{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T16:28:39Z","timestamp":1759422519369,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021078","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021078","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has been associated with both side effects and a reduction in COVID-related complaints due to the decrease in COVID-19 incidence. We aimed to investigate if individuals who received three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines had a lower incidence of (a) medical complaints and (b) COVID-19-related medical complaints, both as seen in primary care, when compared to individuals who received two doses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted a daily longitudinal exact one-to-one matching study based on a set of covariates. We obtained a matched sample of 315,650 individuals aged 18\u201370\u00a0years who received the 3rd dose at 20\u201330\u00a0weeks after the 2nd dose and an equally large control group who did not. Outcome variables were diagnostic codes as reported by general practitioners or emergency wards, both alone and in combination with diagnostic codes of confirmed COVID-19. For each outcome, we estimated cumulative incidence functions with hospitalization and death as competing events.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found that the number of medical complaints was lower in individuals aged 18\u201344\u00a0years who received three doses compared to those who received two doses. The differences in estimates per 100,000 vaccinated were as follows: fatigue 458 less (95% confidence interval: 355\u2013539), musculoskeletal pain 171 less (48\u2013292), cough 118 less (65\u2013173), heart palpitations 57 less (22\u201398), shortness of breath 118 less (81\u2013149), and brain fog 31 less (8\u201355). We also found a lower number of COVID-19-related medical complaints: per 100,000 individuals aged 18\u201344\u00a0years vaccinated with three doses, there were 102 (76\u2013125) fewer individuals with fatigue, 32 (18\u201345) fewer with musculoskeletal pain, 30 (14\u201345) fewer with cough, and 36 (22\u201348) fewer with shortness of breath. There were no or fewer differences in heart palpitations (8 (1\u201316)) or brain fog (0 (\u2212\u20091\u20138)). We observed similar results, though more uncertain, for individuals aged 45\u201370\u00a0years, both for medical complaints and for medical complaints that were COVID-19 related.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings suggest that a 3rd dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine administered 20\u201330\u00a0weeks after the 2nd dose may reduce the incidence of medical complaints. It may also reduce the COVID-19-related burden on primary healthcare services.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02870-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T15:03:03Z","timestamp":1682521383000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Third dose mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 reduces medical complaints seen in primary care: a matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7091-0806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik","family":"Methi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon Michael","family":"Gran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Valberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas Minet","family":"Kinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjetil","family":"Telle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Magnusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2870_CR1","volume-title":"COVID-19: long-term symptoms after COVID-19 [Langvarige symptomer etter covid-19. 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The data sources (The emergency preparedness register for COVID-19 (Beredt C19)) and methods used were regarded by the ethical committee to respond to research aims <i>not<\/i> falling within the Law of Health Research \u00a7\u00a7 2 and 4a. Their resolution was also based on the fact that the data sources were established and handled in accordance with the Health Preparedness Act \u00a72-4 (11), enabling a quick and responsive way for the Norwegian government to access knowledge of how to handle the pandemic. No informed consent from participants was required since our study was based on routinely collected register data covering the entire Norwegian population. Data from the different registers included in the study were linked by the responsible researchers using an encrypted personal ID-variable. The researchers responsible for the data linkage and analyses had no access to the unencrypted ID-numbers. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. To protect participants\u2019 privacy and security of personal data, all data were handled under strict confidentiality and access control as described in the Norwegian Institute of Public Health\u2019s internal documentation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"157"}}