{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:44:42Z","timestamp":1790833482361,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]],"date-time":"2014-12-15T11:26:13Z","timestamp":1418642773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Parasite distribution and associated immune response during the acute phase of Toxoplasma gondiiinfection in sheep"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Delfien","family":"Verhelst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"De Craeye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Entrican","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Dorny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"293_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0795","volume":"8","author":"BT Cenci-Goga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cenci-Goga BT, Rossitto PV, Sechi P, McCrindle CM, Cullor JS: Toxoplasma in animals, food, and humans: an old parasite of new concern. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011, 8: 751-762. 10.1089\/fpd.2010.0795.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"293_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.07.003","volume":"149","author":"D Buxton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buxton D, Maley SW, Wright SE, Rodger S, Bartley P, Innes EA: Toxoplasma gondii and ovine toxoplasmosis: new aspects of an old story. Vet Parasitol. 2007, 149: 25-28. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.07.003.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA, 2007. Scientific opinion of the panel on Biological Hazards and Animal Health Animal Welfare on a request from the European Food Safety Authority (self mandate) to issue a scientific opinion on the review of the Community Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Antimicrobial Resistance in the European Union in 2005. EFSA J 1\u201332 ( http:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/scdocs\/doc\/600.pdf ).","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2007.600"},{"key":"293_CR4","volume-title":"Veterinary Investigation Surveillance Report","author":"VIDA","year":"2009","unstructured":"VIDA: Veterinary Investigation Surveillance Report. 2009"},{"key":"293_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7254.142","volume":"321","author":"AJ Cook","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cook AJ, Gilbert RE, Buffolano W, Zufferey J, Petersen E, Jenum PA, Foulon W, Semprini AE, Dunn DT: Sources of toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: European multicentre case\u2013control study. European Research Network on Congenital Toxoplasmosis. BMJ. 2000, 321: 142-147. 10.1136\/bmj.321.7254.142.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"293_CR6","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man","author":"JP Dubey","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Beattie CP: Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man. 1988, CRC Press, Inc, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"},{"key":"293_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200018","volume":"104","author":"EA Innes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Innes EA, Bartley PM, Maley S, Katzer F, Buxton D: Veterinary vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009, 104: 246-251. 10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200018.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"293_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9571(96)00039-2","volume":"20","author":"I Esteban-Redondo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Esteban-Redondo I, Innes EA: Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997, 20: 191-196. 10.1016\/S0147-9571(96)00039-2.","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"293_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.04.003","volume":"39","author":"G Pappas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pappas G, Roussos N, Falagas ME: Toxoplasmosis snapshots: global status of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence and implications for pregnancy and congenital toxoplasmosis. Int J Parasitol. 2009, 39: 1385-1394. 10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.04.003.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR10","first-page":"768","volume":"159","author":"SM Rodger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rodger SM, Maley SW, Wright SE, Mackellar A, Wesley F, Sales J, Buxton D: Role of endogenous transplacental transmission in toxoplasmosis in sheep. Vet Rec. 2006, 159: 768-772.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"293_CR11","first-page":"289","volume":"29","author":"D Buxton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Buxton D: Protozoan infections (Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis spp.) in sheep and goats: recent advances. Vet Res. 1998, 29: 289-310.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"293_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182005007614","volume":"131","author":"EK Morley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Morley EK, Williams RH, Hughes JM, Terry RS, Duncanson P, Smith JE, Hide G: Significant familial differences in the frequency of abortion and Toxoplasma gondii infection within a flock of Charollais sheep. Parasitology. 2005, 131: 181-185. 10.1017\/S0031182005007614.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"293_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003721","volume":"135","author":"EK Morley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morley EK, Williams RH, Hughes JM, Thomasson D, Terry RS, Duncanson P, Smith JE, Hide G: Evidence that primary infection of Charollais sheep with Toxoplasma gondii may not prevent foetal infection and abortion in subsequent lambings. Parasitology. 