{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:18:06Z","timestamp":1793881086164,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412035200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,29]],"date-time":"2014-09-29T15:01:28Z","timestamp":1412002888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["First report of Toxoplasma gondii in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Ethiopia: bioassay and seroepidemiological investigation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Endrias Zewdu","family":"Gebremedhin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasen Awel","family":"Yunus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gebregergs","family":"Tesfamaryam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tesfaye Sisay","family":"Tessema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fufa","family":"Dawo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getachew","family":"Terefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"222_CR1","volume-title":"Agricultural Sample Survey. Report on livestock and livestock characteristics of private and peasant holdings. Vol. II, Statistical Bulletin 446. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Central Statistical Agency, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia","author":"CSA (Central Statistics Agency)","year":"2009","unstructured":"CSA (Central Statistics Agency): Agricultural Sample Survey. Report on livestock and livestock characteristics of private and peasant holdings. Vol. II, Statistical Bulletin 446. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Central Statistical Agency, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; 2009"},{"key":"222_CR2","volume-title":"Animal Census Report, Rep. Vol. 5. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ministry of Agriculture, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia","author":"MOA (Ministry of Agriculture)","year":"2000","unstructured":"MOA (Ministry of Agriculture): Animal Census Report, Rep. Vol. 5. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ministry of Agriculture, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; 2000."},{"key":"222_CR3","volume-title":"Production Yearbook, Vol. 56. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","author":"FAO","year":"2002","unstructured":"FAO: Production Yearbook, Vol. 56. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2002."},{"key":"222_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.29.3.1998","volume":"29","author":"F Dawo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dawo F: Mysterious mortality in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Borana, Ethiopia: evidence of its association with reproductive age groups. Rev Sci Tech. 2010, 29: 621-628.","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"222_CR5","volume-title":"An epidemiological study of major camel diseases in the Boran lowland, southern Ethiopia. DCG report No. 58","author":"B Megersa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Megersa B: An epidemiological study of major camel diseases in the Boran lowland, southern Ethiopia. DCG report No. 58. Drylands Coordination Group, Oslo, Norway:20140"},{"key":"222_CR6","first-page":"317","volume":"1","author":"HR Parsani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Parsani HR, Singh V, Momin RR: Common parasitic diseases of camel. Vet World. 2008, 1: 317-318.","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"222_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(02)00349-1","volume":"5","author":"JC Boothroyd","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boothroyd JC, Grigg ME: Population biology of Toxoplasma gondii and its relevance to human infection. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2002, 5: 438-442. 10.1016\/S1369-5274(02)00349-1.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"222_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90158-6","volume":"43","author":"EA Elamin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Elamin EA, Elias S, Daugschies A, Rommel M: Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pastoral camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Butana plains, mid-eastern Sudan. Vet Parasitol. 1992, 43: 171-175. 10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90158-6.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"222_CR9","first-page":"837","volume":"2008","author":"RM Shaapan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaapan RM, Fathia Khalil AM: Evaluation of different Toxoplasma gondii isolates as antigens used in the modified agglutination test for the detection of toxoplasmosis in camels and donkeys. Am-Eurasian J Agr Environ Sci. 2008, 2008 (3): 837-841.","journal-title":"Am-Eurasian J Agr Environ Sci"},{"key":"222_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2012.1311","volume":"10","author":"FS Dehkordi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dehkordi FS, Rahimi E, Abdizadih R: Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in raw caprine, ovine, buffalo, bovine, and camel milk using cell cultivation, cat bioassay, capture ELISA, and PCR methods in Iran. