.","journal-title":"Int J telerehabilitation"},{"issue":"9","key":"14655_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","volume":"16","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):606\u201313.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"14655_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","volume":"166","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, L\u00f6we B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"14655_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65912","DOI":"10.2196\/65912","volume":"8","author":"AT Hossain","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hossain AT, Rahman MH, Manna RM, Akter E, Islam SH, Hossain MA, et al. Enhancing access to mental health services for antepartum and postpartum women through telemental health services at wellbeing centers in selected health facilities in Bangladesh: implementation research. JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2025;8:e65912.","journal-title":"JMIR Pediatr Parent"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17","volume":"3","author":"Z Bursac","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bursac Z, Gauss CH, Williams DK, Hosmer DW. Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression. Source Code Biol Med. 2008;3(1):17.","journal-title":"Source Code Biol Med"},{"key":"14655_CR50","first-page":"51","volume":"8","author":"O Wamuo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wamuo O, Hyun N, Holt JM, Somai MM, Crotty BH. Patient and Provider Factors Associated With Successfully Addressing Medical Needs Using Telehealth: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Manag Care. 2023;8:51.","journal-title":"Manag Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"14655_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.1831","volume":"176","author":"A Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan A, Parente V, Baird JD, Patel SJ, Cray S, Graham DA, et al. Association of patient and family reports of hospital safety climate with language proficiency in the US. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176(8):776\u201386.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"14655_CR52","first-page":"352","volume":"51","author":"F Ingravallo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ingravallo F, Sandroni S, D\u2019Addio L, Miccinesi G. Do you agree with the doctor\u2019s decision to continue treatment? A scenario-based study of hospital nurses in Italy. Annali dell\u2019Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0. 2015;51:352\u20137.","journal-title":"Annali dell\u2019Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2009.0088","volume":"16","author":"T Rabinowitz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rabinowitz T, Murphy KM, Amour JL, Ricci MA, Caputo MP, Newhouse PA. Benefits of a telepsychiatry consultation service for rural nursing home residents. Telemedicine e-Health. 2010;16(1):34\u201340.","journal-title":"Telemedicine e-Health"},{"key":"14655_CR54","unstructured":"Alis Behavioral Health. Telehealth for mental health: alis behavioral health. 2024. Available from: https:\/\/www.alisbh.com\/blog\/telehealth-for-mental-health\/"},{"issue":"5","key":"14655_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2005.11.574","volume":"11","author":"L Manfredi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Manfredi L, Shupe J, Batki SL. Rural jail telepsychiatry: a pilot feasibility study. Telemedicine J E-Health. 2005;11(5):574\u20137.","journal-title":"Telemedicine J E-Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"14655_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20772","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05604blu","volume":"71","author":"LA Morland","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morland LA, Greene CJ, Rosen CS, Foy D, Reilly P, Shore J, et al. Telemedicine for anger management therapy in a rural population of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized noninferiority trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010;71(7):20772.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"14655_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiner MF, Rossetti HC, Harrah K. Videoconference diagnosis and management of Choctaw Indian dementia patients. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2011;7(6):562\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.02.006"},{"key":"14655_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2022.100109","volume":"2","author":"A Banbury","year":"2023","unstructured":"Banbury A, Taylor ML, Gray LC, Reid N, Smith AC. Sustaining and expanding telehealth activity: Training requirements for Australian residential aged care front-line staff. PEC Innov. 2023;2:100109.","journal-title":"PEC Innov"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08993-1","volume":"23","author":"R Appleton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Appleton R, Barnett P, Vera San Juan N, Tuudah E, Lyons N, Parker J, et al. Implementation strategies for telemental health: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023;23(1):78.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"14655_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2024.102871","volume":"46","author":"J Marshall","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marshall J, Blavin F, O\u2019Brien C, Parekh A, Smith LB. Patient characteristics associated with frequent telehealth utilization in 2022: Evaluation of a national virtual integrated medical and behavioral health practice within the United States. Prev Med Rep. 2024;46:102871.","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.3903","volume":"82","author":"M Olfson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Olfson M, McClellan C, Zuvekas SH, Wall M, Blanco C. Trends in outpatient psychotherapy among adults in the US. JAMA psychiatry. 2025;82(3):253\u201363.","journal-title":"JAMA psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20200028","volume":"18","author":"DE Stubbe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stubbe DE. Enhancing adherence: using mobile health technology to improve self-management for individuals with schizophrenia. Focus. 2020;18(4):424\u20137.","journal-title":"Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1348\/135910709X457423","volume":"15","author":"DT Doherty","year":"2010","unstructured":"Doherty DT, Kartalova-O\u2019Doherty Y. Gender and self\u2010reported mental health problems: predictors of help seeking from a general practitioner. Br J Health Psychol. 2010;15(1):213\u201328.","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"14655_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim YK, Small E, Pounders RD, Fall SL, Wilson WL, editors. Ecological factors of telemental healthcare utilization among adolescents with increased substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: the moderating effect of gender. Child & Youth Care Forum; 2024.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566-023-09751-y"},{"key":"14655_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.21037\/mhealth-2020-4","volume":"7","author":"MC Mishkind","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mishkind MC. How telemental health delivered to non-traditional locations helped prepare for responses to COVID-19. Mhealth. 