{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:34:41Z","timestamp":1792542881417,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Advances in MRI coil technology and increased availability of high-field MRI in veterinary medicine enable the acquisition of images of increasingly high spatial resolution while preserving signal-to-noise ratio.The purpose of the present study was to compare 3T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) with ultrasound (US) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the normal canine eye, to assess its potential to depict normal ocular anatomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HR-MRI was compared with US and UBM in 10 eyes from 10 healthy beagle dogs. Ocular structures (cornea, anterior chamber, iridocorneal angle, iris, lens, ciliary body, choroid, vitreous body, posterior wall of the eye, optic nerve and optic nerve sheath, extraocular muscles) were assessed subjectively and central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AQD), anteroposterior, mediolateral and dorsoventral lens diameter (APLD, MLLD, DVLD), anteroposterior diameter of the globe including and excluding the scleroretinal rim (APDSRR, APD), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) were measured in HR-MRI and in US. Optic nerve diameter (OND) was measured in HR-MRI. HR-MRI and UBM appearance of the anterior segment were subjectively compared. Detailed reference high-resolution MRI images of normal eyes of Beagle dogs are provided.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HR-MRI allowed assessment of all structures identified with US and UBM. The MRI examinations were performed under general anesthesia with the addition of a neuromuscular blocking agent, while US and UBM examinations were performed in conscious animals. Visibility of the entire ocular wall, the lens, the structures caudal to the ciliary body and the optic nerve and its sheath was superior with HR-MRI. HR-MRI allowed the distinction of retina, choroid and sclera, and the delineation of structures not previously identified in canine eyes with MRI, including Tenon\u2019s capsule and the sub-Tenon\u2019s space.Plane selection was more accurate with HR-MRI compared to US. In general, the range of measurements was narrower for MRI than for US. CCT, AQD, APLD, MLLD, APD, APDSRR and ONSD differed significantly between HR-MRI and US, respectively (p = 0.005-0.027).Micro-MRI may be useful for the assessment of ocular pathologies in the future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T05:04:28Z","timestamp":1644469468000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["3T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, conventional ultrasonography and ultrasound biomicroscopy of the normal canine eye"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Ohlerth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dagmar","family":"Verdino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Rampazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Pot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3108_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12671","volume":"22","author":"A Lavaud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lavaud A, Lautenschl\u00e4ger IE, Voelter K, Ivan D, Dennler M, Pot SA. The localization of a conjunctivoscleral foreign body via high-resolution microscopy coil magnetic resonance imaging in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2019; 22(5):703\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12671.","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3108_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.1617","volume":"223","author":"E Bentley","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bentley E, Miller PE, Diehl KA. Use of high-resolution ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in veterinary ophthalmology. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223(11):1617\u201322.","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"10","key":"3108_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.10.1743","volume":"67","author":"SA Boroffka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boroffka SA, Voorhout G, Verbruggen A-M, Teske E. Intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of ocular biometric measurements obtained by means of b-mode ultrasonography in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2006; 67(10):1743\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR4","first-page":"48","volume":"39","author":"A Paunksnis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Paunksnis A, Svaldeniene E, Paunksniene M, Babrauskiene V. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the eye parameters in dogs of different age. Ultragarsas\/Ultrasound. 2001; 39(2):48\u201351.","journal-title":"Ultragarsas\/Ultrasound"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1994.tb00196.x","volume":"35","author":"RV Morgan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Morgan RV, Daniel GB, Donnell RL. Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal eye and orbit of the dog and cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1994; 35(2):102\u20138.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"issue":"7","key":"3108_CR6","first-page":"418","volume":"34","author":"BH Grahn","year":"1993","unstructured":"Grahn BH, Stewart WA, Towner RA, Noseworthy MD. Magnetic resonance imaging of the canine and feline eye, orbit, and optic nerves and its clinical application. Can Vet J. 1993; 34(7):418.","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830701558166","volume":"27","author":"T Georgouli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Georgouli T, Chang B, Nelson M, James T, Tanner S, Shelley D, Saldana M, McGonagle D. Use of high-resolution microscopy coil mri for depicting orbital anatomy. Orbit. 2008; 27(2):107\u201314.","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.04.003","volume":"67","author":"A Kolk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kolk A, Stimmer H, Klopfer M, Wolff K-D, Hohlweg-Majert B, Ploder O, Pautke C. High resolution magnetic resonance imaging with an orbital coil as an alternative to computed tomography scan as the primary imaging modality of pediatric orbital fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009; 67(2):348\u201356.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"3108_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702755","volume":"22","author":"T Georgouli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Georgouli T, James T, Tanner S, Shelley D, Nelson M, Chang B, Backhouse O, McGonagle D. High-resolution microscopy coil mr-eye. Eye. 2008; 22(8):994\u20136.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2004.11.004","volume":"16","author":"JM Tyszka","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tyszka JM, Fraser SE, Jacobs RE. Magnetic resonance microscopy: recent advances and applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2005; 16(1):93\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3108_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6575","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4865","volume":"51","author":"S Langner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Langner S, Martin H, Terwee T, Koopmans SA, Kr\u00fcger PC, Hosten N, Schmitz K-P, Guthoff RF, Stachs O. 7.1 t mri to assess the anterior segment of the eye. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010; 51(12):6575\u201381.","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22853","volume":"66","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wey H-Y, San Emeterio Nateras O, Peng Q, De La Garza BH, Duong TQ. Anatomical, blood oxygenation level-dependent, and blood flow mri of nonhuman primate (baboon) retina. Magn Reson Med. 2011; 66(2):546\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.22853.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20326","volume":"53","author":"L Pop-Fanea","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pop-Fanea L, Vallespin SN, Hutchison JMS, Forrester JV, Seton HC, Foster MA, Liversidge J. Evaluation of mri for in vivo monitoring of retinal damage and detachment in experimental ocular inflammation. Magn Reson Med. 2005; 53(1):61\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.20326.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"3108_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5662","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14561","volume":"55","author":"LC Ho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ho LC, Sigal IA, Jan N-J, Squires A, Tse Z, Wu EX, Kim S-G, Schuman JS, Chan KC. Magic angle\u2013enhanced mri of fibrous microstructures in sclera and cornea with and without intraocular pressure loading. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014; 55(9):5662\u201372.","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3108_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12657","volume":"59","author":"EK Sta\u0144czyk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sta\u0144czyk EK, Velasco Gallego ML, Nowak M, Hatt J-M, Kircher PR, Carrera I. 3.0 tesla magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the central nervous system, eye, and inner ear in birds of prey. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2018; 59(6):705\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.12657.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"issue":"4","key":"3108_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1617-9","volume":"249","author":"I Sanchez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sanchez I, Martin R, Ussa F, Fernandez-Bueno I. The parameters of the porcine eyeball. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011; 249(4):475\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-011-1617-9.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3108_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.3109\/2000656X.2015.1041969","volume":"49","author":"D Krohn-Hansen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krohn-Hansen D, Zhang L, Haaskjold E, Meling TR, Nicolaissen B, Sjaastad I. Surgical anatomy of the superior orbit on ultra-high-resolution mri at 9.4 tesla. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2015; 49(5):284\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/2000656X.2015.1041969.","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3108_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2008.00427.x","volume":"49","author":"SAEB Boroffka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boroffka SAEB, G\u00f6orig C, Auriemma E, Passon-Vastenburg MHAC, Voorhout G, Barthez PY. Magnetic resonance imaging of the canine optic nerve. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49(6):540\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2008.00427.x.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12083","volume":"55","author":"S Joslyn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Joslyn S, Richards S, Boroffka S, Mitchell M, Hammond G, Sullivan M. Magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement of extra-ocular muscles in dogs with no clinical evidence of orbital disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2014; 55(1):63\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.12083.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12108","volume":"18","author":"A Briganti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Briganti A, Barsotti G, Portela DA, Di Nieri C, Breghi G. Effects of rocuronium bromide on globe position and respiratory function in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs: a comparison between three different dosages. Vet Ophthalmol. 2015; 18(2):89\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12108.","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3108_CR21","unstructured":"Penninck D, d\u2019Anjou M-A, (eds).Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography, 2nd Edition. Wiley; 2015."},{"issue":"7","key":"3108_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089","volume":"9","author":"CA Schneider","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schneider CA, Rasband WS, Eliceiri KW. Nih image to imagej: 25 years of image analysis. Nat Methods. 2012; 9(7):671\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2089.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"3108_CR23","unstructured":"Visser F. Optimizing SPIR and SPAIR Fat Suppression. Application Tip. Philips NetForum Community. Philips. http:\/\/mriquestions.com\/uploads\/3\/4\/5\/7\/34572113\/optimizing_spir_and_spair_fat_suppression.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1987.tb01726.x","volume":"28","author":"DA Hager","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hager DA, Dziezyc J, Millchamp NJ. Two-dimensional real-time ocular ultrasonography in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1987; 28(2):60\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1987.tb01726.x.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol"},{"key":"3108_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cavaro-Menard C, Zhang L, Le Callet P. Diagnostic quality assessment of medical images: Challenges and trends. In: 2010 2nd European Workshop on Visual Information Processing (EUVIP): 2010. p. 277\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EUVIP.2010.5699147.","DOI":"10.1109\/EUVIP.2010.5699147"},{"issue":"3","key":"3108_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12074","volume":"17","author":"AF Alario","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alario AF, Pirie CG. Central corneal thickness measurements in normal dogs: a comparison between ultrasound pachymetry and optical coherence tomography. Vet Ophthalmol. 2014; 17(3):207\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12074.","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3108_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.009","volume":"118","author":"KJ Hoffer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoffer KJ. Definition of acd. Ophthalmology. 2011; 118(7):1484.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3108_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12023","volume":"54","author":"PV Scrivani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scrivani PV, Fletcher DJ, Cooley SD, Rosenblatt AJ, Erb HN. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter in dogs with and without presumed intracranial hypertension. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2013; 54(3):263\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.12023.","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR29","first-page":"161","volume":"18","author":"Y Amano","year":"1997","unstructured":"Amano Y, Amano M, Kumazaki T. Normal contrast enhancement of extraocular muscles: fat-suppressed mr findings. Am J Neuroradiol. 1997; 18(1):161\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10008-1105","volume":"6","author":"M He","year":"2012","unstructured":"He M, Wang D, Jiang Y. Overview of ultrasound biomicroscopy. J Curr Glaucoma Pract. 2012; 6(1):25\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10008-1105.","journal-title":"J Curr Glaucoma Pract"},{"key":"3108_CR31","unstructured":"Bushberg JT, Seibert JA, Leidhold EM, Boone JM. The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging, Third Edition: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012."},{"key":"3108_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-2470-9","volume-title":"Ultrasound Biomicroscopy of the Eye","author":"CJ Pavlin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pavlin CJ, Foster F. Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Anatomy of the Normal Eye and Adnex In: Pavlin CJ, Foster F, editors. Ultrasound Biomicroscopy of the Eye. New York: Springer: 1995. p. 47\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4612-2470-9_4."},{"issue":"1","key":"3108_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.188.1.8511302","volume":"188","author":"JD Rubenstein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rubenstein JD, Kim JK, Morova-Protzner I, Stanchev PL, Henkelman RM. Effects of collagen orientation on mr imaging characteristics of bovine articular cartilage. Radiology. 1993; 188(1):219\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.188.1.8511302.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3108_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mai W. Diagnostic MRI in Dogs and Cats (Chap. Chapter 6.3 Eye and orbit): CRC press; 2018, pp. 362\u201379.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315121055"},{"issue":"5","key":"3108_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22935","volume":"66","author":"ER Muir","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muir ER, Duong TQ. Layer-specific functional and anatomical mri of the retina with passband balanced ssfp. Magn Reson Med. 2011; 66(5):1416\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.22935.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"46","key":"3108_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17525","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605790103","volume":"103","author":"H Cheng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cheng H, Nair G, Walker TA, Kim MK, Pardue MT, Thul\u00e9 PM, Olson DE, Duong TQ. Structural and functional mri reveals multiple retinal layers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006; 103(46):17525\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0605790103.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"3108_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20549","volume":"23","author":"Q Shen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shen Q, Cheng H, Pardue MT, Chang TF, Nair G, Vo VT, Shonat RD, Duong TQ. Magnetic resonance imaging of tissue and vascular layers in the cat retina. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006; 23(4):465\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.20549.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"3108_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7232","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7623","volume":"52","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Nateras OSE, Peng Q, Kuranov RV, Harrison JM, Milner TE, Duong TQ. Lamina-Specific Anatomic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Retina. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52(10):7232\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.11-7623.","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"3108_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2018.02.007","volume":"47","author":"L Fanea","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fanea L. Reference 3 t mri parameters of the normal human eye. Phys Med. 2018; 47:50\u20137.","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3108_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.322105761","volume":"32","author":"DT Ginat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ginat DT, Meyers SP. Intracranial lesions with high signal intensity on t1-weighted mr images: Differential diagnosis. RadioGraphics. 2012; 32(2):499\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.322105761.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"6","key":"3108_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12452","volume":"20","author":"S Stadler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stadler S, Dennler M, Hetzel U, Del Chicca F, Hoey S, Spiess BM, Voelter K, Pot SA. Sub-tenon\u2019s injection in equine cadaver eyes: Mri visualization of anesthetic fluid distribution and comparison of two different volumes. Vet Ophthalmol. 2017; 20(6):488\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12452.","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3108_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01412-5","volume":"35","author":"MJ Chua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chua MJ, Lersch F, Chua AWY, Kumar CM, Eke T. Sub-tenon\u2019s anaesthesia for modern eye surgery\u2014clinicians\u2019 perspective, 30 years after re-introduction. Eye. 2021; 35(5):1295\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-021-01412-5.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"3108_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2003.4.3.265","volume":"4","author":"HC Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee HC, Choi HJ, Choi MC, Yoon JH. Ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter in normal dogs. J Vet Sci. 2003; 4(3):265\u201368.","journal-title":"J Vet Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3108_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1494-4","volume":"35","author":"R Copetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Copetti R, Cattarossi L. Optic nerve ultrasound: artifacts and real images. Intensive Care Med. 2009; 35(8):1488\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-009-1494-4.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T05:04:34Z","timestamp":1644469474000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-021-03108-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This prospective study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines and the Swiss animal welfare act. The study was approved by the governmental authorities (animal permission number ZH273\/16).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"67"}}