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The advantages that the Japanese quail has, such as heavy egg production and high-quality meat with low cholesterol and fat contents, Moreover, the Japanese quail is easily managed, with high feeding conversion, low cost of investment, and high rate of returns. Salivary glands are a part of the lingual apparatus that secretes serios and mucous saliva. Whereas, the saliva secretions have different roles in the food variation, apprehension, and moisture of food bolus. The morphological and cytochemical analysis are done on 20 healthy\n                      <jats:italic>Japanese<\/jats:italic>\n                      quail embryos of 6\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 10\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 11\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and 13\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      days of incubation and 25 healthy quail chicks at hatching day old, 7\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 14\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 30\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and 60\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      days old. These samples are investigated histologically, histochemically, and scanned by electron microscopy serially. Our purpose of the study is to highlight the area of the oropharyngeal salivary glands and their role in food variation, as few studies spoke about that in Japanese quail.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primordia of the sublingual and mandibular salivary glands were noticed at the 6th and 10th days of the prehatching respectively as an epithelial bud. After hatching, both primordia were elongated and differentiated into secretory units. These glands were mucous polystomatic tubulo-alveolar paired glands, which were situated in the submucosa of the oropharyngeal floor (sublingual floor and paralingual grooves). The sublingual glands consisted of 3\u20135 lobes extended from the two Os ceratobranchial by their wide ends caudally, to beyond the median sulcus of the prefrenular part of the sublingual space rostrally. The taste buds were variable in size and position. The mandibular glands lay on the paralingual groove, which arose at the 10-day old embryo. The mandibular glands were located dorsomedial to the sublingual glands and extended longitudinally from the rostral border of the frenulum linguae to the caudal tips of the sublingual glands. The taste buds decreased in volume and number with advancing age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, salivary glands increase in their alcianophilic activity of the secretions with advancing age, which indicates low PH within the secretory end pieces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T22:08:52Z","timestamp":1731362932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developmental studies of the sublingual and mandibular salivary glands in Japanese quails (Coturinx coturinx japonica)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3515-1063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud Osman","family":"Khalifa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Abd-Elkareem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wafaa","family":"Gaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelmohaimen Mostafa","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4355_CR1","volume-title":"Birds their structure and function","author":"AS King","year":"1984","unstructured":"King AS, Mclelland J. 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Pak J Bio Sci. 2001;4(11):14251428.","journal-title":"Pak J Bio Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T10:06:17Z","timestamp":1731405977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4355"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-024-04355-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3958585\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee and by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, license No. (06\/2023\/0051), and was carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This research was done in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines and regulations (\n                      \n                      ). All national and institutional guidelines for animal care and use have been followed throughout the study procedures.We confirm that informed consent was obtained from all owners.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent of publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"512"}}