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013, 10: 120-125. 10.1089\/fpd.2012.1311.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"issue":"67","key":"222_CR11","first-page":"106","volume":"2012","author":"AE Utuk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Utuk AE, Kirbas A, Babur C, Balkaya I: Detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and some helminthic parasites in camels from Nevsehir province of Turkey. Isr J Vet Med. 2012, 2012 (67): 106-108.","journal-title":"Isr J Vet Med"},{"key":"222_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X","volume":"363","author":"JG Montoya","year":"2004","unstructured":"Montoya JG, Liesenfeld O: Toxoplasmosis. Lancet. 2004, 363: 1965-1976. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"222_CR13","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida: 2010."},{"key":"222_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1350-z","volume":"104","author":"MH Elsheikha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Elsheikha MH, Azab SM, Abousamra KN, Rahbar HM, Elghannam MD, Raafat D: Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies among asymptomatic blood donors in Egypt. J Parasitol. 2009, 104: 1471-1476. 10.1007\/s00436-009-1350-z.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2007.01.011","volume":"12","author":"E Petersen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Petersen E: Toxoplasmosis. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007, 12: 214-223. 10.1016\/j.siny.2007.01.011.","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"222_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(94)00727-T","volume":"58","author":"M Hilali","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hilali M, Fatani A, Al-Atiya S: Isolation of tissue cysts of Toxoplasma, Isospora, Hammondia and Sarcocystis (Camelus dromedarius) from camel meat in Saudi Arabia. Vet Parasitol. 1995, 58: 353-356. 10.1016\/0304-4017(94)00727-T.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR17","first-page":"518","volume":"7","author":"S Muksin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muksin S, Hailu D, Moti Y: Infection rates, cyst fertility and larval viability of hydatid disease in camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Borena, Kereyu and Harar Ethiopia. Global Veterinaria. 2011, 7: 518-522.","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"222_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-337","volume":"12","author":"E Zemene","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zemene E, Delenasaw Y, Solomon A, Tariku B, Abdi S, Ahmed Z: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2012, 12: 337-243. 10.1186\/1471-2334-12-337.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"222_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-101","volume":"13","author":"EZ Gebremedhin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gebremedhin EZ, Abebe AH, Tessema TS, Tullu KD, Medhin G, Vitale M, Di Marco V, Cox E, Dorny P: Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women of child-bearing age in central Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2013, 13: 101-110. 10.1186\/1471-2334-13-101.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"222_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-15","volume":"6","author":"F Walle","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walle F, Nigatu K, Aster T, Tesfu K: Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. Parasites Vectors. 2013, 6: 15-23. 10.1186\/1756-3305-6-15.","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"222_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346069","volume":"13","author":"T Bekele","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bekele T, Kasali OB: Toxoplasmosis in sheep, goats and cattle in central Ethiopia. Vet Res Commun. 1989, 13: 371-375. 10.1007\/BF00346069.","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun"},{"key":"222_CR22","first-page":"486","volume":"155","author":"T Negash","year":"2004","unstructured":"Negash T, Tilahun G, Patton S, Pr\u00e9vot F, Dorchies P: Serological survey on Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats in Nazareth, Ethiopia. Rev M\u00e9d V\u00e9t. 2004, 155: 486-487.","journal-title":"Rev M\u00e9d V\u00e9t"},{"key":"222_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-9-117","volume":"9","author":"EZ Gebremedhin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gebremedhin EZ, Agonafir A, Tessema TS, Tilahun G, Medhin G, Vitale M, Di Marco V, Cox E, Vercruysse J, Dorny P: Seroepidemiological study of ovine toxoplasmosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia. BMC Vet Res. 2013, 9: 117-10.1186\/1746-6148-9-117.","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"222_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2007142155","volume":"14","author":"S Teshale","year":"2007","unstructured":"Teshale S, Dumetre A, Darde ML, Merga B, Dorchies P: Serological survey of toxoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Prevalence and risk factors. Parasite. 2007, 14: 155-159. 