{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T04:14:10Z","timestamp":1794111250674,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and sheep pox and goat pox are three important infectious diseases that infect goats, sheep and other small ruminants. It is well-known that the prevention of three diseases rely mainly on their individual vaccines. However, the vaccines have a variety of different disadvantages, such as short duration of immunity, increasing the number of vaccinations, and poor thermal stability. The purpose of this study is to construct a recombinant goat pox virus (rGPV) capable of expressing the F gene of PPRV and the P12A3C gene of FMDV as a live vector vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The IRES, FMDV P12A3C and PPRV F genes into the multi-cloning site of the universal transfer plasmid pTKfpgigp to construct a recombinant transfer plasmid pTKfpgigpFiP12A3C, and transfected GPV-infected lamb testis (LT) cells with liposomes and produced by homologous recombination Recombinant GPV (rGPV\/PPRVF-FMDVP12A3C, rGPV). The rGPV was screened and purified by green florescence protein (GFP) and xanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase gene (gpt) of\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      as selective markers, and the expression of rGPV in LT cells was detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence techniques. The results showed that the virus strain rGPV\/PPRVF-FMDVP12A3C containing FMDV P12A3C and PPRV F genes was obtained. The exogenous genes FMDV P12A3C and PPRV F contained in rGPV were normally transcribed and translated in LT cells, and the expression products could specifically react with PPRV and FMDV antiserum. Then, the rGPV was intradermally inoculated with goats, the animal experiments showed that rGPV\/PPRVF-FMDVP12A3C could induce high levels of specific antibodies against GPV, PPRV and FMDV.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The constructed rGPV induced high levels of specific antibodies against GPV, PPRV and FMDV. The study provides a reference for \u201c one vaccine with multiple uses \u201c of GPV live vector vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T23:43:20Z","timestamp":1674258200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the F protein of peste des petits ruminants virus and the P12A3C of foot-and-mouth disease virus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jidong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuepeng","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3529_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904630","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.904630","volume":"9","author":"T Chanchaidechachai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chanchaidechachai T, Saatkamp H, Inchaisri C, Hogeveen H. Analysis of Epidemiological and Economic Impact of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Four District Areas in Thailand. Front Vet Sci. 2022;9:904630.","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"3529_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594753","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.594753","volume":"7","author":"T Marschik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marschik T, Kopacka I, Stockreiter S, Schmoll F, Hiesel J, Hoflechner-Poltl A, et al. The Epidemiological and Economic Impact of a Potential Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreak in Austria. Front Vet Sci. 2020;7:594753.","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"3529_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2084","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14544","volume":"69","author":"WT Jemberu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jemberu WT, Knight-Jones TJD, Gebru A, Mekonnen SA, Yirga A, Sibhatu D, et al. Economic impact of a peste des petits ruminants outbreak and vaccination cost in northwest Ethiopia. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022;69(5):e2084\u201392.","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"3529_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu B, Liang R, Zhang S, Sun X, Li F, Qiu S, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics analysis and potential distribution prediction of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in China from 2007-2018. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022;69(5):2747\u201363.","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14426"},{"issue":"5","key":"3529_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9050902","volume":"9","author":"J Hamdi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamdi J, Munyanduki H, Omari Tadlaoui K, El Harrak M, Fassi Fihri O. Caperipoxvirus Infections in Ruminants: A Review. Microorganisms. 2021;9(5):902.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"7","key":"3529_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.74","volume":"9","author":"A Sen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sen A, Saravanan P, Balamurugan V, Rajak KK, Sudhakar SB, Bhanuprakash V, et al. Vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2010;9(7):785\u201396.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"24","key":"3529_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01471","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01471-18","volume":"92","author":"S Hodgson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hodgson S, Moffat K, Hill H, Flannery JT, Graham SP, Baron MD, et al. Comparison of the Immunogenicities and Cross-Lineage Efficacies of Live Attenuated Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Vaccines PPRV\/Nigeria\/75\/1 and PPRV\/Sungri\/96. J Virol. 2018;92(24):e01471\u201318.