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The crested ibis (<jats:italic>Nipponia nippon<\/jats:italic>) is a globally endangered avian species with a limited population and is vulnerable for various infections. To gain a better understanding of the prevalence of <jats:italic>P. shigelloides<\/jats:italic> in the endangered crested ibis, fecal samples from the crested ibis at the Xiazhu Lake Crested Ibis Breeding Research Center, China were collected and analyzed. The results confirmed that 45.6% (36\/79) of the fecal samples tested positive for <jats:italic>P. shigelloides<\/jats:italic>. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that 27.8% (10\/36) of <jats:italic>P. shigelloides<\/jats:italic> isolates were multidrug-resistant, with resistance to ampicillin and amikacin being 100% and 77.8%, respectively. Subsequently, ten representative isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing, and resistance and virulence genes were analyzed. The evolutionary tree of the genomes show that these strains have different origins, with one strain closely related to a strain from human. Finally, the pathogenicity experiment demonstrated that several strains exhibit pathogenicity in both mice and waterfowl, with two strains displaying lethal pathogenicity in mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of multidrug-resistant and pathogenic <jats:italic>P. shigelloides<\/jats:italic> isolated from the crested ibis, suggesting a potential threat to this endangered species and broader public health implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-04755-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T09:20:10Z","timestamp":1745918410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First report of multidrug-resistant and pathogenic Plesiomonas shigelloides from endangered crested ibis (Nipponia nippon)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lele","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuanyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wulin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Houhui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongchun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4755_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.12581","volume":"17","author":"F Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu F, Sun Y, Wang T, Skidmore AK, Ding C, Ye X. 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We only collected feces from the cages of the crested ibises and did not perform any procedures on these birds, minimizing the impact on them. The animals\u2019 experiments were conducted in accordance with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals approved by the State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China. The protocol received approval from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Zhejiang A&F University (Permit Number: ZAFUAC2023001).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"299"}}