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No significant gross lesions were present in the reminder of the tissues examined. Histopathological examination of the affected skin showed moderate epidermal hyperplasia with rete pegs, marked parakeratotic hyperkeratosis with crusts of degenerate neutrophils and cell debris, and few epithelial cells undergoing ballooning degeneration with occasional eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (3\u20135\u2009\u03bcm Bollinger body). Negative staining electron microscopy from skin revealed typical <jats:italic>Parapoxvirus<\/jats:italic> (PPV) particles, which were also confirmed by real-time PCR (Ct =18.6). Metagenomic analysis of the skin samples revealed only poxviruses. The bison parapox <jats:italic>B2L<\/jats:italic> envelope gene clustered with other parapox sequences identified from ruminants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is the first report of PCPV virus infection in an American bison. Identification of novel susceptible hosts of parapox viruses sheds light on the viral evolution and highlights the importance of potential economic impact of this disease to the bison industry.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02464-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,13]],"date-time":"2020-07-13T12:06:02Z","timestamp":1594641962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pseudocowpox virus infection in an American bison (Bison bison)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Vinay","family":"Shivanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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