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3529_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.3390\/v11080724","volume":"11","author":"RJ Eloiflin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eloiflin RJ, Boyer M, Kwiatek O, Guendouz S, Loire E, Servan de Almeida R, et al. Evolution of Attenuation and Risk of Reversal in Peste des Petits Ruminants Vaccine Strain Nigeria 75\/1. Viruses. 2019;11(8):724.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"3529_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-021-00178-w","volume":"25","author":"Y Tesfaye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tesfaye Y, Khan F, Gelaye E. Vaccine matching and antigenic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes O and A from 2018 Ethiopian isolates. Int Microbiol. 2022;25(1):47\u201359.","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"issue":"35","key":"3529_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.07.001","volume":"39","author":"B Jackson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jackson B, Harvey Y, Perez-Martin E, Wilsden G, Juleff N, Charleston B, et al. The selection of naturally stable candidate foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine strains for East Africa. Vaccine. 2021;39(35):5015\u201324.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"3529_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-78","volume":"10","author":"YZ Ding","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ding YZ, Chen HT, Zhang J, Zhou JH, Ma LN, Zhang L, et al. An overview of control strategy and diagnostic technology for foot-and-mouth disease in China. Virol J. 2013;10:78.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3529_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.146","volume":"10","author":"Z Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Z, Liu J. The current state of vaccines used in the field for foot and mouth disease virus in China. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2011;10(1):13\u20135.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"3529_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.07.008","volume":"157","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Li Y, Bai B, Fang J, Zhang K, Yin X, et al. Construction of an attenuated goatpox virus AV41 strain by deleting the TK gene and ORF8-18. Antivir Res. 2018;157:111\u20139.","journal-title":"Antivir Res"},{"issue":"30","key":"3529_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.04.102","volume":"28","author":"W Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen W, Hu S, Qu L, Hu Q, Zhang Q, Zhi H, et al. A goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep. Vaccine. 2010;28(30):4742\u201350.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"7","key":"3529_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(93)90258-Y","volume":"11","author":"CH Romero","year":"1993","unstructured":"Romero CH, Barrett T, Evans SA, Kitching RP, Gershon PD, Bostock C, et al. Single capripoxvirus recombinant vaccine for the protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease. Vaccine. 1993;11(7):737\u201342.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"3529_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.2.1571-1577.2003","volume":"77","author":"G Berhe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Berhe G, Minet C, Le Goff C, Barrett T, Ngangnou A, Grillet C, et al. Development of a dual recombinant vaccine to protect small ruminants against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus and capripoxvirus infections. J Virol. 2003;77(2):1571\u20137.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3529_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00013-10","volume":"17","author":"D Chandran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chandran D, Naidu SS, Sugumar P, Rani GS, Vijayan SP, Mathur D, et al. Development of a recombinant epsilon toxoid vaccine against enterotoxemia and its use as a combination vaccine with live attenuated sheep pox virus against enterotoxemia and sheep pox. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010;17(6):1013\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3529_CR18","first-page":"813","volume":"54","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li R, Ji T, Zhao Q, et al. Characterization of a recombinant goatpox virus expressing Orfv F1L gene. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2014;54(7):813\u201320.","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao"},{"issue":"19","key":"3529_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9039","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.19.9039-9047.2000","volume":"74","author":"SC Das","year":"2000","unstructured":"Das SC, Baron MD, Barrett T. Recovery and characterization of a chimeric rinderpest virus with the glycoproteins of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus: homologous F and H proteins are required for virus viability. J Virol. 2000;74(19):9039\u201347.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3529_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2013.05.002","volume":"154","author":"Y Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Y, Liu G, Chen Z, Li C, Shi L, Li W, et al. Recombinant adenovirus expressing F and H fusion proteins of peste des petits ruminants virus induces both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in goats. