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The aim of the present study was to determine the current prevalence of antibodies to pathogens known to potentially influence reproduction in European bison. Serum samples from 183 bison, originating from different parts of Poland, were tested using commercial ELISA tests for antibodies to\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.,\n                      <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetti, Leptospira interrogans, Neospora caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; the findings were compared between captive and main free-ranging herds, and with regard to the influence of demographic factors such as age and sex. The prevalence of seropositivity was also checked with regard to location and the animal species sharing it.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. antibodies were present in 48 out of 130 (36.9%) tested samples.\n                      <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                      was found in one sample out of 178 (0.58%).\n                      <jats:italic>N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                      in 36 out of 172 (20.9%) and\n                      <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      in 23 out of 172 (13.4%). No sample was positive for leptospirosis. Neither sex nor age appeared to have a significant effect on the occurrence of antibodies to the identified species. The prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in the samples varied significantly according to location; however, similar frequency ranges were observed between free ranging and captive herds. In contrast, antibodies to\n                      <jats:italic>N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                      were more common in free-ranging herds than captive herds, with the highest frequency observed in the Bieszczady Mountains.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.,\n                      <jats:italic>N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                      might have a similar impact on the reproductive potential of European bison as they have on cattle. The high occurrence of antibodies to\n                      <jats:italic>N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                      in bison from the Bieszczady Mountains may be associated with the relatively high density of the wolf population in the area.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-03057-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T08:02:37Z","timestamp":1636012957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pathogens with potential impact on reproduction in captive and free-ranging European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland - a serological survey"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1073-174X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Didkowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Klich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Hapanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanka","family":"Or\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ga\u0142\u0105zka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Rzewuska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanda","family":"Olech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Anusz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3057_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1017\/S0030605318001369","volume":"53","author":"W Olech","year":"2019","unstructured":"Olech W, Klich D, Perzanowski K. 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