2008, 135: 169-173. 10.1017\/S0031182007003721.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"293_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.02.026","volume":"163","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Toxoplasmosis in sheep\u2013the last 20\u00a0years. Vet Parasitol. 2009, 163: 1-14. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.02.026.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004006614","volume":"130","author":"RH Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams RH, Morley EK, Hughes JM, Duncanson P, Terry RS, Smith JE, Hide G: High levels of congenital transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies on sheep farms provides evidence of vertical transmission in ovine hosts. Parasitology. 2005, 130: 301-307. 10.1017\/S0031182004006614.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"293_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991636","volume":"136","author":"EA Innes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Innes EA, Bartley PM, Buxton D, Katzer F: Ovine toxoplasmosis. Parasitology. 2009, 136: 1887-1894. 10.1017\/S0031182009991636.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"293_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(05)80074-X","volume":"113","author":"EA Innes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Innes EA, Panton WR, Thomson KM, Maley S, Buxton D: Kinetics of interferon gamma production in vivo during infection with the S48 vaccine strain of Toxoplasma gondii. J Comp Pathol. 1995, 113: 89-94. 10.1016\/S0021-9975(05)80074-X.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"293_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001855","volume":"133","author":"EA Innes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Innes EA, Vermeulen AN: Vaccination as a control strategy against the coccidial parasites Eimeria, toxoplasma and neospora. Parasitology. 2006, 133 (Suppl): S145-S168. 10.1017\/S0031182006001855.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"293_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.111.9.175","volume":"111","author":"DA Blewett","year":"1982","unstructured":"Blewett DA, Miller JK, Buxton D: Response of immune and susceptible ewes to infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Vet Rec. 1982, 111: 175-178. 10.1136\/vr.111.9.175.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"293_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)30342-1","volume":"139","author":"DA Blewett","year":"1983","unstructured":"Blewett DA, Watson WA: The epidemiology of ovine toxoplasmosis. II. possible sources of infection in outbreaks of clinical disease. Br Vet J. 1983, 139: 546-555.","journal-title":"Br Vet J"},{"key":"293_CR21","first-page":"219","volume":"49","author":"D Buxton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buxton D, Maley SW, Wright SE, Rodger S, Bartley P, Innes EA: Ovine toxoplasmosis: transmission, clinical outcome and control. Parassitologia. 2007, 49: 219-221.","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"293_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01878489","volume":"7","author":"CA Hunter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hunter CA, Subauste CS, Remington JS: The role of cytokines in toxoplasmosis. Biotherapy. 1994, 7: 237-247. 10.1007\/BF01878489.","journal-title":"Biotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"293_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-014-0339-0","volume":"203","author":"E Torres-Morales","year":"2014","unstructured":"Torres-Morales E, Taborda L, Cardona N, De-la-Torre A, Sepulveda-Arias JC, Patarroyo MA, Gomez-Marin JE: Th1 and Th2 immune response to P30 and ROP18 peptides in human toxoplasmosis. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2014, 203 (5): 315-321. 10.1007\/s00430-014-0339-0.","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(03)00377-6","volume":"266","author":"M Bivas-Benita","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bivas-Benita M, Laloup M, Versteyhe S, Dewit J, De Braekeleer J, Jongert E, Borchard G: Generation of Toxoplasma gondii GRA1 protein and DNA vaccine loaded chitosan particles: preparation, characterization, and preliminary in vivo studies. Int J Pharm. 2003, 266: 17-27. 10.1016\/S0378-5173(03)00377-6.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"293_CR25","first-page":"3","volume":"53","author":"P Martrou","year":"1965","unstructured":"Martrou P, Pestre M, Loubet R, Nicolas A, Malinvaud G: La toxoplasmose cong\u00e9nitale (note concernant un cas mortel). Limousin Med. 1965, 53: 3-7.","journal-title":"Limousin Med"},{"key":"293_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.02.015","volume":"179","author":"D Verhelst","year":"2011","unstructured":"Verhelst D, De Craeye S, Dorny P, Melkebeek V, Goddeeris B, Cox E, Jongert E: IFN-gamma expression and infectivity of Toxoplasma infected tissues are associated with an antibody response against GRA7 in experimentally infected pigs. Vet Parasitol. 2011, 179: 14-21. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.02.015.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1144-1150.2000","volume":"38","author":"D Aubert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aubert D, Maine GT, Villena I, Hunt JC, Howard L, Sheu M, Brojanac S, Chovan LE, Nowlan SF, Pinon JM: Recombinant antigens to detect Toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in human sera by enzyme immunoassay. J Clin Microbiol. 