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The aims of this study were to evaluate the shedding of\n                      <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                      in small ruminant herds and to identify the pathogen\u2019s genotypes and sequence types (STs) using multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and multispacer sequence typing (MST) methods.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 165 samples from 43 herds of goats and 9 flocks of sheep were collected including bulk tank milk (BTM), individual milk samples, vaginal swabs, tissue sections from stillborn kids, feces and placentas. These were tested by real-time PCR targeting the IS\n                      <jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic>\n                      element.\n                      <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was confirmed in 51.16% of the herds of goats and 22.2% of the flocks of sheep. Six out of nine samples originating from goats were successfully genotyped using the MLVA method. The presence was confirmed of two widely distributed MLVA genotypes (I and J) and genotype PL1 previously reported only in cattle. Only one sequence type (ST61) was identified; however, the majority of specimens represented partial STs and some of them may belong to ST61. Other partial STs could possibly be ST74.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study confirmed the relatively common occurrence of\n                      <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                      in small ruminant herds in Poland. Interestingly, all genotyped samples represent cattle-associated MLVA genotypes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-03051-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T07:03:37Z","timestamp":1635404617000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in small ruminants and genotyping of specimens collected from goats in Poland"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Jode\u0142ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Szyma\u0144ska-Czerwi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta Gra\u017cyna","family":"Rola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Niemczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3051_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.1.202","volume":"164","author":"RL Pinsky","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pinsky RL, Fishbein DB, Greene CR, Geinshemer KF. 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All samples were taken by veterinarians with the agreement of the animal\u2019s owner during routine veterinary activities, e.g. check-ups.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"341"}}