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Predominant clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis are ulcerative painless skin lesions. Several data reported that pain is associated with human and dog leishmaniasis, out with areas of painless ulcerative lesions per se. Actually, current medications used for leishmaniasis management are characterized by several side effects and, in addition, some cases of the disease are refractory to the treatment. On this background it is mandatory the identification of new and safe candidates for designing less toxic and low-cost remedies. Therefore, the search for new leishmanicidal compounds is indispensable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present paper we investigated the effect of orally N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) supplementation at dose of 200\u2009mg\/Kg for 10\u2009weeks, in subcutaneous<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>(L).<jats:italic>amazonensis<\/jats:italic>infected BALB\/c mice. And evaluating the effect of NAC on inflammatory response such as TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-1\u03b2 levels, and on thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present paper we showed how NAC supplementation affected parameters of oxidative stress (GSH, MDA, SOD), inflammation such as cytokines levels (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF\u03b1) and mast cell activation and consequently on induced pain, during leishmaniosis in BALB\\c mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of our study provided the scientific data demonstrating that<jats:italic>L. amazonensis<\/jats:italic>infection induces inflammation and pain in BALB\/c mice that are reversed by administration of NAC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-2234-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T18:03:17Z","timestamp":1578938597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["N-acetyl-L-cysteine reduces Leishmania amazonensis-induced inflammation in BALB\/c mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rosalia","family":"Crupi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Gugliandolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Siracusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Impellizzeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marika","family":"Cordaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Di Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Britti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6131-3690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Cuzzocrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2234_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","volume":"7","author":"J Alvar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alvar J, Velez ID, Bern C, Herrero M, Desjeux P, Cano J, Jannin J, den Boer M, Team WHOLC. 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Animal care was in accordance with Italian regulations on protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes (D.M.116192) as well as with EEC regulations (O.J. of E.C. L 358\/1 12\/18\/1986).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare. In order to ensure transparency we declare that Dr. Enrico Gugliandolo is a member of the editorial board of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"13"}}