{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:32:57Z","timestamp":1787020377530,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of primary, intraocular tumors in cats originate from the uvea and include feline diffuse iris melanoma, lymphoma, and iridociliary epithelial adenoma or adenocarcinoma. In this case report, we describe for the first time the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical findings of a rare myxoid intraocular neoplasm arising from the ciliary body in a cat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 14-year-old, female, spayed domestic shorthaired cat was presented for evaluation of discolouration of the right eye. Upon examination, a clear to light whitish-tan, bubble-shaped intraocular mass adherent to the inferior ciliary body and extending into the anterior chamber was noted. Within five weeks, the tumor was significantly larger and the eye had developed secondary glaucoma so was enucleated. Light microscopic examination of the globe revealed a multinodular, hypocellular neoplasm arising from the ciliary body composed of interwoven spindle cells embedded in abundant amounts of a lightly basophilic myxoid matrix. Neoplastic cells exhibited strong immunoreactivity for cytokeratin while also showing moderate to strong immunoreactivity to vimentin. A diagnosis was therefore made of an unusual intraocular myxoid epithelioid sarcoma arising from the ciliary body.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although apparently exceedingly rare, epithelioid myxosarcoma should be included as a differential diagnosis for intraocular tumors in cats and they represent a clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical diagnostic challenge. Early surgical intervention should be considered to prevent local invasion and ascension to the brain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T03:02:12Z","timestamp":1727751732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ciliary body myxoid epithelioid sarcoma in a cat: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Marina L","family":"Leis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Sayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce H","family":"Grahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"4286_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grahn B, Peiffer R, Wilcock B. Histologic basis of ocular disease in animals. Wiley; 2018.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119108603"},{"issue":"4","key":"4286_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.4.460","volume":"15","author":"KT Wiggans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wiggans KT, Skorupski KA, Reilly CM, Frazier SA, Dubielzig RR, Maggs DJ. Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985\u20132013). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Feb 2014;244(4):460\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.244.4.460","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc Feb"},{"key":"4286_CR3","unstructured":"Dubielzig RR, Ketring KL, McLellan GJ, Albert DM. Veterinary Ocular Pathology - a comparative review. I ed. Sauders Elsevier; 2010."},{"key":"4286_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2022.12.007","volume":"201","author":"A Salih","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salih A, Moore D, Giannikaki S, Scurrell E. Malignant ocular teratoid medulloepithelioma in two cats. J Comp Pathol. Feb 2023;201:10\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpa.2022.12.007","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol Feb"},{"issue":"12","key":"4286_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2014-0061-RA","volume":"138","author":"F Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin F, Liu H. Immunohistochemistry in undifferentiated neoplasm\/tumor of uncertain origin. Arch Pathol Lab Med. Dec 2014;138(12):1583\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/arpa.2014-0061-RA","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med Dec"},{"key":"4286_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Armah HB, Parwani AV. Epithelioid sarcoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. May 2009;133(5):814\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/133.5.814","DOI":"10.5858\/133.5.814"},{"issue":"5","key":"4286_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2010.03688.x","volume":"57","author":"U Flucke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flucke U, Hulsebos TJ, van Krieken JH, Mentzel T. Myxoid epithelioid sarcoma: a diagnostic challenge. A report on six cases. Histopathology. Nov 2010;57(5):753\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2010.03688.x","journal-title":"Histopathology Nov"},{"issue":"1","key":"4286_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2009.00749.x","volume":"13","author":"P Labelle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Labelle P, Holmberg BJ. Ocular myxoid leiomyosarcoma in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. Jan 2010;13(1):58\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2009.00749.x","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol Jan"},{"issue":"3","key":"4286_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2003.00289.x","volume":"6","author":"M Richter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Richter M, Stankeova S, Hauser B, Scharf G, Spiess BM. Myxosarcoma in the eye and brain in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. Sep 2003;6(3):183\u20139.","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol Sep"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T03:03:51Z","timestamp":1727751831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04286-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ocular tissues were fixed and processed routinely as per any clinical ophthalmic case. This study did not influence in any way the recommended therapy and enucleation in this cat. The owner provided consent for their cat to participate in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the owner of the cat for publication of the case report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"442"}}