10.1051\/parasite\/2007142155.","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"222_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2012.07.020","volume":"94","author":"E Zewdu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zewdu E, Agonafir A, Tessema TS, Tilahun G, Medhin G, Vitale M, Di Marco V, Cox E, Vercruysse J, Dorny P: Seroepidemiological study of caprine toxoplasmosis in East and West Shewa Zones, Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia. Res Vet Sci. 2013, 94: 43-48. 10.1016\/j.rvsc.2012.07.020.","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"222_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1645\/12-25.1","volume":"99","author":"G Tilahun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tilahun G, Tiao N, Ferreira LR, Oliveira S, Verma SK, Kwok OCH, Molla B, Saville WJA, Medhin G, Kassa T, Aleme H, Gebreyes WA, Dubey JP: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii from free-range chicken (Gallus domesticus) from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. J Parasitol. 2013, 99: 740-741. 10.1645\/12-25.1.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812001707","volume":"141","author":"N Tiao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tiao N, Darrington C, Molla B, Saville WJA, Tilahun G, Kwok OCH, Gebreyes WA, Lappin MR, Jones JL, Dubey JP: An investigation into the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Bartonella spp. feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukemia virus (FelV) cats from Addis Ababa. Epidemiol Infect. 2013, 141: 1029-1033. 10.1017\/S0950268812001707.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"222_CR28","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Socio- Economic on East Shewa Zone. Oromia Regional State","author":"ESZPEDO (East Shoa Zone Plan and Economic Development Office)","year":"2011","unstructured":"ESZPEDO (East Shoa Zone Plan and Economic Development Office): Socio- Economic on East Shewa Zone. Oromia Regional State: 2011:1-105."},{"key":"222_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2174\/1874318801004010041","volume":"4","author":"MA Ameen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ameen MA, Ahmed MA: Paratuberculosis in Camel (Camelus dromedarius): The diagnostic efficiency of ELISA and PCR. Open Vet Sci J. 2010, 4: 41-44. 10.2174\/1874318801004010041.","journal-title":"Open Vet Sci J"},{"key":"222_CR30","volume-title":"Determined by Dentition. Central Australian Camel Industry Association Inc (CACIA), Accessed on October 9, 2012","author":"Camels Australia Export, Age","year":"2012","unstructured":"Camels Australia Export, Age: Determined by Dentition. Central Australian Camel Industry Association Inc (CACIA), Accessed on October 9, 2012., [ http:\/\/www.Camelsaust.com ]"},{"key":"222_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2011.1177.1183","volume":"10","author":"M Omer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Omer M, Bekele M, Rahmeto A, Mesele A, Alemayehu R, Yunus A, Solomon M: Seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels in and around Dire Dawa city, Eastern Ethiopia. J Anim Vet Adv. 2011, 10: 1177-1183. 10.3923\/javaa.2011.1177.1183.","journal-title":"J Anim Vet Adv"},{"key":"222_CR32","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiology","author":"M Thrusfield","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thrusfield M: Veterinary Epidemiology. Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford, UK: 2007."},{"key":"222_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.09.004","volume":"38","author":"HF Pena","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pena HF, Gennari SM, Dubey JP, Su C: Population structure and mouse virulence of Toxoplasma gondii in Brazil. Int J Parasitol. 2008, 38: 561-569. 10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.09.004.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2011.10.010","volume":"88","author":"H Fritz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fritz H, Bar B, Packham A, Melli A, Conrad PA: Methods to produce and safely work with large number of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst and bradyzoite cyst. J Microbiol Method. 2012, 88: 47-52. 10.1016\/j.mimet.2011.10.010.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Method"},{"key":"222_CR35","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiologic Research","author":"I Dohoo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhn H: Veterinary Epidemiologic Research. AVS Inc, Canada: 2003."},{"key":"222_CR36","first-page":"611","volume":"81","author":"T Kassa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kassa T, Equale T, Chaka H: Prevalence of camel trypanosomosis and its vectors in Fentale district, South East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Vet Arhiv. 2011, 81: 611-621.","journal-title":"Vet Arhiv"},{"key":"222_CR37","volume-title":"Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats","author":"OM Radostits","year":"2006","unstructured":"Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD: Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. Saunders, London: 2006."