{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:03:22Z","timestamp":1792274602372,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In women of reproductive age, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) constitutes the most frequent endocrine disorder. Women with PCOS are considered to typically belong to an age and sex group which is at lower risk for severe COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main body<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emerging data link the risk of severe COVID-19 with certain factors such as hyper-inflammation, ethnicity predisposition, low vitamin D levels, and hyperandrogenism, all of which have known direct associations with PCOS. Moreover, in this common female patient population, there is markedly high prevalence of multiple cardio-metabolic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, which may significantly increase the risk for adverse COVID-19-related outcomes. This strong overlap of risk factors for both worse PCOS cardio-metabolic manifestations and severe COVID-19 should be highlighted for the clinical practice, particularly since women with PCOS often receive fragmented care from multiple healthcare services. Comprehensively informing women with PCOS regarding the potential risks from COVID-19 and how this may affect their management is also essential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the immense challenges posed by the COVID-19 outbreak to the healthcare systems in affected countries, attention should be directed to maintain a high standard of care for complex patients such as many women with PCOS and provide relevant practical recommendations for optimal management in the setting of this fast moving pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T01:02:48Z","timestamp":1594774968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and COVID-19: an overlooked female patient population at potentially higher risk during the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6997-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kyrou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Karteris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamaljit","family":"Chatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fotios","family":"Drenos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harpal S.","family":"Randeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1697_CR1","first-page":"157","volume":"91","author":"D Cucinotta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(1):157\u201360.","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"1697_CR2","volume-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 51","author":"World Health Organization, WHO","year":"2020","unstructured":"World Health Organization, WHO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 51. 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/situation-reports. Accessed 20 May 2020."},{"key":"1697_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: a review. Clin Immunol. 2020:108427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108427.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108427"},{"key":"1697_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013574","volume":"4","author":"B Nussbaumer-Streit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nussbaumer-Streit B, Mayr V, Dobrescu AI, Chapman A, Persad E, Klerings I, et al. Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID-19: a rapid review. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;4:CD013574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013574.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"13","key":"1697_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","volume":"323","author":"Z Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020;323(13):1239\u201342.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1697_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3319","volume":"31","author":"W Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo W, Li M, Dong Y, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Tian C, et al. Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;31:e3319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.3319.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30117-X","volume":"8","author":"H Cai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cai H. Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(4):e20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30117-X.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1697_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2948","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082948","volume":"21","author":"S La Vignera","year":"2020","unstructured":"La Vignera S, Cannarella R, Condorelli RA, Torre F, Aversa A, Calogero AE. Sex-specific SARS-CoV-2 mortality: among hormone-modulated ACE2 expression, risk of venous thromboembolism and hypovitaminosis D. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(8):E2948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21082948.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1697_CR9","volume-title":"Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol","author":"AB Docherty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Docherty AB, Harrison EM, Green CA, Hardwick HE, Pius R, Norman L, et al. Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol. 2020. Preprint at https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.04.23.20076042v1."},{"key":"1697_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williamson E, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran KJ, Bacon S, Bates C, Morton CE, et al. The OpenSAFELY Collaborative. OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the linked electronic health records of 17 million adult NHS patients. 2020. Preprint at https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.05.06.20092999v1.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2521-4"},{"issue":"18","key":"1697_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","volume":"382","author":"WJ Guan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708\u201320.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1697_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jin J-M, Bai P, He W, Wu F, Liu X-F, Han D-M, et al. Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality. Front Public Health. 2020; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00152.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00152"},{"key":"1697_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li X, Xu S, Yu M, Wang K, Tao Y, Zhou Y, et al. Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.04.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.04.006"},{"key":"1697_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Zuliani G, Rigatelli A, Mazza A, Roncon L. Arterial hypertension and risk of death in patients with COVID-19 infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.03.059.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.03.059"},{"key":"1697_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154224","volume":"7","author":"DC Klonoff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Klonoff DC, Umpierrez GE. COVID-19 in patients with diabetes: risk factors that increase morbidity. Metabolism. 2020;7:154224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154224.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1697_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW, et al. Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area. JAMA. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.6775.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775"},{"key":"1697_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Dalan R, Hopkins D, Mingrone G, Boehm BO. Endocrine and metabolic link to coronavirus infection. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-020-0353-9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0353-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"1697_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004","volume":"81","author":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004;81(1):19\u201325.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1697_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-2789-5_13","volume-title":"Endocrinology and Diabetes Springer London","author":"I Kyrou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kyrou I, Weickert MO, Randeva HS. Diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In: Ajjan R, Orme SM, editors. Endocrinology and Diabetes Springer London; 2015. p. 99\u2013113."},{"issue":"9","key":"1697_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey256","volume":"33","author":"HJ Teede","year":"2018","unstructured":"Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2018;33(9):1602\u201318.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"1697_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1667155","volume":"36","author":"M Gibson-Helm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gibson-Helm M, Dokras A, Karro H, Piltonen T, Teede HJ. Knowledge and practices regarding polycystic ovary syndrome among physicians in Europe, North America, and internationally: an online questionnaire-based study. Semin Reprod Med. 2018;36(1):19\u201327.","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1697_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.04.011","volume":"107","author":"A Dokras","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dokras A, Saini S, Gibson-Helm M, Schulkin J, Cooney L, Teede H. Gaps in knowledge among physicians regarding diagnostic criteria and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2017;107(6):1380\u20131386.e1.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1697_CR23","volume-title":"Endotext [Internet]","author":"I Kyrou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kyrou I, Randeva HS, Tsigos C, Kaltsas G, Weickert MO. Clinical Problems Caused by Obesity. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Perreault L, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Trence DL, Vinik A, Wilson DP, editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth: MDText.com, Inc.; 2018. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK278973\/. Accessed 20 May 2020."},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1003","volume":"33","author":"HS Randeva","year":"2012","unstructured":"Randeva HS, Tan BK, Weickert MO, Lois K, Nestler JE, Sattar N, et al. Cardiometabolic aspects of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2012;33(5):812\u201341.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13392","volume":"87","author":"H Kahal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kahal H, Kyrou I, Tahrani AA, Randeva HS. Obstructive sleep apnoea and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of clinical interactions and underlying pathophysiology. Clin Endocrinol. 2017;87(4):313\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmq001","volume":"16","author":"LJ Moran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moran LJ, Misso ML, Wild RA, Norman RJ. Impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16(4):347\u201363.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy007","volume":"24","author":"N Kakoly","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kakoly N, Khomami M, Joham A, Cooray S, Misso M, Norman R, et al. Ethnicity, obesity and the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in PCOS: a systematic review and meta-regression. Hum Reprod Update. 2018;24(4):455\u201367.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"1697_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Magrone T, Magrone M, Jirillo E. Focus on receptors for coronaviruses with special reference to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a potential drug target-a perspective. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1871530320666200427112902.","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530320666200427112902"},{"issue":"2","key":"1697_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","volume":"181","author":"M Hoffmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, Kr\u00fcger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 2020;181(2):271\u2013280.e8.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127515","volume":"10","author":"P Dalpiaz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dalpiaz P, Lamas A, Caliman I, Ribeiro R Jr, Abreu G, Moyses M, et al. Sex hormones promote opposite effects on ACE and ACE2 activity, hypertrophy and cardiac contractility in spontaneously hypertensive rats. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0127515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0127515.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1697_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goren A, Vano-Galvan S, Wambier CG, McCoy J, Gomez-Zubiaur A, Moreno-Arrones OM, et al. A preliminary observation: male pattern hair loss among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Spain\u2013a potential clue to the role of androgens in COVID-19 severity. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.13443.","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13443"},{"key":"1697_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McCoy J, Wambier CG, Vano-Galvan S, Shapiro J, Sinclair R, M\u00fcller Ramos P, et al. Racial variations in COVID-19 deaths may be due to androgen receptor genetic variants associated with prostate cancer and androgenetic alopecia. Are anti-androgens a potential treatment for COVID-19? J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.13455.","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13455"},{"key":"1697_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wambier CG, Goren A. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is likely to be androgen mediated. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.032.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.032"},{"key":"1697_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wambier CG, Goren A, Va\u00f1o-Galv\u00e1n S, Ramos PM, Ossimetha A, Nau G, et al. Androgen sensitivity gateway to COVID-19 disease severity. Drug Dev Res. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.21688.","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21688"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.01.003","volume":"101","author":"M Quinn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Quinn M, Shinkai K, Pasch L, Kuzmich L, Cedars M, Huddleston H. Prevalence of androgenic alopecia in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and characterization of associated clinical and biochemical features. Fertil Steril. 2014;101(4):1129\u201334.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1697_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.03.003","volume":"126","author":"F Di Guardo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Guardo F, Cerana MC, D'urso G, Genovese F, Palumbo M. Male PCOS equivalent and nutritional restriction: are we stepping forward? Med Hypotheses. 2019;126:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.03.003.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"1697_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942126","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1942126","volume":"2020","author":"R Cannarella","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cannarella R, Condorelli RA, Dall'Oglio F, La Vignera S, Mongio\u00ec LM, Micali G, et al. Increased DHEAS and decreased total testosterone serum levels in a subset of men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia: does a male PCOS-equivalent exist? Int J Endocrinol. 