{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T13:48:36Z","timestamp":1768916916567,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2017YFD0500103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0500103"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31772747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31772747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team","award":["2017TD-28"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017TD-28"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University"},{"name":"the Program for Changjiang Scholars and the University Innovative Research Team","award":["IRT1248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRT1248"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T08:30:03Z","timestamp":1524472203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Immunogenicity evaluation of inactivated virus and purified proteins of porcine circovirus type 2 in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongsheng","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daxin","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1092-6435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linzhu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1461_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.10.007","volume":"164","author":"J Segales","year":"2012","unstructured":"Segales J. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infections: clinical signs, pathology and laboratory diagnosis. Virus Res. 2012;164(1\u20132):10\u20139.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1461_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.02.009","volume":"143","author":"T Finsterbusch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Finsterbusch T, Mankertz A. Porcine circoviruses--small but powerful. Virus Res. 2009;143(2):177\u201383.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1461_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-016-1326-x","volume":"52","author":"L Ren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ren L, Chen X, Ouyang H. Interactions of porcine circovirus 2 with its hosts. Virus Genes. 2016;52(4):437\u201344.","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"1461_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-031412-103720","volume":"1","author":"XJ Meng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Meng XJ. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2): pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system. Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2013;1:43\u201364.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Anim Biosci"},{"key":"1461_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.10.002","volume":"206","author":"Z Afghah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Afghah Z, Webb B, Meng XJ, Ramamoorthy S. Ten years of PCV2 vaccines and vaccination: is eradication a possibility? Vet Microbiol. 2017;206:21\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"1461_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.03.043","volume":"67","author":"F Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen F, Yang X, Pang D, Peng Z, Dong M, Liu X, Ouyang H, Ren L. Expression, purification and antibody preparation using different constructs of PCV2 capsid protein. Int J Biol Macromol. 2014;67:289\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"1461_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.073","volume":"86","author":"Z Peng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peng Z, Ma T, Pang D, Su D, Chen F, Chen X, Guo N, Ouyang T, Ouyang H, Ren L. Expression, purification and antibody preparation of PCV2 rep and ORF3 proteins. Int J Biol Macromol. 2016;86:277\u201381.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"36","key":"1461_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.07.031","volume":"35","author":"D Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li D, Du Q, Wu B, Li J, Chang L, Zhao X, Huang Y, Tong D. Immunogenicity of adenovirus vaccines expressing the PCV2 capsid protein in pigs. Vaccine. 2017;35(36):4722\u20139.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1461_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.02.058","volume":"166","author":"G Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang G, Jia P, Cheng G, Jiao S, Ren L, Ji S, Hu T, Liu H, Du Y. Enhanced immune response to inactivated porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine by conjugation of chitosan oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym. 2017;166:64\u201372.","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"issue":"17","key":"1461_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9536","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01406-12","volume":"86","author":"X Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang X, Chen F, Cao Y, Pang D, Ouyang H, Ren L. Complete genome sequence of porcine circovirus 2b strain CC1. J Virol. 2012;86(17):9536.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1461_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.01.141","volume":"496","author":"J Jin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jin J, Park C, Cho SH, Chung J. The level of decoy epitope in PCV2 vaccine affects the neutralizing activity of sera in the immunized animals. Biochem Bioph Res Co. 2018;496(3):846\u201351.","journal-title":"Biochem Bioph Res Co"},{"issue":"2","key":"1461_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2012.11.001","volume":"187","author":"X Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang X, Chen F, Cao Y, Pang D, Ouyang H, Ren L. Comparative analysis of different methods to enhance porcine circovirus 2 replication. J Virol Methods. 2013;187(2):368\u201371.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"1461_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-014-1099-z","volume":"49","author":"QZ Lv","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lv QZ, Guo KK, Zhang YM. Current understanding of genomic DNA of porcine circovirus type 2. Virus Genes. 2014;49(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1461_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2010.05.013","volume":"137","author":"M Fort","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fort M, Sibila M, Nofrarias M, Perez-Martin E, Olvera A, Mateu E, Segales J. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) cap and rep proteins are involved in the development of cell-mediated immunity upon PCV2 infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2010;137(3\u20134):226\u201334.","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1461_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2012.09.001","volume":"150","author":"M Fort","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fort M, Sibila M, Nofrarias M, Perez-Martin E, Olvera A, Mateu E, Segales J. Evaluation of cell-mediated immune responses against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) cap and rep proteins after vaccination with a commercial PCV2 sub-unit vaccine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2012;150(1\u20132):128\u201332.","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1461_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.02.007","volume":"173","author":"T Hua","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hua T, Wang X, Bai J, Zhang L, Liu J, Jiang P. Attenuation of porcine circovirus type-2b by replacement with the rep gene of porcine circovirus type-1. Virus Res. 2013;173(2):270\u20139.