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Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University (Approval No. IR.IAU.SHK.REC.2023.104, dated April 15, 2023). All procedures adhered to national and institutional ethical standards.This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University. Written informed consent was obtained from all farm owners prior to the collection of fecal samples from poultry and cattle. All procedures involving animals were carried out in accordance with institutional guidelines and ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"549"}}