2020;2020:1942126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/1942126 eCollection 2020.","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"1697_CR38","volume-title":"The majority of male patients with COVID-19 present low testosterone levels on admission to Intensive Care in Hamburg, Germany: a retrospective cohort study","author":"M Schroeder","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schroeder M, Tuku B, Jarczak D, Nierhaus A, Bai T, Jacobsen H, et al. The majority of male patients with COVID-19 present low testosterone levels on admission to Intensive Care in Hamburg, Germany: a retrospective cohort study. 2020. Preprint at https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.05.07.20073817v1."},{"issue":"6481","key":"1697_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1126\/science.367.6481.963","volume":"367","author":"K Kupferschmidt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kupferschmidt K. Preprints bring \u2018firehose\u2019 of outbreak data. Science. 2020;367(6481):963\u20134.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1697_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fagone P, Ciurleo R, Lombardo SD, Iacobello C, Palermo CI, Shoenfeld Y, et al. Transcriptional landscape of SARS-CoV-2 infection dismantles pathogenic pathways activated by the virus, proposes unique sex-specific differences and predicts tailored therapeutic strategies. Autoimmun Rev. 2020:102571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102571.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102571"},{"issue":"10229","key":"1697_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30628-0","volume":"395","author":"P Mehta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1033\u20134.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1697_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12863-015-0165-4","volume":"16","author":"R Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo R, Zheng Y, Yang J, Zheng N. Association of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta gene polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. BMC Genet. 2015;16:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12863-015-0165-4.","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"key":"1697_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Che L, Zhang M, He J. Common cytokine polymorphisms and predisposition to polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Endocr J. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1507\/endocrj.EJ19-0558.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ19-0558"},{"key":"1697_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jing Y, Run-Qian L, Hao-Ran W, Hao-Ran C, Ya-Bin L, Yang G, et al. Potential influence of COVID-19\/ACE2 on the female reproductive system. Mol Hum Reprod. 2020:gaaa030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molehr\/gaaa030.","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaaa030"},{"key":"1697_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maddaloni E, Buzzetti R. Covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: unveiling the interaction of two pandemics. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020:e33213321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.3321.","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3321"},{"key":"1697_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15922.2","volume":"5","author":"RW Aldridge","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aldridge RW, Lewer D, Katikireddi SV, Mathur R, Pathak N, Burns R, et al. Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic groups in England are at increased risk of death from COVID-19: indirect standardisation of NHS mortality data. Wellcome Open Res. 2020;5:88 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15922.1.","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"issue":"10234","key":"1697_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30922-3","volume":"395","author":"M Pareek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pareek M, Bangash MN, Pareek N, Pan D, Sze S, Minhas JS, et al. Ethnicity and COVID-19: an urgent public health research priority. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1421\u20132.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1697_CR48","unstructured":"UK Office for National Statistics. Coronavirus (COVID-19) related deaths by ethnic group, England and Wales: 2 March 2020 to 10 April 2020. https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/articles\/coronavirusrelateddeathsbyethnicgroupenglandandwales\/2march2020to10april2020. Accessed 20 May 2020."},{"key":"1697_CR49","unstructured":"Cook T, Kursumovic E, Lennane S. Exclusive: deaths of NHS staff from covid-19 analysed. Health Serv J. 2020; https:\/\/www.hsj.co.uk\/exclusive-deaths-of-nhs-staff-from-covid-19-analysed\/7027471.article. Accessed 20 May 2020."},{"issue":"3279","key":"1697_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-4079(20)30790-9","volume":"246","author":"L Liverpool","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liverpool L. Why are ethnic minorities worse affected? New Sci. 2020;246(3279):11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0262-4079(20)30790-9.","journal-title":"New Sci"},{"issue":"56","key":"1697_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96351","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19180","volume":"8","author":"T Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ding T, Hardiman PJ, Petersen I, Wang FF, Qu F, Baio G. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive-aged women of different ethnicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2017;8(56):96351\u20138.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1348895","volume":"31","author":"S Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang S, Alvero R. Racial and ethnic differences in physiology and clinical symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. Semin Reprod Med. 2013;31(5):365\u20139.","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"1697_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109767","volume":"140","author":"M Silberstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silberstein M. Vitamin D: a simpler alternative to tocilizumab for trial in COVID-19? Med Hypotheses. 2020;140:109767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109767.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"1697_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tian Y, Rong L. Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D. Authors\u2019 reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(10):995\u2013996. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.15764.","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15764"},{"issue":"10","key":"1697_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15752","volume":"51","author":"A Panarese","year":"2020","unstructured":"Panarese A, Shahini E. Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(10):993\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.15752.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1697_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rhodes JM, Subramanian S, Laird E, Kenny RA. Editorial: low population mortality from COVID-19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.15777.","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15777"},{"key":"1697_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marik PE, Kory P, Varon J. Does vitamin D status impact mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection? Med Drug Discov. 