{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]],"date-time":"2024-02-04T00:27:58Z","timestamp":1707006478693},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center in Poland","award":["2011\/02\/A\/NZ5\/00338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011\/02\/A\/NZ5\/00338"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Intrauterine devices (IUD) are used in the veterinary practice as the non-pharmacological method of oestrus suppression in mares. When placed in the uterus, IUD create a physical contact with the endometrium that mimics the presence of an equine embryo. However, the mechanism of their action has not been fully elucidated. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of mechanical stimulation of IUD on mare`s endometrium in both in vitro and in vivo study. For this purpose, we demonstrated the effect of IUD on prostaglandin (PG) F<jats:sub>2\u03b1<\/jats:sub> and PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> secretion, and mRNA transcription of genes involved in PG synthesis pathway in equine endometrial cells in vitro. In the in vivo study, we aimed to compare short-term effect of IUD inserted on day 0 (oestrus) with day 5\u20136 post-ovulation (the specific time when embryo reaches uterus after fertilization) on PG secretion from equine endometrium. To determine the long-term effect on <jats:italic>PG synthase<\/jats:italic> mRNA transcription, a single endometrial biopsy was taken only once within each group of mares at certain time points of the estrous cycle from mares placement with IUD on days 0 or 5\u20136 post-ovualtion.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We showed for the first time that the incubation of the endometrial cells with the presence of IUD altered the pattern of <jats:italic>PG synthase<\/jats:italic> mRNA transcription in equine epithelial and stromal endometrial cells. In vivo, in mares placement with IUD on day 0, PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentrations in blood plasma were upregulated between 1 and 6, and at 10\u00a0h after the IUD insertion, compared with the control mares (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Moreover, the decrease of <jats:italic>PTGFS<\/jats:italic> mRNA transcription on day 16- 18, associated with an elevation in <jats:italic>PTGES<\/jats:italic> mRNA transcription on day 20 -21 of the estrous cycle in endometrial biopsies collected from mares placement with IUD on days 5\u20136 suggest an antiluteolytic action of IUD during the estrous cycle.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conclude that the application of IUD may mimic the equine conceptus presence through the physical contact with the endometrium altering <jats:italic>PG synthase<\/jats:italic> transcription, and act as a potent modulator of endometrial PG secretion both in vitro and in vivo.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T08:02:52Z","timestamp":1706947372000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intrauterine devices influence prostaglandin secretion by equine uterus: in vitro and in vivo studies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna Karolina","family":"Piotrowska-Tomala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka Walentyna","family":"Jonczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sz\u00f3stek-Mioduchowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuo","family":"Hojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"\u017bebrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terttu","family":"Katila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graca","family":"Ferreira-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariusz Jan","family":"Skarzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3889_CR1","first-page":"395","volume":"27","author":"L Hershman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hershman L, Douglas RH. 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Biol Reprod. 2017;96:414\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.116.140533.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T08:04:20Z","timestamp":1706947460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-024-03889-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present authors ensured that their manuscript reported adheres to the arrive guidelines for the reporting of animal experiments. This statement address to their manuscript that these guidelines were followed: EU Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes (22 September 2010; no 2010\/63\/EU), the Polish Parliament Act on Animal Protection (21 August 1997, Dz.U. 1997 No 111 poz. 724) with further updates \u2013 the Polish Parliament Act on the protection of animals used for scientific or educational purposes (15 January 2015, Dz.U. 2015 pos. 266). All animal procedures were designed to avoid or minimize discomfort, distress and pain to the animals, moreover, were reviewed and accepted following the guidelines of the Local Ethics Committee for Experiments on Animals in Olsztyn, Poland (Agreements No. 51\/2011). Experimental protocols were approved by a Local Ethics Committee for Experiments on Animals in Olsztyn, Poland. Moreover, written owner informed consent was available through farm manager.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"46"}}