},{"key":"222_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200033","volume":"104","author":"AM Tenter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tenter AM: Toxoplasma gondii in animals used for human consumption. Mem Inst Oswald Cruz. 2009, 104: 364-369. 10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200033.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswald Cruz"},{"key":"222_CR39","first-page":"10","volume":"3","author":"YI Manal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manal YI, Maijid AM: Association of diarrhea with congenital toxoplasmosis in calf-camel (Camelus dromedarius). Int J Trop Med. 2008, 3: 10-11.","journal-title":"Int J Trop Med"},{"key":"222_CR40","first-page":"319","volume":"53","author":"AA Derbala","year":"1993","unstructured":"Derbala AA, Zayed AA, Tawfik MA: Prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies in serum of cattle and camels. J Egypt Vet Med Assoc. 1993, 53: 319-324.","journal-title":"J Egypt Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"222_CR41","first-page":"193","volume":"9","author":"MA Rifaat","year":"1979","unstructured":"Rifaat MA, Morsy TA, Sadek MS, Azab ME, Khaled MLM, Safar EH: Incidence of toxoplasmosis among farm and slaughtered animals in coastal zone of Egypt. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1979, 9: 193-197.","journal-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR42","first-page":"245","volume":"41","author":"AD Al-Anazi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Al-Anazi AD: Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera from camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2011, 41: 245-250.","journal-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(88)90030-1","volume":"28","author":"MF Hussein","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hussein MF, Bakkar MN, Basmaeil SM, Garelnabi AR: Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Saudi Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius). Vet Parasitol. 1988, 28: 175-178. 10.1016\/0304-4017(88)90030-1.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.12816\/0006349","volume":"42","author":"AD Al-Anazi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Al-Anazi AD: Antibodies in sera from camels in western and southern region of central province, Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2012, 42: 659-664.","journal-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR45","first-page":"36","volume":"3","author":"MK Khalil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khalil MK, Elrayah IE: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in farm animals (camels, cattle, and sheep) in Sudan. J Med Anim Health. 2011, 3: 36-39.","journal-title":"J Med Anim Health"},{"key":"222_CR46","first-page":"247","volume":"32","author":"YA Abu-Zeid","year":"2002","unstructured":"Abu-Zeid YA: Protein G ELISA for detection of antibodies against Toxoplasma SAG1 in dromedaries. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2002, 32: 247-257.","journal-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00181-7","volume":"75","author":"M Hilali","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hilali M, Romand S, Thulliez P, Kwok OCH, Dubey JP: Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera from camels from Egypt. Vet Parasitol. 1998, 75: 269-271. 10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00181-7.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR48","first-page":"24","volume":"04","author":"Y Abu-Zeid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abu-Zeid Y, Enan M, Ahmed A, Shaheen H, Ramadan G, Al Shamsi U, Al Tayyari W: Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from camels from Abu Dhabi. The 6th Annual U.A.E. University Research Conference, 04\/2005; 2006:24-26.","journal-title":"University Research Conference, 2005"},{"key":"222_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.007","volume":"38","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Jones JL: Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in the United States. Int J Parasitol. 2008, 38: 1257-1278. 10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.007.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR50","first-page":"527","volume":"160","author":"AC Carneiro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carneiro AC, Carneiro M, Gouveia AM, Vilas-boas LS, Vitor RW: Seroprevalence and risk factors of sheep toxoplasmosis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev M\u00e9d V\u00e9t. 2009, 160: 527-531.","journal-title":"Rev M\u00e9d V\u00e9t"},{"key":"222_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.01.019","volume":"161","author":"S Villari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Villari S, Vesco G, Petersen E, Crispo A, Buffolano W: Risk factors for toxoplasmosis in pigs bred in Sicily, Southern Italy. Vet Parasitol. 2009, 161: 1-8. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.01.019.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-36.2.219","volume":"36","author":"L Randall","year":"2000","unstructured":"Randall L, Zarnke S, Dubey JP, Kwok OCH, Ver Hoef JM: Seroprevalence for T. gondii in selected wild species from Alaska. J Wildl Dis. 2000, 36: 219-224. 