2020:100041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medidd.2020.100041.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medidd.2020.100041"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E988","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12040988","volume":"12","author":"WB Grant","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, Baggerly CA, French CB, Aliano JL, et al. Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):E988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12040988.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00138.2020","volume":"318","author":"H Jakovac","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jakovac H. COVID-19 and vitamin D-is there a link and an opportunity for intervention? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020;318(5):E589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00138.2020.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1697_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ilie PC, Stefanescu S, Smith L. The role of vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-020-01570-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-020-01570-8"},{"key":"1697_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garg M, Al-Ani A, Mitchell H, Hendy P, Christensen B. Editorial: low population mortality from COVID-19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North - supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity. Authors\u2019 reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.15796.","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15796"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.04.050","volume":"14","author":"CE Hastie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hastie CE, Mackay DF, Ho F, Celis-Morales CA, Katikireddi SV, Niedzwiedz CL, et al. Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(4):561\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"3","key":"1697_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R101","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0158","volume":"171","author":"G Muscogiuri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muscogiuri G, Mitri J, Mathieu C, Badenhoop K, Tamer G, Orio F, et al. Mechanisms in endocrinology: vitamin D as a potential contributor in endocrine health and disease. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;171(3):R101\u201310.","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1697_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13250","volume":"43","author":"GV Reis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reis GV, Gontijo NA, Rodrigues KF, Alves MT, Ferreira CN, Gomes KB. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and the polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43(3):436\u201346.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1697_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-103573","volume":"49","author":"M Azadi-Yazdi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azadi-Yazdi M, Nadjarzadeh A, Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Salehi-Abargouei A. The effect of Vitamin D supplementation on the androgenic profile in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Horm Metab Res. 2017;49(3):174\u20139.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1697_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-101355","volume":"50","author":"M Akbari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akbari M, Ostadmohammadi V, Lankarani KB, Tabrizi R, Kolahdooz F, Heydari ST, et al. The effects of Vitamin D supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Horm Metab Res. 2018;50(4):271\u20139.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"1697_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4318-z","volume":"60","author":"CJ Bailey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bailey CJ. Metformin: historical overview. Diabetologia. 2017;60(9):1566\u201376.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"1697_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108183","volume":"164","author":"S Sharma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sharma S, Ray A, Sadasivam B. Metformin in COVID-19: a possible role beyond diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;164:108183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108183.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"1697_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Rubino F, Khunti K, Mingrone G, Hopkins D, Birkenfeld AL, et al. Practical recommendations for the management of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30152-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30152-2"},{"key":"1697_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rayman G, Lumb A, Kennon B, Cottrell C, Nagi D, Page E, et al. Guidelines for the management of diabetes services and patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Diabet Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.14316.","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14316"},{"issue":"3","key":"1697_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bnaa011","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa011","volume":"41","author":"DJ Drucker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Drucker DJ. Coronavirus infections and type 2 diabetes\u2014shared pathways with therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev. 2020;41(3):bnaa011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa011.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"1697_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108393","volume":"214","author":"W Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Wang Q, Li T, Liu Z, et al. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of people with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the experience of clinical immunologists from China. Clin Immunol. 2020;214:108393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108393.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dgaa148","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa148","volume":"105","author":"UB Kaiser","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaiser UB, Mirmira RG, Stewart PM. Our response to COVID-19 as endocrinologists and diabetologists. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(5):dgaa148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa148.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1697_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reynolds HR, Adhikari S, Pulgarin C, Troxel AB, Iturrate E, Johnson SB, et al. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2008975.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2008975"},{"key":"1697_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sriram K, Insel PA. Risks of ACE inhibitor and ARB usage in COVID-19: evaluating the evidence. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.1863.","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1863"},{"key":"1697_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mancia G, Rea F, Ludergnani M, Apolone G, Corrao G. Renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system blockers and the risk of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2006923.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2006923"},{"key":"1697_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang P, Zhu L, Cai J, Lei F, Qin J-J, Xie J, et al. Association of inpatient use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with mortality among patients with hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19. Circ Res. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317134.