{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:13:53Z","timestamp":1791339233899,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0560-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T08:55:38Z","timestamp":1443603338000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Development of a pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR and a survey of livestock from five Caribbean islands"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jilei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-001-0563-6","volume":"13","author":"Q Bai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bai Q, Liu G, Liu D, Ren J, Li X. Isolation and preliminary characterization of large Babesia sp. from sheep and goats in the eastern part of Gansu Province, China. Parasitol Res. 2002;13 Suppl 1:16\u201321.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00141-9","volume":"114","author":"A Criado-Fornelio","year":"2003","unstructured":"Criado-Fornelio A, Martinez-Marcos A, Buling-Sara\u00f1a A, Barba-Carretero JC. Molecular studies on Babesia, Theileria and Hepatozoon in southern Europe: Part II. Phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary history. Vet Parasitol. 2003;114:173\u201394.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.035","volume":"138","author":"G Uilenberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Uilenberg G. Babesia - A historical overview. Vet Parasitol. 2006;138:3\u201310.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.10.012","volume":"159","author":"A Criado-Fornelio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Criado-Fornelio A, Buling A, Pingret JL, Etievant M, Boucraut-Baralon C, Alongi A, et al. Hemoprotozoa of domestic animals in France: prevalence and molecular characterization. Vet Parasitol. 2009;159:73\u20136.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.3.451-469.2000","volume":"13","author":"MJ Homer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Homer MJ, Aguilar-Delfin I, Telford SR, Krause PJ, Persing DH. Babesiosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;13:451\u201369.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-617R.1","volume":"92","author":"MJ Yabsley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yabsley MJ, Work TM, Rameyer RA. Molecular phylogeny of Babesia poelea from brown boobies (Sula leucogaster) from Johnston Atoll, central Pacific. J Parasitol. 2006;92:423\u20135.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.010","volume":"22","author":"E Vannier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vannier E, Gewurz BE, Krause PJ. Human babesiosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2008;22:469\u201388.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.07.004","volume":"12","author":"L Schnittger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schnittger L, Rodriguez AE, Florin-Christensen M, Morrison DA. Babesia: A world emerging. Infect Genet Evol. 2012;12:1788\u2013809.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"560_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vannier E, Krause PJ. Update on babesiosis. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009;984568. doi:10.1155\/2009\/984568.","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/984568"},{"key":"560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S247","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004005190","volume":"129","author":"R Bock","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bock R, Jackson L, de Vos A, Jorgensen W. Babesiosis of cattle. Parasitology. 2004;129:S247\u201369.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2658-z","volume":"110","author":"S Ranjbar-Bahadori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ranjbar-Bahadori S, Eckert B, Omidian Z, Shirazi NS, Shayan P. Babesia ovis as the main causative agent of sheep babesiosis in Iran. Parasitol Res. 2012;110:1531\u20136.","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"560_CR12","unstructured":"Guidi E, Pradier S, Lebert I, Leblond A. Piroplasmosis in an endemic area: analysis of the risk factors and their implications in the control of Theileriosis and Babesiosis in horses. Parasitol Res. 2014; doi:10.1007\/s0043601441619."},{"key":"560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v76i1.66","volume":"76","author":"JP Schoeman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schoeman JP. Canine babesiosis. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2009;76:59\u201366.","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J Vet Res"},{"key":"560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.10.015","volume":"168","author":"C Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang C, Ahluwalia SK, Li Y, Gao D, Poudel A, Chowdhury E, et al. Frequency and therapy monitoring of canine Babesia spp. infection by high-resolution melting curve quantitative FRET-PCR. Vet Parasitol. 2010;168:11\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2108","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002108","volume":"7","author":"J Kamani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kamani J, Baneth G, Mumcuoglu KY, Waziri NE, Eyal O, Guthmann Y, et al. Molecular detection and characterization of tick-borne pathogens in dogs and ticks from Nigeria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7:e2108.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.08.028","volume":"198","author":"HM Ibrahim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ibrahim HM, Adjou Moumouni PF, Mohammed-Geba K, Sheir SK, Hashem IS, Cao S, et al. Molecular and serological prevalence of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in cattle and water buffalos under small-scale dairy farming in Beheira and Faiyum Provinces, Egypt. Vet Parasitol. 2013;198:187\u201392.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR17","first-page":"132","volume":"59","author":"J Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu J, Guan G, Liu A, Li Y, Yin H, Luo J. A PCR method targeting internal transcribed spacers: the simultaneous detection of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in cattle. Acta Parasitol. 