2000, 38: 1144-1150.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"293_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549804601210","volume":"46","author":"A Bonhomme","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bonhomme A, Maine GT, Beorchia A, Burlet H, Aubert D, Villena I, Hunt J, Chovan L, Howard L, Brojanac S, Sheu M, Tyner J, Pluot M, Pinon JM: Quantitative immunolocalization of a P29 protein (GRA7), a new antigen of toxoplasma gondii. J Histochem Cytochem. 1998, 46: 1411-1422. 10.1177\/002215549804601210.","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"293_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.1.24-29.1999","volume":"6","author":"D Jacobs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jacobs D, Vercammen M, Saman E: Evaluation of recombinant dense granule antigen 7 (GRA7) of Toxoplasma gondii for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies and analysis of a major antigenic domain. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999, 6: 24-29.","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00117-13","volume":"20","author":"L Holec-Gasior","year":"2013","unstructured":"Holec-Gasior L: Toxoplasma gondii recombinant antigens as tools for serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis: current status of studies. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013, 20: 1343-1351. 10.1128\/CVI.00117-13.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(97)00227-2","volume":"91","author":"HG Fischer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fischer HG, Stachelhaus S, Sahm M, Meyer HE, Reichmann G: GRA7, an excretory 29\u00a0kDa Toxoplasma gondii dense granule antigen released by infected host cells. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1998, 91: 251-262. 10.1016\/S0166-6851(97)00227-2.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.07.032","volume":"26","author":"E Jongert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jongert E, Verhelst D, Abady M, Petersen E, Gargano N: Protective Th1 immune responses against chronic toxoplasmosis induced by a protein-protein vaccine combination but not by its DNA-protein counterpart. Vaccine. 2008, 26: 5289-5295. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.07.032.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"293_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.1.38-45.2000","volume":"68","author":"M Vercammen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vercammen M, Scorza T, Huygen K, De Braekeleer J, Diet R, Jacobs D, Saman E, Verschueren H: DNA vaccination with genes encoding Toxoplasma gondii antigens GRA1, GRA7, and ROP2 induces partially protective immunity against lethal challenge in mice. Infect Immun. 2000, 68: 38-45. 10.1128\/IAI.68.1.38-45.2000.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"293_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.1998.18.739","volume":"18","author":"K Vandenbroeck","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vandenbroeck K, Nauwynck H, Vanderpooten A, Van Reeth K, Goddeeris B, Billiau A: Recombinant porcine IFN-gamma potentiates the secondary IgG and IgA responses to an inactivated suid herpesvirus-1 vaccine and reduces postchallenge weight loss and fever in pigs. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1998, 18: 739-744. 10.1089\/jir.1998.18.739.","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"293_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.09.012","volume":"148","author":"K Vande Walle","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vande Walle K, De Zutter L, Cox E: Oral infection with a Shiga toxin-negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain elicits humoral and cellular responses but does not protect sheep from colonisation with the homologous strain. Vet Microbiol. 2011, 148: 317-322. 10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.09.012.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"293_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90784-4","volume":"86","author":"GT James","year":"1978","unstructured":"James GT: Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers. Anal Biochem. 1978, 86: 574-579. 10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90784-4.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"293_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.030","volume":"156","author":"A Kijlstra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kijlstra A, Meerburg B, Cornelissen J, De Craeye S, Vereijken P, Jongert E: The role of rodents and shrews in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to pigs. Vet Parasitol. 2008, 156: 183-190. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.030.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-6-1","volume":"6","author":"LS Cardoso","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cardoso LS, Araujo MI, Goes AM, Pacifico LG, Oliveira RR, Oliveira SC: Polymyxin B as inhibitor of LPS contamination of Schistosoma mansoni recombinant proteins in human cytokine analysis. Microb Cell Fact. 2007, 6: 1-10.1186\/1475-2859-6-1.","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"293_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2005.04.010","volume":"301","author":"JC Hope","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hope JC, Kwong LS, Thom M, Sopp P, Mwangi W, Brown WC, Palmer GH, Wattegedera S, Entrican G, Howard CJ: Development of detection methods for ruminant interleukin (IL)-4. J Immunol Methods. 2005, 301: 114-123. 