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Concerning the nervous system, <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> sp. infection causing meningitis, meningoencephalitis or meningoencephalomyelitis have been extensively reported in striped dolphins (<jats:italic>Stenella coeruleoalba<\/jats:italic>), and less frequently in other cetacean species.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A juvenile female common bottlenose dolphin (<jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>) was found stranded alive in Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) in 2005, but died shortly after. On physical examination, the dolphin showed a moderate body condition and was classified as code 2 (fresh dead) at the time of necropsy. The main gross findings were severe multiorgan parasitism, thickened and congested leptomeninges, and (sero)fibrino-suppurative and proliferative arthritis of the shoulder joint. Histopathological examination revealed the distinct features of a sub-acute systemic disease associated with <jats:italic>Cetacean Morbillivirus<\/jats:italic> (CeMV) infection. However, brain lesions diverged from those reported in systemic CeMV infection. This led to suspect that there was a coinfecting pathogen, based on the characteristics of the inflammatory response and the lesion distribution pattern in the central nervous system. <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> sp. was detected in the brain tissue by PCR and <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> antigen was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in the brain and shoulder joint lesions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The zoonotic potential of marine mammal strains of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> has been demonstrated both in natural and laboratory conditions. In this study, PCR detected <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> sp. in the brain of a common bottlenose dolphin stranded in the Canary Islands; the dolphin was also co-infected with CeMV. This is the first detection of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> sp. infection in a stranded cetacean in this archipelago. Therefore, we stress the importance of taking adequate measures during the handling of these species to prevent the transmissions of the infection to humans.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-2089-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T16:20:27Z","timestamp":1571674827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Neurobrucellosis in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) stranded in the Canary Islands"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Sierra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5281-0521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idaira","family":"Felipe-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Zucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Di Francesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"D\u00edaz-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Sacchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Arbelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guzman-Verri C, Gonzalez-Barrientos R, Hernandez-Mora G, Morales JA, Baquero-Calvo E, Chaves-Olarte E, et al. 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No experiments were performed on live animals because our work was based on dead stranded cetaceans, and the field studies did not involve endangered or protected species.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"353"}}