2014;59:132\u20138.","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.05.057","volume":"133","author":"M Akta\u015f","year":"2005","unstructured":"Akta\u015f M, Altay K, Dumanli N. Development of a polymerase chain reaction method for diagnosis of Babesia ovis infection in sheep and goats. Vet Parasitol. 2005;133:277\u201381.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12139","volume":"60","author":"Q Chi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chi Q, Liu Z, Li Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Yue C, et al. Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of Anaplasma ovis infection. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2013;60 Suppl 2:119\u201324.","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1603\/ME10172","volume":"48","author":"PJ Kelly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelly PJ, Lucas H, Yowell C, Beati L, Dame J, Urdaz-Rodriguez J, et al. Ehrlichia ruminantium in Amblyomma variegatum and domestic ruminants in the Caribbean. J Med Entomol. 2011;48:485\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"560_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-5659-x","volume":"98","author":"L Wei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wei L, Kelly P, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zheng X, Tao J, et al. Use of a universal hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS)-based PCR as an endogenous internal control and to enable typing of mammalian DNAs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014;98:5579\u201387.","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53450","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053450","volume":"8","author":"PJ Kelly","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kelly PJ, Xu C, Lucas H, Loftis A, Abete J, Zeoli F, et al. Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis and Hepatozoonosis in dogs from St. Kitts, West Indies. PLoS One. 2013;8:e53450.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"560_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.2144\/04363RN06","volume":"36","author":"C Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang C, Gao D, Vaglenov A, Kaltenboeck B. One-step real-time duplex reverse transcription PCRs simultaneously quantify analyte and housekeeping gene mRNAs. Biotechniques. 2004;36:508\u201316. 518\u2013519.","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-413","volume":"7","author":"Y Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang Y, Mao Y, Kelly P, Yang Z, Luan L, Zhang J, et al. A pan-Theileria FRET-qPCR survey for Theileria spp in ruminants from nine provinces of China. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:413.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"560_CR25","first-page":"152","volume":"33","author":"E Stackkebrandt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stackkebrandt E, Ebers J. Taxonomic parameters revisited: tarnished gold standards. Microbiol Today. 2006;33:152\u20135.","journal-title":"Microbiol Today"},{"key":"560_CR26","unstructured":"Meier-Kolthoff JP, Auch AF, Klenk HP, Goker M. Genome sequence-based species delimitation with confidence intervals and improved distance functions. BMC Bioinformatics. 2013; doi:10.1186\/147120151460."},{"key":"560_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.064931-0","volume":"64","author":"M Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim M, Oh HS, Park SC, Chun J. Towards a taxonomic coherence between average nucleotide identity and 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity for species demarcation of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2014;64:1825.","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"560_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(85)90071-8","volume":"18","author":"GI Garris","year":"1985","unstructured":"Garris GI, Scotland K. Ticks on livestock in St. Lucia. Vet Parasitol. 1985;18:367\u201373.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(94)03118-G","volume":"57","author":"E Camus","year":"1995","unstructured":"Camus E, Barre N. Vector situation of tick-borne diseases in the Caribbean islands. Vet Parasitol. 1995;57:167\u201376.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR30","first-page":"403","volume":"126","author":"DJ Hadrill","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hadrill DJ, Boid R, Jones TW, Bell-Sakyi L. Bovine babesiosis on Nevis-implications for tick control. Vet Record. 1990;126:403\u20134.","journal-title":"Vet Record"},{"key":"560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.19182\/remvt.8963","volume":"45","author":"M Alonso","year":"1992","unstructured":"Alonso M, Camus E, Rodriguez Diego J, Bertaudi\u00e8re L, Tatareau JC, Liabeuf JM. Current status of bovine haemoparasitic diseases in Martinique (French West Indies). Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1992;45:9\u201314.","journal-title":"Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop"},{"key":"560_CR32","first-page":"313","volume":"25","author":"E Camus","year":"1994","unstructured":"Camus E, Montenegro-James S. Bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in the Lesser Antilles: Risk assessment of unstable situation. Vet Res. 1994;25:313\u20137.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00129-8","volume":"114","author":"J Rampersad","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rampersad J, Cesar E, Campbell MD, Samlal M, Ammons D. A field evaluation of PCR for the routine detection of Babesia equi in horses. Vet Parasitol. 2003;114:81\u20137.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.09.015","volume":"144","author":"Z Asgarali","year":"2007","unstructured":"Asgarali Z, Coombs DK, Mohammed F, Campbell MD, Caesar E. A serological study of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in Thoroughbreds in Trinidad. Vet Parasitol. 2007;144:167\u201371.