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Two different anesthetic protocols were used: inhalation using isoflurane (ISO) and combined\u2014inhalation and epidural (EPI) with propofol being the induction agent.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant differences were found in ISO group in pH values, pCO2 levels and Apgar scores between puppies at different extraction times (&lt;\u200930 vs.\u2009\u2265\u200930\u00a0min). In ISO group puppies extracted later were more acidic (7.16 vs. 7.22), had higher levels of pCO2 (69 vs. 57\u00a0mmHg) and lower Apgar scores at birth (1.2 vs. 2.5). On the contrary, in EPI group no differences were observed between the delivery time, umbilical blood gas parameters and puppies\u2019 vitality. Furthermore, the dams from the EPI group required lower concentrations of isoflurane (MAC 1.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19 vs.1.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Multiple pregnancies frequent in dogs lead to significant differences in extraction times between the first and the last puppy during cesarean section. Obtained results showed that the mode of anesthesia and the surgical time would influence the neonatal outcome during cesarean section in dogs. The higher concentration of isoflurane with the longer time of exposure had a negative effect on the initial newborn vitality as well as the umbilical cord blood gas parameters. Therefore, when performing CS in giant dog breeds or expecting many puppies in the litter, it is worth considering epidural component that allow for lower concentrations of inhalant agents, which may contribute to a better clinical condition of newborns.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-023-03607-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T11:03:35Z","timestamp":1676286215000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of 2 anesthetic protocols and surgical timing during cesarean section on neonatal vitality and umbilical cord blood parameters"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Anto\u0144czyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zdzis\u0142aw","family":"Kie\u0142bowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Ni\u017ca\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Ochota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3607_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2018.01.007","volume":"190","author":"JM Vilar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vilar JM, Batista M, P\u00e9rez R, Zagorskaia A, Jouanisson E, D\u00edaz-Bertrana L, et al. 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