{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:12:11Z","timestamp":1790745131689,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541980800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2017YFC0907400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC0907400"]}]},{"name":"the Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province","award":["2013225079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013225079"]}]},{"name":"the Doctoral Start-Up Foundation of Liaoning Province","award":["201501007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201501007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81602918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81602918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Younger research fund of Shengjing Hospital","award":["2014sj09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014sj09"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006739","name":"Capital Foundation of Medical Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["YQ20170002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ20170002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T08:17:23Z","timestamp":1541492243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use during early pregnancy and congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies of more than 9 million births"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shan-Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi-Jun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ce","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tie-Ning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Qi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai-Xia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Ting","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2013.11.007","volume":"19","author":"A Ornoy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ornoy A, Koren G. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in human pregnancy: on the way to resolving the controversy. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;19(3):188\u201394.","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"1193_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0133721","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013372","volume":"7","author":"A Berard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berard A, Zhao J, Sheehy O. Antidepressant use during pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformations in a cohort of depressed pregnant women: an updated analysis of the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort. BMJ Open. 2017;7:e0133721.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63034","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063034","volume":"8","author":"E Jimenez-Solem","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jimenez-Solem E, Andersen JT, Petersen M, Broedbaek K, Andersen NL, Torp-Pedersen C, et al. Prevalence of antidepressant use during pregnancy in Denmark, a nation-wide cohort study. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e63034.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1193_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-017-0760-7","volume":"21","author":"LH Taouk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taouk LH, Matteson KA, Stark LM, Schulkin J. Prenatal depression screening and antidepressant prescription: obstetrician-gynecologists\u2019 practices, opinions, and interpretation of evidence. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2018;21(1):85\u201391.","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2465","volume":"30","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhou X, Zhu D, Chen J, Qin B, Zhang Y, et al. Is pindolol augmentation effective in depressed patients resistant to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2015;30(3):132\u201342.","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1193_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.5.993","volume":"160","author":"V Hendrick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hendrick V, Stowe ZN, Altshuler LL, Hwang S, Lee E, Haynes D. Placental passage of antidepressant medications. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(5):993\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"1193_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.7.720","volume":"60","author":"K Laine","year":"2003","unstructured":"Laine K, Heikkinen T, Ekblad U, Kero P. Effects of exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy on serotonergic symptoms in newborns and cord blood monoamine and prolactin concentrations. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60(7):720\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2011.09.004","volume":"32","author":"TW Sadler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sadler TW. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and heart defects: potential mechanisms for the observed associations. Reprod Toxicol. 2011;32(4):484\u20139.","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"1193_CR9","volume-title":"Public Health Advisory: Paroxetine","author":"U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)","year":"2005","unstructured":"U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Public Health Advisory: Paroxetine. 2005. https:\/\/wayback.archive-it.org\/7993\/20170112033310\/http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/DrugSafety\/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders\/ucm051731.htm . Accessed 27 Aug 2018.; 2018."},{"key":"1193_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j832","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j832","volume":"356","author":"WN Nembhard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nembhard WN, Tang X, Hu Z, MacLeod S, Stowe Z, Webber D. Maternal and infant genetic variants, maternal periconceptional use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: population based study. BMJ. 2017;356:j832.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1193_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.2017.60.2.145","volume":"60","author":"HH Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang HH, Ahn KH, Hong SC, Kwon BY, Lee EH, Lee JS, et al. Association of citalopram with congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2017;60(2):145\u201353.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4033","volume":"25","author":"R Selmer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Selmer R, Haglund B, Furu K, Andersen M, N\u00f8rgaard M, Zo\u00ebga H, et al. Individual-based versus aggregate meta-analysis in multi-database studies of pregnancy outcomes: the Nordic example of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine in pregnancy. Pharmacoepidem DR S. 2016;25(10):1160\u20139.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidem DR S"},{"issue":"12","key":"1193_CR13","first-page":"e302","volume":"36","author":"E Kowalik","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kowalik E, Ward K, Ye Y. SSRI use in pregnancy and congenital heart defects: a metaanalysis of population-based cohort studies. Pharmacotherapy. 