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317134"},{"key":"1697_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mehta N, Kalra A, Nowacki AS, Anjewierden S, Han Z, Bhat P, et al. Association of use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1855.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1855"},{"key":"1697_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sama IE, Ravera A, Santema BT, van Goor H, ter Maaten JM, Cleland J, et al. Circulating plasma concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in men and women with heart failure and effects of renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone inhibitors. Eur Heart J. 2020:ehaa373 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa373.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa373"},{"key":"1697_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kahal H, Kyrou I, Uthman O, Brown A, Johnson S, Wall P, et al. The association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic abnormalities in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep. 2018;41(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsy085.","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy085"},{"issue":"1","key":"1697_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01835-1","volume":"24","author":"H Kahal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kahal H, Kyrou I, Uthman OA, Brown A, Johnson S, Wall PDH, et al. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Breath. 2020;24(1):339\u201350.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1697_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lance C. PAP therapy increases the risk of transmission of COVID-19. Cleve Clin J Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3949\/ccjm.87a.ccc003.","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.87a.ccc003"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-214913","volume":"75","author":"JG Baker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baker JG, Sovani M. Case for continuing community NIV and CPAP during the COVID-19 epidemic. Thorax. 2020;75(5):368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-214913.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-214890","volume":"75","author":"J Barker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barker J, Oyefeso O, Koeckerling D, Mudalige NL, Pan D. COVID-19: community CPAP and NIV should be stopped unless medically necessary to support life. Thorax. 2020;75(5):367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-214890.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"1697_CR85","volume-title":"British Thoracic Society. Guidance regarding coronavirus (COVID-19) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): for people who routinely use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), their families and health care workers","author":"S Craig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Craig S, West S. British Thoracic Society. Guidance regarding coronavirus (COVID-19) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): for people who routinely use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), their families and health care workers, 2020. https:\/\/www.brit-thoracic.org.uk\/media\/455098\/osa-alliance-cpap-covid-19-advice-20-3-20-v10.pdf. Accessed 20 May 2020."},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12558","volume":"121","author":"KV Naver","year":"2014","unstructured":"Naver KV, Grinsted J, Larsen SO, Hedley PL, J\u00f8rgensen FS, Christiansen M, et al. Increased risk of preterm delivery and pre-eclampsia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenaemia. BJOG. 2014;121(5):575\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.12558.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"5","key":"1697_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12829","volume":"20","author":"M Bahri Khomami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bahri Khomami M, Joham AE, Boyle JA, Piltonen T, Silagy M, Arora C, et al. Increased maternal pregnancy complications in polycystic ovary syndrome appear to be independent of obesity-a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Obes Rev. 2019;20(5):659\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.12829.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"51","key":"1697_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004863","volume":"95","author":"HF Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu HF, Chen HS, Rao DP, Gong J. Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of pregnancy complications: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(51):e4863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000004863.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1697_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mills G, Badeghiesh A, Suarthana E, Baghlaf H, Dahan MH. Polycystic ovary syndrome as an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a population-based study on 9.1 million pregnancies. Hum Reprod. 2020:deaa099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deaa099.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa099"},{"key":"1697_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matar R, Alrahmani L, Monzer N, Debiane LG, Berbari E, Fares J, et al. Clinical presentation and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2020:ciaa828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa828.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa828"},{"key":"1697_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Serafini G, Parmigiani B, Amerio A, Aguglia A, Sher L, Amore M. The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population. QJM. 2020:hcaa201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa201.","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa201"},{"key":"1697_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.06.027","volume":"194","author":"A Fletcher-Sandersj\u00f6\u00f6","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fletcher-Sandersj\u00f6\u00f6 A, Bellander BM. Is COVID-19 associated thrombosis caused by overactivation of the complement cascade? A literature review. Thromb Res. 2020;194:36\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.06.027.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"1697_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.05.039","volume":"192","author":"F Al-Ani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Ani F, Chehade S, Lazo-Langner A. Thrombosis risk associated with COVID-19 infection. A scoping review. Thromb Res. 2020;192:152\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.05.039.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"1697_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2019.11.019","volume":"185","author":"K Gariani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gariani K, Hugon-Rodin J, Philippe J, Righini M, Blondon M. Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Res. 2020;185:102\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2019.11.019.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1697_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02349-7","volume":"68","author":"LM Mongio\u00ec","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mongio\u00ec LM, Barbagallo F, Condorelli RA, Cannarella R, Aversa A, La Vignera S, et al. Possible long-term endocrine-metabolic complications in COVID-19: lesson from the SARS model. Endocrine. 2020;68(3):467\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-020-02349-7.","journal-title":"Endocrine"}],"container-title":["BMC Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T02:52:29Z","timestamp":1723258349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01697-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-7015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-7015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"220"}}