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9335-6","volume":"41","author":"JH Urdaz-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Urdaz-Rodr\u00edguez JH, Fosgate GT, Waghela SD, Alleman AR, Rae DO, Donovan GA, et al. Seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for Babesia bovis in commercial dairy farms of Puerto Rico. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2009;41:1465\u201373.","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9551-0","volume":"42","author":"Y Mulugeta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mulugeta Y, Yacob HT, Ashenafi H. Ectoparasites of small ruminants in three selected agro-ecological sites of Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010;42:1219\u201324.","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"560_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.9.4.535","volume":"9","author":"KT Friedhoff","year":"1990","unstructured":"Friedhoff KT, Tenter AM, M\u00fcller I. Haemoparasites of equines: impact on international trade of horses. Rev Sci Tech. 1990;9:1187\u201394.","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"560_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0635","volume":"46","author":"JL Corn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Corn JL, Berger P, Mertins JW. Surveys for ectoparasites on wildlife associated with Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae)-infested livestock in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. J Med Entomol. 2009;46:1483\u20139.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"560_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04909.x","volume":"40","author":"WL Goff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Goff WL, Jessup DA, Waldrup KA, Thomford JW, Conrad PA, Boyce WM, et al. The isolation and partial characterization of a Babesia sp. from desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni). J Eukaryot Microbiol. 1993;40:237\u201343.","journal-title":"J Eukaryot Microbiol"},{"key":"560_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.11.008","volume":"151","author":"MJ Yabsley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yabsley MJ, McKibben J, Macpherson CN, Cattan PF, Cherry NA, Hegarty BC, et al. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesiacanis vogeli, Hepatozoon canis, Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Grenada. Vet Parasitol. 2008;151:279\u201385.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.024","volume":"196","author":"A Loftis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Loftis A, Kelly PJ, Freeman M. Beeler, Wang C. Tick-borne pathogens and disease of dogs in St. Kitts, West Indies. Vet Parasitol. 2013;196:44\u20139.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.06.025","volume":"173","author":"P Simking","year":"2010","unstructured":"Simking P, Wongnakphet S, Stich RW, Jittapalapong S. Detection of Babesia vogeli in stray cats of metropolitan Bangkok. Thailand Vet Parasitol. 2010;173:70\u20135.","journal-title":"Thailand Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"560_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0514-6","volume":"7","author":"P Kelly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kelly P, Marabini L, Dutlow K, Zhang J, Loftis A, Wang C. Molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in captive wild felids, Zimbabwe. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:514.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"560_CR44","first-page":"5","volume":"41","author":"A Bouattour","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bouattour A, Darghouth MA, Daoud A. Distribution and ecology of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Tunisia: an overview of eighth years field collections. Parassitologia. 1999;41(Suppl):5\u201310.","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"560_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-005-5629-1","volume":"38","author":"A Torina","year":"2006","unstructured":"Torina A, Khoury C, Caracappa S, Maroli M. Ticks infesting livestock on farms in Western Sicily, Italy. Exp Appl Acarol. 2006;38:75\u201386.","journal-title":"Exp Appl Acarol"},{"key":"560_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03316.x","volume":"17","author":"S Harrus","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harrus S, Perlman-Avrahami A, Mumcuoglu KY, Morick D, Eyal O, Baneth G. Molecular detection of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma platys, Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii and Babesia canis vogeli in ticks from Israel. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17:459\u201363.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-213","volume":"6","author":"F Dantas-Torres","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dantas-Torres F, Latrofa MS, Annoscia G, Giannelli A, Parisi A, Otranto D. Morphological and genetic diversity of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato from the New and Old Worlds. Parasit Vectors. 2013;6:213.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-126","volume":"25","author":"L Wei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wei L, Kelly P, Ackerson K, Zhang J, El-Mahallawy HS, Kaltenboeck B, et al. First report of Babesia gibsoni in Central America and survey for vector-borne infections in dogs from Nicaragua. Parasit Vector. 2014;25:126.","journal-title":"Parasit Vector"},{"key":"560_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3067","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003067","volume":"8","author":"\u00d6 Orkun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Orkun \u00d6, Karaer Z, \u00c7akmak A, Nalbanto\u011flu S. Identification of tick-borne pathogens in ticks feeding on humans in Turkey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8:e3067.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-015-0560-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,22]],"date-time":"2022-05-22T13:22:47Z","timestamp":1653225767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1746-6148\/11\/246"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-015-0560-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"article-number":"246"}}