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"1461_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81785-0","volume":"87","author":"S Timmusk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Timmusk S, Fossum C, Berg M. Porcine circovirus type 2 replicase binds the capsid protein and an intermediate filament-like protein. J Gen Virol. 2006;87(Pt 11):3215\u201323.","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1461_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2010.01.026","volume":"165","author":"T Meng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meng T, Jia Q, Liu S, Karuppannan AK, Chang CC, Kwang J. Characterization and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies recognizing N-terminus of rep of porcine circovirus type 2. J Virol Methods. 2010;165(2):222\u20139.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1461_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.03.016","volume":"177","author":"J Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi J, Peng Z, Fu F, Xu S, Xu S, Cong X, Yuan X, Yu J, Wu J, Sun W, et al. Mutant rep protein of the porcine circovirus type 2 N-glycosylation:23-25aa, 256-258aa mutation reduced virus replication but 286-288aa mutation enhanced virus replication in PK-15 cells. Vet Microbiol. 2015;177(3\u20134):370\u20132.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"1461_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8262","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.13.8262-8274.2005","volume":"79","author":"J Liu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu J, Chen I, Kwang J. Characterization of a previously unidentified viral protein in porcine circovirus type 2-infected cells and its role in virus-induced apoptosis. J Virol. 2005;79(13):8262\u201374.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1461_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5065","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.10.5065-5073.2006","volume":"80","author":"J Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu J, Chen I, Du Q, Chua H, Kwang J. The ORF3 protein of porcine circovirus type 2 is involved in viral pathogenesis in vivo. J Virol. 2006;80(10):5065\u201373.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1461_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1089\/hyb.2011.0116","volume":"31","author":"JL He","year":"2012","unstructured":"He JL, Dai D, Zhou N, Zhou JY. Analysis of putative ORF3 gene within porcine circovirus type 2. Hybridoma (Larchmt). 2012;31(3):180\u20137.","journal-title":"Hybridoma (Larchmt)"},{"key":"1461_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi CY, Rho SB, Kim HS, Han J, Bae J, Lee SJ, Jung WW, Chun T.The ORF3 protein of porcine circovirus type 2 promotes secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 in porcine epithelial cells by facilitating proteasomal degradation of regulator of G protein signalling 16 through physical interaction.J Gen Virol.2015;96(Pt 5):1098-108.","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000046"},{"issue":"3","key":"1461_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2006.0106","volume":"20","author":"LS Stevenson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stevenson LS, Gilpin DF, Douglas A, McNeilly F, McNair I, Adair BM, Allan GM. T lymphocyte epitope mapping of porcine circovirus type 2. Viral Immunol. 2007;20(3):389\u201398.","journal-title":"Viral Immunol"},{"issue":"21","key":"1461_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.03.090","volume":"33","author":"H Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang H, Qian P, Peng B, Shi L, Chen H, Li X. A novel subunit vaccine co-expressing GM-CSF and PCV2b cap protein enhances protective immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in piglets. Vaccine. 2015;33(21):2449\u201356.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"1461_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125228","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125228","volume":"10","author":"M Stoel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stoel M, Pool J, de Vries-Idema J, Zaaraoui-Boutahar F, Bijl M, Andeweg AC, Wilschut J, Huckriede A. Innate responses induced by whole inactivated virus or subunit influenza vaccines in cultured dendritic cells correlate with immune responses in vivo. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125228.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"1461_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.7.3.277","volume":"7","author":"AG Johnson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Johnson AG. Molecular adjuvants and immunomodulators: new approaches to immunization. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1994;7(3):277\u201389.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1461_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.04.004","volume":"22","author":"ML Mbow","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mbow ML, De Gregorio E, Valiante NM, Rappuoli R. New adjuvants for human vaccines. Curr Opin Immunol. 2010;22(3):411\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1461_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12299","volume":"41","author":"X Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang X, Ouyang H, Chen F, Ma T, Dong M, Wang F, Pang D, Peng Z, Ren L. Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase increases the expression of interferon-responsive genes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2014;41(12):950\u20135.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1461_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12434","volume":"42","author":"X Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang X, Ma T, Ouyang H, Chen F, Peng Z, Li C, Ma Y, Chen X, Li B, Pang D, et al. Effect of atovastatin treatment on porcine circovirus 2 infection in BALB\/c mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2015;42(8):817\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"1461_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.10.006","volume":"227","author":"T Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma T, Ouyang T, Ouyang H, Chen F, Peng Z, Chen X, Pang D, Ren L. Porcine circovirus 2 proliferation can be enhanced by stably expressing porcine IL-2 gene in PK-15 cell. Virus Res. 2017;227:143\u20139.","journal-title":"Virus Res"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T19:23:12Z","timestamp":1555960992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1461-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 January 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Jilin University (Changchun, China).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"137"}}