2016;36(12):e302.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"1193_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang S, Yang L, Wang L, Gao L, Xu B, Xiong Y. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and the Risk of Congenital Heart Defects: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4(5):e001681.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001681"},{"issue":"11","key":"1193_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867413492219","volume":"47","author":"N Myles","year":"2013","unstructured":"Myles N, Newall H, Ward H, Large M. Systematic meta-analysis of individual selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications and congenital malformations. Aust NZ J Psychiat. 2013;47(11):1002\u201312.","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Psychiat"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.111.035915","volume":"37","author":"N Painuly","year":"2013","unstructured":"Painuly N, Painuly R, Heun R, Sharan P. Risk of cardiovascular malformations after exposure to paroxetine in pregnancy: meta-analysis. Psychiatrist. 2013;37(6):198\u2013203.","journal-title":"Psychiatrist"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR17","first-page":"362","volume":"35","author":"L Riggin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Riggin L, Frankel Z, Moretti M, Pupco A, Koren G. The fetal safety of fluoxetine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada. JOGC. 2013;35(4):362\u20139.","journal-title":"JOGC"},{"key":"1193_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3374","volume":"22","author":"Y Yan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yan Y, Cheng Y, Crowe B, Chhabra-Khanna R, Camporeale A, Marangell L. First trimester fluoxetine use and major malformations: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Pharmacoepidem DR S. 2013;22:168\u20139.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidem DR S"},{"key":"1193_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/2008-2231-20-75","volume":"20","author":"S Nikfar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nikfar S, Rahimi R, Hendoiee N, Abdollahi M. Increasing the risk of spontaneous abortion and major malformations in newborns following use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis. Daru. 2012;20:75.","journal-title":"Daru"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20627","volume":"88","author":"KE Wurst","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wurst KE, Poole C, Ephross SA, Olshan AF. First trimester paroxetine use and the prevalence of congenital, specifically cardiac, defects: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010;88(3):159\u201370.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1193_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)32918-8","volume":"30","author":"L O\u2019Brien","year":"2008","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien L, Einarson TR, Sarkar M, Einarson A, Koren G. Does paroxetine cause cardiac malformations? J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2008;30(8):696\u2013701.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"issue":"5","key":"1193_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2007.05.003","volume":"29","author":"B Bar-Oz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bar-Oz B, Einarson T, Einarson A, Boskovic R, O'Brien L, Malm H, et al. Paroxetine and congenital malformations: meta-analysis and consideration of potential confounding factors. Clin Ther. 2007;29(5):918\u201326.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1193_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799001270","volume":"30","author":"A Addis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Addis A, Koren G. Safety of fluoxetine during the first trimester of pregnancy: a meta-analytical review of epidemiological studies. Psychol Med. 2000;30(1):89\u201394.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1193_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43085","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43085","volume":"7","author":"TN Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang TN, Gao SY, Shen ZQ, Li D, Liu CX, Lv HC, et al. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in the first trimester and risk of cardiovascular-related malformations: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep. 2017;7:43085.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13161","volume":"83","author":"ZQ Shen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen ZQ, Gao SY, Li SX, Zhang TN, Liu CX, Lv HC, et al. Sertraline use in the first trimester and risk of congenital anomalies: a systemic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Brit J Clin Pharmaco. 2017;83(4):909\u201322.","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Pharmaco"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13321","volume":"83","author":"SY Gao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gao SY, Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Shen ZQ, Liu CX, Xu X, et al. Fluoxetine and congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Brit J Clin Pharmaco. 2017;83(10):2134\u201347.","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Pharmaco"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12849","volume":"81","author":"A B\u00e9rard","year":"2016","unstructured":"B\u00e9rard A, Iessa N, Chaabane S, Muanda FT, Boukhris T, Zhao JP. The risk of major cardiac malformations associated with paroxetine use during the first trimester of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brit J Clin Pharmaco. 2016;81(4):589\u2013604.","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Pharmaco"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e293","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r07966","volume":"74","author":"S Grigoriadis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grigoriadis S, VonderPorten EH, Mamisashvili L, Roerecke M, Rehm J, Dennis CL, et al. Antidepressant exposure during pregnancy and congenital malformations: is there an association? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the best evidence. J Clin Psychiat. 2013;74(4):e293\u2013308.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiat."},{"key":"1193_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h3190","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3190","volume":"351","author":"J Reefhuis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reefhuis J, Devine O, Friedman JM, Louik C, Honein MA. Specific SSRIs and birth defects: bayesian analysis to interpret new data in the context of previous reports. BMJ-Brit Med J. 2015;351:h3190.","journal-title":"BMJ-Brit Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/cga.12202","volume":"57","author":"H Nishigori","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishigori H, Obara T, Nishigori T, Mizuno S, Metoki H, Hoshiai T, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of major congenital anomalies for pregnancies in Japan: a nationwide birth cohort study of the Japan Environment and Children\u2019s Study. Congenit Anom. 2017;57(3):72\u20138.","journal-title":"Congenit Anom"},{"issue":"12","key":"1193_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0165122","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165122","volume":"11","author":"S Jordan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jordan S, Morris JK, Davies GI, Tucker D, Thayer DS, Luteijn JM, et al. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants in pregnancy and congenital anomalies: Analysis of linked databases in Wales, Norway and Funen, Denmark. Plos One. 2016;11(12):e0165122.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1193_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09241","volume":"77","author":"I Petersen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Petersen I, Evans SJ, Gilbert R, Marston L, Nazareth I. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and congenital heart anomalies: comparative cohort studies of women treated before and during pregnancy and their children. J Clin Psychiat. 2016;77(1):e36\u201342.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiat"},{"issue":"12","key":"1193_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14121575","volume":"172","author":"H Malm","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malm H, Sourander A, Gissler M, Gyllenberg D, Hinkka-Yli-Salom\u00e4ki S, McKeague IW, et al. Pregnancy complications following prenatal exposure to SSRIs or maternal psychiatric disorders: results from population-based national register data. AM J Psychiat. 2015;172(12):1224\u201332.","journal-title":"AM J Psychiat"},{"key":"1193_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h1798","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1798","volume":"350","author":"K Furu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Furu K, Kieler H, Haglund B, Engeland A, Selmer R, Stephansson O, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine in early pregnancy and risk of birth defects: population based cohort study and sibling design. BMJ. 2015;350:h1798.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1193_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knudsen TM, Hansen AV, Garne E, Andersen AMN. Increased risk of severe congenital heart defects in offspring exposed to selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in early pregnancy - an epidemiological study using validated EUROCAT data. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14(1):333.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-333"},{"issue":"9","key":"1193_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3462","volume":"22","author":"AV Margulis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Margulis AV, Abou-Ali A, Strazzeri MM, Ding Y, Kuyateh F, Frimpong EY, et al. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and cardiac malformations: a propensity-score matched cohort in CPRD. Pharmacoepidem DR S. 2013;22(9):942\u201351.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidem DR S"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001148","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001148","volume":"2","author":"Espen Jimenez-Solem","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jimenez-Solem E, Andersen JT, Petersen M, Broedbaek K, Jensen JK, Afzal S, et al. Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the risk of congenital malformations: A nationwide cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012;2(3):e001148.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"1193_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182490eaf","volume":"32","author":"H Nordeng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nordeng H, Van Gelder MMHJ, Spigset O, Koren G, Einarson A, Eberhard-Gran M. Pregnancy outcome after exposure to antidepressants and the role of maternal depression: results from the Norwegian mother and child cohort study. J Clin Psychopharm. 2012;32(2):186\u201394.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1193_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318220edcc","volume":"118","author":"H Malm","year":"2011","unstructured":"Malm H, Artama M, Gissler M, Ritvanen A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk for major congenital anomalies. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;118(1):111\u201320.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20832","volume":"91","author":"L Colvin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Colvin L, Slack-Smith L, Stanley FJ, Bower C. Dispensing patterns and pregnancy outcomes for women dispensed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy. Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol. 2011;91(4):268.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"1193_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S211","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1890","volume":"19","author":"I Petersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Petersen I, Gilbert R, Evans S, Marston L, Nazareth I. SSRI and risk of congenital cardiac abnormalities. Pharmacoepidem DR S. 2010;19:S211.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidem DR S"},{"key":"1193_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S9256","volume":"2","author":"JB Kornum","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kornum JB, Nielsen RB, Pedersen L, Mortensen PB, Norgaard M. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors during early pregnancy and risk of congenital malformations: updated analysis. Clin Epidemiol. 2010;2:29\u201336.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1193_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b3569","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b3569","volume":"339","author":"LH Pedersen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pedersen LH, Henriksen TB, Vestergaard M, Olsen J, Bech BH. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and congenital malformations: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2009;339:b3569.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20615","volume":"85","author":"P Merlob","year":"2009","unstructured":"Merlob P, Birk E, Sirota L, Linder N, Berant M, Stahl B, et al. Are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cardiac teratogens? Echocardiographic screening of newborns with persistent heart murmur. Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol. 2009;85(10):837\u201341.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res Part A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1193_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03261.x","volume":"66","author":"O Diav-Citrin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Diav-Citrin O, Shechtman S, Weinbaum D, Wajnberg R, Avgil M, Di Gianantonio E, et al. Paroxetine and fluoxetine in pregnancy: a prospective, multicentre, controlled, observational study. Brit J Clin Pharmaco. 2008;66(5):695\u2013705.","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Pharmaco"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20327","volume":"79","author":"BA Kallen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kallen BA, Otterblad OP. Maternal use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in early pregnancy and infant congenital malformations. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2007;79(4):301\u20138.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200629100-00121","volume":"29","author":"T Vial","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vial T, Cournot MP, Bernard N, Carlier P, Jonville-Bero AP, Jean-Pastor MJ, et al. Paroxetine and congenital malformations: a prospective comparative study. Drug Saf. 2006;29(10):970.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.111","volume":"67","author":"NK Grote","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grote NK, Bridge JA, Gavin AR, Melville JL, Iyengar S, Katon WJ. A meta-analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(10):1012\u201324.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"1193_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.845157","volume":"27","author":"K Szegda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Szegda K, Markenson G, Bertone-Johnson ER, Chasan-Taber L. Depression during pregnancy: a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes? A critical review of the literature. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;27(9):960\u20137.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e146","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1661379","volume":"8","author":"D Ogunyemi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ogunyemi D, Jovanovski A, Liu J, Friedman P, Sugiyama N, Creps J, et al. The contribution of untreated and treated anxiety and depression to prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal outcomes. AJP Rep. 2018;8(3):e146\u201357.","journal-title":"AJP Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"1193_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2017.1341872","volume":"16","author":"LH Pedersen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pedersen LH. The risks associated with prenatal antidepressant exposure: time for a precision medicine approach. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2017;16(8):915\u201321.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.07.011","volume":"215","author":"LC Susser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Susser LC, Sansone SA, Hermann AD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(6):722\u201330.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.02.009","volume":"207","author":"G Koren","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koren G, Nordeng H. Antidepressant use during pregnancy: the benefit-risk ratio. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012;207(3):157\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535","volume":"339","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ. 2009;339:b2535.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"25","key":"1193_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1312828","volume":"370","author":"KF Huybrechts","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huybrechts KF, Palmsten K, Avorn J, Cohen LS, Holmes LB, Franklin JM, et al. Antidepressant use in pregnancy and the risk of cardiac defects. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(25):2397\u2013407.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1462","volume":"16","author":"RL Davis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Davis RL, Rubanowice D, McPhillips H, Raebel MA, Andrade SE, Smith D, et al. Risks of congenital malformations and perinatal events among infants exposed to antidepressant medications during pregnancy. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2007;16(10):1086\u201394.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"14","key":"1193_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199610033351402","volume":"335","author":"CD Chambers","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chambers CD, Johnson KA, Dick LM, Felix RJ, Jones KL. Birth outcomes in pregnant women taking fluoxetine. N Engl J Med. 1996;335(14):1010\u20135.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1193_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1211","volume":"33","author":"C Vasilakis-Scaramozza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vasilakis-Scaramozza C, Aschengrau A, Cabral H, Jick SS. Antidepressant use during early pregnancy and the risk of congenital anomalies. Pharmacotherapy. 2013;33(7):693\u2013700.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"1193_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270011405524","volume":"52","author":"C Klieger-Grossmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Klieger-Grossmann C, Weitzner B, Panchaud A, Pistelli A, Einarson T, Koren G, et al. Pregnancy outcomes following use of escitalopram: a prospective comparative cohort study. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52(5):766\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370905400405","volume":"54","author":"A Einarson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Einarson A, Choi J, Einarson TR, Koren G. Incidence of major malformations in infants following antidepressant exposure in pregnancy: results of a large prospective cohort study. Can J Psychiatr. 2009;54(4):242\u20136.","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1193_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20144","volume":"83","author":"TF Oberlander","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oberlander TF, Warburton W, Misri S, Riggs W, Aghajanian J, Hertzman C. Major congenital malformations following prenatal exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepines using population-based health data. Birth Defects Res Part B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2008;83(1):68\u201376.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res Part B Dev Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR62","first-page":"727","volume":"18","author":"GA Wells","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea BJ, O'Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, et al. The Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analysis. Appl Eng Agric. 2014;18(6):727\u201334.","journal-title":"Appl Eng Agric"},{"key":"1193_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4482","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4482","volume":"354","author":"A Odutayo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Odutayo A, Wong CX, Hsiao AJ, Hopewell S, Altman DG, Emdin CA. Atrial fibrillation and risks of cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and death: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2016;354:i4482.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.034","volume":"212","author":"A B\u00e9rard","year":"2015","unstructured":"B\u00e9rard A, Zhao JP, Sheehy O. Sertraline use during pregnancy and the risk of major malformations. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(6):791\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1193_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3013","volume":"27","author":"J Hamling","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hamling J, Lee P, Weitkunat R, Ambuhl M. Facilitating meta-analyses by deriving relative effect and precision estimates for alternative comparisons from a set of estimates presented by exposure level or disease category. Stat Med. 2008;27(7):954\u201370.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07060879","volume":"165","author":"A Einarson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Einarson A, Pistelli A, DeSantis M, Malm H, Paulus WD, Panchaud A, et al. Evaluation of the risk of congenital cardiovascular defects associated with use of paroxetine during pregnancy. AM J Psychiat. 2008;165(6):749\u201352.","journal-title":"AM J Psychiat"},{"key":"1193_CR67","volume-title":"Development DD. Modern Epidemiology","author":"KJ Rothman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rothman KJ. Development DD. Modern Epidemiology. 3rd ed; 2014.","edition":"3"},{"issue":"3","key":"1193_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","volume":"7","author":"R Dersimonian","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dersimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7(3):177.","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"7414","key":"1193_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","volume":"327","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557\u201360.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","volume":"50","author":"CB Begg","year":"1994","unstructured":"Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50(4):1088\u2013101.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"7109","key":"1193_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","volume":"315","author":"M Egger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Egger M, Davey SG, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629\u201334.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"1193_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12682","volume":"121","author":"L Ban","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ban L, Gibson JE, West J, Fiaschi L, Sokal R, Smeeth L, et al. Maternal depression, antidepressant prescriptions, and congenital anomaly risk in offspring: a population-based cohort study. Bjog-Int J Obstet GY. 2014;121(12):1471\u201381.","journal-title":"Bjog-Int J Obstet GY"},{"issue":"8","key":"1193_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2003.10.002","volume":"21","author":"Y Sari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sari Y, Zhou FC. Serotonin and its transporter on proliferation of fetal heart cells. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2003;21(8):417\u201324.","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0419","volume":"69","author":"DK Sit","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sit DK, Perel JM, Helsel JC, Wisner KL. Changes in antidepressant metabolism and dosing across pregnancy and early postpartum. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(4):652\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420470609","volume":"47","author":"MS Yavarone","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yavarone MS, Shuey DL, Tamir H, Sadler TW, Lauder JM. Serotonin and cardiac morphogenesis in the mouse embryo. Teratology. 1993;47(6):573\u201384.","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"1193_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10174.x","volume":"861","author":"DS Choi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Choi DS, Kellermann O, Richard S, Colas JF, Bolanos-Jimenez F, Tournois C, et al. Mouse 5-HT2B receptor-mediated serotonin trophic functions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;861:67\u201373.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"1193_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2015.1063614","volume":"11","author":"S Gentile","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gentile S. Early pregnancy exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, risks of major structural malformations, and hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2015;11(10):1585\u201397.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1193_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320510203","volume":"51","author":"R Carmi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Carmi R, Gohar J, Meizner I, Katz M. Spontaneous abortion--high risk factor for neural tube defects in subsequent pregnancy. Am J Med Genet. 1994;51(2):93\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"22","key":"1193_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1823","volume":"306","author":"R Bukowski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bukowski R, Carpenter M, Conway D, Coustan D, Dudley DJ, Goldenberg RL, et al. Causes of death among stillbirths. Jama-J Am Med Assoc. 2011;306(22):2459\u201368.","journal-title":"Jama-J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"1193_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S9304","volume":"2","author":"V Ehrenstein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ehrenstein V, Sorensen HT, Bakketeig LS, Pedersen L. Medical databases in studies of drug teratogenicity: methodological issues. Clin Epidemiol. 2010;2:37\u201343.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1193_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2010.07.2175","volume":"122","author":"M Tuccori","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tuccori M, Montagnani S, Testi A, Ruggiero E, Mantarro S, Scollo C, et al. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and risk of major and cardiovascular malformations: an update. Postgrad Med. 2010;122(4):49\u201365.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200923060-00004","volume":"23","author":"S Alwan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alwan S, Friedman JM. Safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy. CNS Drugs. 2009;23(6):493\u2013509.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"1193_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0338-3","volume":"30","author":"S Alwan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alwan S, Friedman JM, Chambers C. Safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy: a review of current evidence. CNS Drugs. 2016;30(6):499\u2013515.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"26","key":"1193_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066584","volume":"356","author":"S Alwan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alwan S, Reefhuis J, Rasmussen SA, Olney RS, Friedman JM. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(26):2684\u201392.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1720755270000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-018-1193-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-7015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-7015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 June 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 November 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"205"}}