10.7589\/0090-3558-36.2.219.","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"222_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.08.048","volume":"150","author":"E Serrano-Martinez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Serrano-Martinez E, Collantes-Fernandez E, Chavez-Velasquez A, Rodriguez-Bertos A, Casas-Astos E, Risco-Castillo V, Rosadio-Alcantara R, Ortega-Mora LM: Evaluation of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in alpaca (Vicugna pacos) and llama (Lama glama) aborted foetuses from Peru. Vet Parasitol. 2007, 150: 39-45. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.08.048.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.02.347","volume":"196","author":"WA Hagemoser","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hagemoser WA, Dubey JP, Thompson JR: Acute toxoplasmosis in a camel. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990, 196: 347-347.","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"222_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.09.028","volume":"192","author":"H Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang H, Wang YH, Zhand DL: Toxoplasma gondii infection in Bacterian camel (Camelus Bactrianus) in China. Vet Parasitol. 2013, 192: 288-289. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.09.028.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1854.1","volume":"95","author":"AM Ragoz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ragoz AM, Yai LE, Oliveira LN, Dias RA, Goncalves HC, Azevedo SS, Dubey JP, Gennri SM: Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from goats from Brazil. J Parasitol. 2009, 95: 323-326. 10.1645\/GE-1854.1.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7","volume":"30","author":"AM Tenter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tenter AM, Heckerotha AR, Weiss LM: Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol. 2000, 30: 1217-1258. 10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00016-2","volume":"71","author":"JP Dubey","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Validation of the specificity of the modified agglutination test for toxoplasmosis in pigs. Vet Parasitol. 1997, 71: 307-310. 10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00016-2.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.02.016","volume":"153","author":"RM Shaapan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaapan RM, EL-Nawawi FA, Tawfik MA: Sensitivity and specificity of various serological tests for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in naturally infected sheep. Vet Parasitol. 2008, 153: 359-362. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.02.016.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.05.018","volume":"148","author":"RC Mainar-Jaime","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mainar-Jaime RC, Barber\u00e1n M: Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the modified agglutination test (MAT) and an indirect ELISA for the detection of serum antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in sheep through Bayesian approaches. Vet Parasitol. 2007, 148: 122-129. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.05.018.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR61","first-page":"89","volume":"7","author":"C Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu C, Cui LL, Zhang LS: Comparison of a commercial ELISA with the modified agglutination test for detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of naturally infected dogs and cats. Iranian J Parasitol. 2012, 7: 89-95.","journal-title":"Iranian J Parasitol"},{"key":"222_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2007.01032.x","volume":"54","author":"I Klun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Klun I, Djurkovic-Djakovic O, Thulliez P: Comparison of a commercial ELISA with the Modified Agglutination Test for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in naturally exposed sheep. Zoonoses Public Health. 2007, 54: 165-168. 10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2007.01032.x.","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"222_CR63","first-page":"447","volume":"52","author":"M Paul","year":"1998","unstructured":"Paul M: Potential risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in cases with recently acquired toxoplasmosis. Przegl Epidemiol. 1998, 52: 447-454.","journal-title":"Przegl Epidemiol"},{"key":"222_CR64","first-page":"456","volume":"5","author":"YI Manal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Manal YI, Magzoub E, Majid M: Detection of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in the milk of experimentally infected lactating She-Camels. J Anim Vet Adv. 2006, 5: 456-458.","journal-title":"J Anim Vet Adv"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T04:39:00Z","timestamp":1717389540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["222"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0222-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"article-number":"222"}}