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This study aimed to assess the efficacy of HCLs at 12\u00a0months post-initiation on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), time-in-range (TIR), hypoglycaemia frequency, and quality of life measures among children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and their caregivers in a real-world setting. Conducted between August 1, 2021, and December 10, 2022, the prospective recruitment took place in eight paediatric diabetes centres across England under the National Health Service England\u2019s (NHSE) HCL pilot real-world study. A cohort of 251 CYP (58% males, mean age 12.3\u00a0years) with T1DM participated (89% white, 3% Asian, 4% black, 3% mixed ethnicity, and 1% other). The study utilised three HCL systems: (1) Tandem Control-IQ AP system, which uses the Tandem t:slim X2 insulin pump (Tandem Diabetes Care, San Diego, CA, USA) with the Dexcom G6\u00ae CGM (Dexcom, San Diego, CA, USA) sensor; (2) Medtronic MiniMed\u2122 780G with the Guardian 4 sensor (Medtronic, Northridge, CA, USA); and (3) the CamAPS FX (CamDiab, Cambridge, UK) with the Ypsomed insulin pump (Ypsomed Ltd, Escrick, UK) and Dexcom G6\u00ae CGM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    All systems were fully funded by the NHS. Results demonstrated significant improvements in HbA1c (average reduction at 12\u00a0months 7\u00a0mmol\/mol;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), time-in-range (TIR) (average increase 13.4%;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), hypoglycaemia frequency (50% reduction), hypoglycaemia fear, and quality of sleep (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) among CYP over a 12-month period of HCL usage. Additionally, parents and carers experienced improvements in hypoglycaemia fear and quality of sleep after 6 and 12\u00a0months of use. In addition to the improvements in glycaemic management, these findings underscore the positive impact of HCL systems on both the well-being of CYP with T1DM and the individuals caring for them.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03396-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T12:03:02Z","timestamp":1713960182000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Long-term assessment of the NHS hybrid closed-loop real-world study on glycaemic outcomes, time-in-range, and quality of life in children and young people with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3449-0541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sze May","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0524-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil P.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Yardley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7618-6759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tabitha","family":"Randell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5991-2691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Trevelyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atrayee","family":"Ghatak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2490-8518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C.","family":"Hindmarsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"377","key":"3396_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-070530","volume":"4","author":"SM Ng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ng SM, Corbett T, Doble E, Brooks A, Kar P. 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