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013;154(1\u20132):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"3529_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6124030","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6124030","volume":"2019","author":"BBM Gaafar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaafar BBM, Ali SA, Abd-Elrahman KA, Almofti YA. Immunoinformatics Approach for Multiepitope Vaccine Prediction from H, M, F, and N Proteins of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus. J Immunol Res. 2019;2019:6124030.","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"3529_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2075(08)60066-7","volume":"48","author":"J Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li J, Liu Y, Liu X, Shang Y, Liu J, An F, et al. Screening and stability of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell strain co-expressing the capsid precursor protein P1-2A gene and the protease 3C gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2008;48(11):1520\u20135.","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao"},{"key":"3529_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2018.07.010","volume":"522","author":"T Kristensen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kristensen T, Newman J, Guan SH, Tuthill TJ, Belsham GJ. Cleavages at the three junctions within the foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid precursor (P1-2A) by the 3C protease are mutually independent. Virology. 2018;522:260\u201370.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"3529_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2017.11.015","volume":"514","author":"F Fakri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fakri F, Bamouh Z, Ghzal F, Baha W, Tadlaoui K, Fihri OF, et al. Comparative evaluation of three capripoxvirus-vectored peste des petits ruminants vaccines. Virology. 2018;514:211\u20135.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"3529_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2018.01.001","volume":"197","author":"E Ayari-Fakhfakh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ayari-Fakhfakh E, Ghram A, Albina E, Cetre-Sossah C. Expression of cytokines following vaccination of goats with a recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine expressing Rift Valley fever virus proteins. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018;197:15\u201320.","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"3529_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00450","volume":"6","author":"M Teffera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teffera M, Babiuk S. Potential of Using Capripoxvirus Vectored Vaccines Against Arboviruses in Sheep, Goats, and Cattle. Front Vet Sci. 2019;6:450.","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"3529_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.067835-0","volume":"95","author":"WA Burgers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burgers WA, Ginbot Z, Shen YJ, Chege GK, Soares AP, Muller TL, et al. The novel capripoxvirus vector lumpy skin disease virus efficiently boosts modified vaccinia Ankara human immunodeficiency virus responses in rhesus macaques. J Gen Virol. 2014;95(Pt 10):2267\u201372.","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"3529_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2018.08.002","volume":"261","author":"F Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu F, Fan X, Li L, Ren W, Han X, Wu X, et al. Development of recombinant goatpox virus expressing Echinococcus granulosus EG95 vaccine antigen. J Virol Methods. 2018;261:28\u201333.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"3529_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(64)90006-6","volume":"22","author":"DR Dubbs","year":"1964","unstructured":"Dubbs DR, Kit S. Isolation and Properties of Vaccinia Mutants Deficient in Thymidine Kinase-Inducing Activity. Virology. 1964;22:214\u201325.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"3529_CR30","first-page":"3403","volume":"5","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chakrabarti S, Brechling K, Moss B. Vaccinia virus expression vector: coexpression of beta-galactosidase provides visual screening of recombinant virus plaques. Mol Cell Biol. 1985;5(12):3403\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3529_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(98)00156-2","volume":"220","author":"J Dominguez","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dominguez J, Lorenzo MM, Blasco R. Green fluorescent protein expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus permits early detection of infected cells by flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods. 1998;220(1\u20132):115\u201321.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"3529_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2168-4_11","volume":"2465","author":"H Boshra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boshra H, Teffera M, Cao J, Babiuk S. Cloning Strategies for the Generation of Recombinant Capripoxvirus Through the Use of Screening and Selection Markers. Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2465:195\u2013207.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3529_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.62.6.1849-1854.1988","volume":"62","author":"FG Falkner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Falkner FG, Moss B. Escherichia coli gpt gene provides dominant selection for vaccinia virus open reading frame expression vectors. J Virol. 1988;62(6):1849\u201354.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3529_CR34","first-page":"2042","volume":"36","author":"J Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li J, Cai X. Construction of universal transfer vector used in goat pox virus recombination. Zhong Guo Shou Yi Xue Bao. 2016;36(12):2042\u20138.","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Shou Yi Xue Bao"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T23:44:49Z","timestamp":1674258289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-022-03529-5","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1891856\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experiment was performed following the operational guidelines of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The study was reviewed and approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Ningxia University (No. NXU-ACAU-2022-039) and was reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18"}}