{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T01:06:21Z","timestamp":1788570381045,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409270400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T19:35:22Z","timestamp":1409340922000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Two distinct Do-Not-Resuscitate protocols leaving less to the imagination: an observational study using propensity score matching"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yen-Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahida H","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred F","family":"Connors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan-Chwen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J","family":"Youngner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"146_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Standards for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care (ECC). V. Medicolegal considerations and recommendations.JAMA 1974, 227:864-868.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.227.7.833"},{"key":"146_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guidelines for the appropriate use of do-not-resuscitate orders. JAMA. 1991, 265: 1868-1871. 10.1001\/jama.1991.03460140096034.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.265.14.1868"},{"key":"146_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Decisions Relating to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: a joint statement from the British Medical Association, the Resuscitation Council (UK) and the Royal College of Nursing.J Med Ethics 2001, 27:310-316.","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.27.5.310"},{"key":"146_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2005.10.005","volume":"67","author":"PJF Baskett","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baskett PJF, Steen PA, Bossaert L: European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005: Section 8. The ethics of resuscitation and end-of-life decisions. Resuscitation. 2005, 67: S171-S180. 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2005.10.005.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"146_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733011410093","volume":"18","author":"YR Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park YR, Kim JA, Kim K: Changes in how ICU nurses perceive the DNR decision and their nursing activity after implementing it. Nurs Ethics. 2011, 18: 802-813. 10.1177\/0969733011410093.","journal-title":"Nurs Ethics"},{"key":"146_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.01.030","volume":"156","author":"JL Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen JL, Sosnov J, Lessard D, Goldberg RJ: Impact of do-not-resuscitation orders on quality of care performance measures in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure. Am Heart J. 2008, 156: 78-84. 10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.01.030.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"146_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.7.776","volume":"164","author":"EA Jackson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jackson EA, Yarzebski JL, Goldberg RJ, Wheeler B, Gurwitz JH, Lessard DM, Bedell SE, Gore JM: Do-not-resuscitate orders in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Arch Intern Med. 2004, 164: 776-783. 10.1001\/archinte.164.7.776.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"146_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52010.x","volume":"52","author":"SC Zweig","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zweig SC, Kruse RL, Binder EF, Szafara KL, Mehr DR: Effect of do-not-resuscitate orders on hospitalization of nursing home residents evaluated for lower respiratory infections. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004, 52: 51-58. 10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52010.x.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"146_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2003.002436","volume":"30","author":"D Vanpee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vanpee D, Swine C: Scale of levels of care versus DNR orders. J Med Ethics. 2004, 30: 351-352. 10.1136\/jme.2003.002436.","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"146_CR10","unstructured":"Ohio Department of Health: Do Not Resuscitate.., [http:\/\/www.odh.ohio.gov\/odhprograms\/dspc\/dnr\/dnr1.aspx]"},{"key":"146_CR11","unstructured":"Ohio Hospital Association, Ohio Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, Ohio State Medical Association, Ohio Osteopathic Association. Choices: Living Will at the End of Life, 5th edition; 2011:35-37."},{"key":"146_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004","volume":"36","author":"A Elixhauser","year":"1998","unstructured":"Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, Coffey RM: Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care. 1998, 36: 8-27. 10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"146_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009","volume":"13","author":"WA Knaus","year":"1985","unstructured":"Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE: APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985, 13: 818-829. 10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"146_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200511-1810OC","volume":"174","author":"A Garland","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garland A, Shaman Z, Baron J, Connors AF: Physician-attributable differences in intensive care unit costs: a single-center study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006, 174: 1206-1210. 10.1164\/rccm.200511-1810OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"146_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2002.120329","volume":"123","author":"EH Blackstone","year":"2002","unstructured":"Blackstone EH: Comparing apples and oranges. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2002, 123: 8-15. 10.1067\/mtc.2002.120329.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"146_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1500","volume":"133","author":"YY Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen YY, Connors AF, Garland A: Effect of decisions to withhold life support on prolonged survival. Chest. 2008, 133: 1312-1318. 10.1378\/chest.07-1500.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"146_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786","volume":"46","author":"PC Austin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Austin PC: An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behav Res. 2011, 46: 399-424. 10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786.","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"key":"146_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.2307\/2532266","volume":"49","author":"C Drake","year":"1993","unstructured":"Drake C: Effects of misspecification of the propensity score on estimators of treatment effect. Biometrics. 1993, 49: 1231-1236. 10.2307\/2532266.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"146_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2328","volume":"25","author":"PC Austin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Austin PC, Mamdani MM: A comparison of propensity score methods: a case-study estimating the effectiveness of post-AMI statin use. Stat Med. 2006, 25: 2084-2106. 10.1002\/sim.2328.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"146_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc1994.3.6.467","volume":"3","author":"EA Henneman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Henneman EA, Baird B, Bellamy PE, Faber LL, Oye RK: Effect of do-not-resuscitate orders on the nursing care of critically ill patients. Am J Crit Care. 1994, 3: 467-472.","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"key":"146_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50620.x","volume":"50","author":"MC Beach","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beach MC, Morrison RS: The effect of do-not-resuscitate orders on physician decision-making. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002, 50: 2057-2061. 10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50620.x.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"146_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2010.0177","volume":"13","author":"JN Baker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baker JN, Kane JR, Rai S, Howard SC, Hinds PS: Changes in medical care at a pediatric oncology referral center after placement of a do-not-resuscitate order. J Palliat Med. 2010, 13: 1349-1352. 10.1089\/jpm.2010.0177.","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"146_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253213506121","volume":"17","author":"V Schulz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schulz V, Novick RJ: The distinct role of palliative care in the surgical intensive care unit. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013, 17: 240-248. 10.1177\/1089253213506121.","journal-title":"Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"146_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3153-z","volume":"40","author":"K Puntillo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Puntillo K, Nelson JE, Weissman D, Curtis R, Weiss S, Frontera J, Gabriel M, Hays R, Lustbader D, Mosenthal A, Mulkerin C, Ray D, Bassett R, Boss R, Brasel K, Campbell M: Palliative care in the ICU: relief of pain, dyspnea, and thirst-a report from the IPAL-ICU Advisory Board. Intensive Care Med. 2014, 40: 235-248. 10.1007\/s00134-013-3153-z.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"146_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2013.0409","volume":"17","author":"R Aslakson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aslakson R, Cheng J, Vollenweider D, Galusca D, Smith TJ, Pronovost PJ: Evidence-based palliative care in the intensive care unit: a systematic review of interventions. J Palliat Med. 2014, 17: 219-235. 10.1089\/jpm.2013.0409.","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"146_CR26","unstructured":"United States Census 2010.., [www.census.gov\/2010census\/data]"},{"key":"146_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41","volume":"70","author":"PR Rosenbaum","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB: The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika. 1983, 70: 41-55. 10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"146_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420040091013","volume":"154","author":"EE O\u2019Toole","year":"1994","unstructured":"O\u2019Toole EE, Youngner SJ, Juknialis BW, Daly B, Bartlett ET, Landefeld CS: Evaluation of a treatment limitation policy with a specific treatment-limiting order page. Arch Intern Med. 1994, 154: 425-432. 10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420040091013.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T05:23:41Z","timestamp":1630560221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0146-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-7015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-7015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"146"}}