2021;7:17.","journal-title":"Mhealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"14655_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18436-7","volume":"24","author":"RM Abuyadek","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abuyadek RM, Hammouda EA, Elrewany E, Elmalawany DH, Ashmawy R, Zeina S, et al. Acceptability of tele-mental health services among users: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):1143.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"14655_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batastini AB, Paprzycki P, Jones AC, MacLean N. Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical psychology review. 2021;83:101944.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101944"},{"issue":"6","key":"14655_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2018.0058","volume":"25","author":"MB Berryhill","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berryhill MB, Culmer N, Williams N, Halli-Tierney A, Betancourt A, Roberts H, et al. Videoconferencing psychotherapy and depression: a systematic review. Telemedicine e-Health. 2019;25(6):435\u201346.","journal-title":"Telemedicine e-Health"},{"key":"14655_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198096","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1198096","volume":"10","author":"N Sinha Gregory","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sinha Gregory N, Shukla AP, Noel JJ, Alonso LC, Moxley J, Crawford AJ, et al. The feasibility, acceptability, and usability of telehealth visits. Front Med. 2023;10:1198096.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1192\/bji.2021.41","volume":"18","author":"MT Hasan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasan MT, Anwar T, Christopher E, Hossain S, Hossain MM, Koly KN, et al. The current state of mental healthcare in Bangladesh: part 1 - an updated country profile. BJPsych Int. 2021;18(4):78\u201382.","journal-title":"BJPsych Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ajpn.20150304.11","volume":"3","author":"A Islam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Islam A, Biswas T. Mental health and the health system in Bangladesh: situation analysis of a neglected domain. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015;3(4):57\u201362.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"14655_CR72","unstructured":"Esho Nije Kori. \u2013 Best Mental Health Organization in Bangladesh 2016. Available from: https:\/\/www.eshonijekori.com\/about-us"},{"key":"14655_CR73","unstructured":"Mental Health Service Directory. ADD International Bangladesh. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/add.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Bangladesh-Mental-Health-Service-Directory-in-English.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2020.54","volume":"37","author":"M O\u2019Brien","year":"2020","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien M, McNicholas F. The use of telepsychiatry during COVID-19 and beyond. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37(4):250\u20135.","journal-title":"Ir J Psychol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"14655_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2013.0075","volume":"19","author":"DM Hilty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hilty DM, Ferrer DC, Parish MB, Johnston B, Callahan EJ, Yellowlees PM. The effectiveness of telemental health: a 2013 review. Telemedicine e-Health. 2013;19(6):444\u201354.","journal-title":"Telemedicine e-Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"14655_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2011.0126","volume":"18","author":"J Chong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chong J, Moreno F. Feasibility and acceptability of clinic-based telepsychiatry for low-income Hispanic primary care patients. Telemedicine e-Health. 2012;18(4):297\u2013304.","journal-title":"Telemedicine e-Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"14655_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0201-9","volume":"22","author":"JC Fortney","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fortney JC, Pyne JM, Edlund MJ, Williams DK, Robinson DE, Mittal D, et al. A randomized trial of telemedicine-based collaborative care for depression. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22(8):1086\u201393.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"14655_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(97)00128-7","volume":"45","author":"J Sitzia","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sitzia J, Wood N. Patient satisfaction: a review of issues and concepts. Soc Sci Med. 1997;45(12):1829\u201343.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"14655_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/24.3.569","volume":"24","author":"I Joung","year":"1995","unstructured":"Joung I, Van der Meer J, Mackenbach J. Marital status and health care utilization. Int J Epidemiol. 1995;24(3):569\u201375.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"14655_CR80","unstructured":"Butler J, Morgan M. Marital status, illness and the use of health service. 1974."},{"key":"14655_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2022.03.014","volume":"121","author":"T Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin T, Cheng L, Wang K, Cao J, Huang H, Witlox F. Examining equity in accessibility to multi-tier healthcare services across different income households using estimated travel time. Transp Policy. 2022;121:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Transp Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"14655_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2024-008031","volume":"15","author":"J Blackburn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Blackburn J, Sen B, Jillur Rahim M, Sharma P, Brisendine A, Morrisey MA, et al. Use of Telehealth for Follow-up Care After Children\u2019s Mental Health Hospitalizations. Hosp Pediatr. 2025;15(2):158\u201368.","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr"},{"key":"14655_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crow H, Gage H, Hampson S, Hart J, Kimber A, Storey L, et al. Measurement of satisfaction with health care: Implications for practice from a systematic review of the literature. Health Technol Assess. 2002;6(32).","DOI":"10.3310\/hta6320"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:10:56Z","timestamp":1782792656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-026-14655-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and received the ethical approval from the Ethical Review Committee of the International Center for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (protocol PR-22103). This followed after receiving rigorous scientific review by the Research Review Committee, which comprises a diverse body of scientific experts. The study involves no more than minimal risk of clients. However, before each interview, study\u2019s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits were explained to participants, and written or verbal informed consent was gained before the interview. In case of participants under the age of 16, written informed consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. Moreover, all participants\u2019 personal information was anonymous and confidential. For future use, we used anonymous data to make sure this did not conflict with or violate the maintenance of privacy, anonymity, and confidentiality of the participants\u2019 information. Participants had the full freedom and right to not participate in this study and to withdraw participation at any time during data collection.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"883"}}