10.1016\/j.jim.2005.04.010.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"293_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0087","volume":"364","author":"LD Sibley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sibley LD, Khan A, Ajioka JW, Rosenthal BM: Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in animals and humans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009, 364: 2749-2761. 10.1098\/rstb.2009.0087.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"293_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7","volume":"30","author":"AM Tenter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tenter AM, Heckeroth AR, Weiss LM: Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol. 2000, 30: 1217-1258. 10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.03.001","volume":"179","author":"J Benavides","year":"2011","unstructured":"Benavides J, Maley S, Pang Y, Palarea J, Eaton S, Katzer F, Innes EA, Buxton D, Chianini F: Development of lesions and tissue distribution of parasite in lambs orally infected with sporulated oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii. Vet Parasitol. 2011, 179: 209-215. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.03.001.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.01.005","volume":"39","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dubey JP: History of the discovery of the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. Int J Parasitol. 2009, 39: 877-882. 10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.01.005.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.08.012","volume":"166","author":"J Falcon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Falcon J, Freyre A: Toxoplasma gondii: prototype immunization of lambs against formation of muscle and brain cysts. Vet Parasitol. 2009, 166: 15-20. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.08.012.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.04.035","volume":"172","author":"J Gutierrez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gutierrez J, O\u2019Donovan J, Williams E, Proctor A, Brady C, Marques PX, Worrall S, Nally JE, McElroy M, Bassett H, Sammin D, Buxton D, Maley S, Markey BK: Detection and quantification of Toxoplasma gondii in ovine maternal and foetal tissues from experimentally infected pregnant ewes using real-time PCR. Vet Parasitol. 2010, 172: 8-15. 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.04.035.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1086\/515669","volume":"178","author":"R Race","year":"1998","unstructured":"Race R, Jenny A, Sutton D: Scrapie infectivity and proteinase K-resistant prion protein in sheep placenta, brain, spleen, and lymph node: implications for transmission and antemortem diagnosis. J Infect Dis. 1998, 178: 949-953. 10.1086\/515669.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"293_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-011-9885-2","volume":"44","author":"MA Abu-Dalbouh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abu-Dalbouh MA, Ababneh MM, Giadinis ND, Lafi SQ: Ovine and caprine toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii) in aborted animals in Jordanian goat and sheep flocks. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012, 44: 49-54. 10.1007\/s11250-011-9885-2.","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"293_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1987.48.03.352","volume":"48","author":"JP Dubey","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Toxoplasma gondii cysts in placentas of experimentally infected sheep. Am J Vet Res. 1987, 48: 352-353.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"293_CR49","volume-title":"Flock Level Sero-Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma Gondii in Sheep and Goats in Northern Jordan","author":"R Riyadh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Riyadh R: Flock Level Sero-Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma Gondii in Sheep and Goats in Northern Jordan. Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan: 2005."},{"key":"293_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1995.tb00916.x","volume":"17","author":"SN Coughlan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Coughlan SN, Saman E, Jacobs D, Mercier C, Cesbron-Delauw MF, Trees AJ: Cellular and humoral immune responses to recombinant antigens in sheep infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Parasite Immunol. 1995, 17: 465-468. 10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1995.tb00916.x.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(05)80002-7","volume":"111","author":"D Buxton","year":"1994","unstructured":"Buxton D, Thomson KM, Maley S, Wastling JM, Innes EA, Panton WR, Nicoll S: Primary and secondary responses of the ovine lymph node to Toxoplasma gondii: cell output in efferent lymph and parasite detection. J Comp Pathol. 1994, 111: 231-241. 10.1016\/S0021-9975(05)80002-7.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"293_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1995.tb01017.x","volume":"17","author":"EA Innes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Innes EA, Panton WR, Sanderson A, Thomson KM, Wastling JM, Maley S, Buxton D: Induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in efferent lymph responding to Toxoplasma gondii infection: analysis of phenotype and function. Parasite Immunol. 1995, 17: 151-160. 10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1995.tb01017.x.