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However, their utility for secondary purposes depends on data quality and the consistency of recorded findings. This study aims to describe the data recorded during the slaughter process for Norwegian pigs, the feasibility of combining datasets, and estimate the contribution of farm, abattoir, and external factors to the overall variation in recorded findings, using meat inspection records from October 2021 to March 2024 from 15 abattoirs, comprising 75 828 batches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meat inspection data are recorded at three stages of the pig slaughter process, resulting in three separate databases. Merging of these datasets was not possible at the individual pig level with adequate completeness, and substantial manual data processing was required to combine data at the batch level. Post-mortem inspection is conducted at two stages: routine inspection of all carcasses, recorded as \u201cextended disease registrations\u201d (EDR) and assessment of carcasses suspected of requiring condemnation, documented as \u201cpost-mortem findings\u201d. The variation in the most frequent EDR findings and post-mortem findings was estimated using variance partitioning. EDR findings showed low variation between abattoirs, particularly for \u201cpericarditis and\/or pleuritis\u201d and \u201copen tail wounds\u201d, suggesting consistent detection between abattoirs. In contrast, the post-mortem findings \u00absystemic disease\u00bb, \u201cabscesses\/phlegmons\u201d and \u201cgastrointestinal disease\u201d showed substantial abattoir-level variance, indicating inconsistencies in recording practices. Season had minimal effect on the variance components, while day of week only affected the post-mortem finding \u00abgastrointestinal disease\u00bb.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EDR findings were consistently detected across abattoirs, suggesting their potential as a reliable source for animal health and welfare surveillance. In contrast, substantial variation in certain post-mortem findings highlights the need for harmonization and standardization of recording practices. Future improvements in data quality and traceability are essential for robust secondary use of meat inspection data in surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:20:08Z","timestamp":1773206408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Meat inspection of pigs slaughtered in Norwegian abattoirs: insights from variance partitioning analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Kristine Paulsen","family":"Eggen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilde","family":"Vinje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Kielland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marit","family":"Nesje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingeborg","family":"Sveinsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Toftaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"5401_CR1","unstructured":"Regulation (EU). 2017\/625 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2017 on official controls and other official activities performed to ensure the application of food and feed law, rules on animal health and welfare, plant health and plant protection products. 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Prev Vet Med. 2025:106556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2025.106556.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2025.106556"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T19:52:17Z","timestamp":1781639537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-026-05401-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-6148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The use of register data was approved by Sikt \u2013 Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research (reference 213232). This study was conducted in accordance with relevant national legislation and institutional guidelines. As this was a retrospective observational study utilizing routinely recorded register data no experimental procedures or interventions were performed on animals. Consequently, ethical approval for the use for research animals was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The first author is an employee in the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA). IS was employed in NFSA during part of the time this article was prepared. The NFSA provided data access and partial funding but was not otherwise involved in the study. HV, CK, MN and IT declare no competing interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"240"}}