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-38-5-360","volume":"38","author":"JM Wastling","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wastling JM, Nicoll S, Buxton D: Comparison of two gene amplification methods for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in experimentally infected sheep. J Med Microbiol. 1993, 38: 360-365. 10.1099\/00222615-38-5-360.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"293_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(87)90081-8","volume":"97","author":"C McColgan","year":"1987","unstructured":"McColgan C, Buxton D, Miller HR: Studies on ovine efferent lymph following infection with Toxoplasma gondii. J Comp Pathol. 1987, 97: 695-703. 10.1016\/0021-9975(87)90081-8.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"293_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2307\/3280600","volume":"66","author":"JP Dubey","year":"1980","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Sharma SP: Parasitemia and tissue infection in sheep fed Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. J Parasitol. 1980, 66: 111-114. 10.2307\/3280600.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.9.3982","volume":"150","author":"A Sher","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sher A, Oswald IP, Hieny S, Gazzinelli RT: Toxoplasma gondii induces a T-independent IFN-gamma response in natural killer cells that requires both adherent accessory cells and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Immunol. 1993, 150: 3982-3989.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.1.286","volume":"146","author":"RT Gazzinelli","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gazzinelli RT, Hakim FT, Hieny S, Shearer GM, Sher A: Synergistic role of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in IFN-gamma production and protective immunity induced by an attenuated Toxoplasma gondii vaccine. J Immunol. 1991, 146: 286-292.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR58","first-page":"139","volume":"2","author":"RT Gazzinelli","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gazzinelli RT, Denkers EY, Sher A: Host resistance to Toxoplasma gondii: model for studying the selective induction of cell-mediated immunity by intracellular parasites. Infect Agents Dis. 1993, 2: 139-149.","journal-title":"Infect Agents Dis"},{"key":"293_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00048-0","volume":"5","author":"GM Bhopale","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bhopale GM: Development of a vaccine for toxoplasmosis: current status. Microbes Infect. 2003, 5: 457-462. 10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00048-0.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"293_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.6.2533","volume":"153","author":"RT Gazzinelli","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gazzinelli RT, Wysocka M, Hayashi S, Denkers EY, Hieny S, Caspar P, Trinchieri G, Sher A: Parasite-induced IL-12 stimulates early IFN-gamma synthesis and resistance during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii. J Immunol. 1994, 153: 2533-2543.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3197","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200424993","volume":"34","author":"A Vossenkamper","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vossenkamper A, Struck D, Alvarado-Esquivel C, Went T, Takeda K, Akira S, Pfeffer K, Alber G, Lochner M, Forster I, Liesenfeld O: Both IL-12 and IL-18 contribute to small intestinal Th1-type immunopathology following oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii, but IL-12 is dominant over IL-18 in parasite control. Eur J Immunol. 2004, 34: 3197-3207. 10.1002\/eji.200424993.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"293_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.11.4.569","volume":"11","author":"EY Denkers","year":"1998","unstructured":"Denkers EY, Gazzinelli RT: Regulation and function of T-cell-mediated immunity during Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998, 11: 569-588.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"293_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.01.006","volume":"13","author":"V Morampudi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morampudi V, De Craeye S, Le Moine A, Detienne S, Braun MY, D\u2019Souza S: Partial depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells significantly increases morbidity during acute phase Toxoplasma gondii infection in resistant BALB\/c mice. Microbes Infect. 2011, 13: 394-404. 10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.01.006.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"293_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90160-B","volume":"43","author":"AM Tenter","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tenter AM, Vietmeyer C, Johnson AM: Development of ELISAs based on recombinant antigens for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in sheep and cats. Vet Parasitol. 1992, 43: 189-201. 10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90160-B.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"293_CR65","first-page":"61","volume":"3","author":"SP Verma","year":"1989","unstructured":"Verma SP, Bhardwaj RM, Gautam OP: Application of countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) in the sero-diagnosis of Toxoplasma antibodies in sheep. J Vet Parasitol. 1989, 3: 61-62.","journal-title":"J Vet Parasitol"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:55:16Z","timestamp":1747187716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-014-0293-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"article-number":"293"}}