{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:32:57Z","timestamp":1787020377501,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Syst Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T05:14:18Z","timestamp":1542604458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Novel EM based ML Kalman estimation framework for superresolution of stochastic three-states microtubule signal"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Vineetha","family":"Menon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shantia","family":"Yarahmadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Rezania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"631_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2194","volume":"8","author":"C Ballatore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ballatore C, Lee VM-Y, Trojanowski JQ. Tau-mediated neurodegeneration in alzheimer\u2019s disease and related disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007; 8(9):663\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"631_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1831","volume":"7","author":"MJ Farrer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Farrer MJ. Genetics of parkinson disease: paradigm shifts and future prospects. Nat Rev Genet. 2006; 7(4):306\u201318.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"10","key":"631_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1714","volume":"5","author":"GJ Kops","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kops GJ, Weaver BA, Cleveland DW. On the road to cancer: aneuploidy and the mitotic checkpoint. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005; 5(10):773\u201385.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"5991","key":"631_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/312237a0","volume":"312","author":"T Mitchison","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mitchison T, Kirschner M, et al.Dynamic instability of microtubule growth. Nature. 1984; 312(5991):237\u201342.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"631_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.5.1735","volume":"93","author":"NR Barton","year":"1996","unstructured":"Barton NR, Goldstein L. Going mobile: microtubule motors and chromosome segregation. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1996; 93(5):1735\u201342.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"631_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.06.044","volume":"16","author":"KS Burbank","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burbank KS, Mitchison TJ. Microtubule dynamic instability. Curr Biol. 2006; 16(14):516\u20137.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"631_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-010-0379-z","volume":"63","author":"S Yarahmadian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yarahmadian S, Barker B, Zumbrun K, Shaw SL. Existence and stability of steady states of a reaction convection diffusion equation modeling microtubule formation. J Math Biol. 2011; 63(3):459\u201392.","journal-title":"J Math Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"631_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1088\/0951-7715\/27\/9\/2165","volume":"27","author":"S Yarahmadian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yarahmadian S, Yari M. Phase transition analysis of the dynamic instability of microtubules. Nonlinearity. 2014; 27(9):2165.","journal-title":"Nonlinearity"},{"issue":"5626","key":"631_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1083529","volume":"300","author":"SL Shaw","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shaw SL, Kamyar R, Ehrhardt DW. Sustained microtubule treadmilling in arabidopsis cortical arrays. Science. 2003; 300(5626):1715\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"631_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4730","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e08-06-0665","volume":"19","author":"JC Ambrose","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ambrose JC, Wasteneys GO. Clasp modulates microtubule-cortex interaction during self-organization of acentrosomal microtubules. Mol Biol Cell. 2008; 19(11):4730\u20137.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"631_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maciejewski MW, Stern AS, King GF, Hoch JC. Nonuniform sampling in biomolecular nmr. In: Modern Magnetic Resonance. Springer: 2008. p. 1305\u201311.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3910-7_142"},{"key":"631_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyberts SG, Arthanari H, Wagner G. Applications of non-uniform sampling and processing. In: Novel Sampling Approaches in Higher Dimensional NMR. Springer: 2011. p. 125\u201348.","DOI":"10.1007\/128_2011_187"},{"issue":"1","key":"631_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177697196","volume":"41","author":"LE Baum","year":"1970","unstructured":"Baum LE, Petrie T, Soules G, Weiss N. A maximization technique occurring in the statistical analysis of probabilistic functions of markov chains. Ann Math Stat. 1970; 41(1):164\u201371.","journal-title":"Ann Math Stat"},{"key":"631_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crouse MS, Nowak RD, Mhirsi K, Baraniuk RG. Wavelet-domain hidden markov models for signal detection and classification. In: Advanced Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VII Vol. 3162. International Society for Optics and Photonics: 1997. p. 36\u201348.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.279500"},{"issue":"4","key":"631_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1109\/78.668544","volume":"46","author":"MS Crouse","year":"1998","unstructured":"Crouse MS, Nowak RD, Baraniuk RG. Wavelet-based statistical signal processing using hidden markov models. IEEE Trans Signal Proc. 1998; 46(4):886\u2013902.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Proc"},{"key":"631_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yarahmadian S, Menon V, Rezania V. On using compressed sensing and peak detection method for the dynamic instability parameters estimation for microtubules modeled in three states. In: Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), 2015 IEEE International Conference On. IEEE: 2015. p. 417\u201320.","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2015.7359718"},{"issue":"3","key":"631_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2012791","volume":"57","author":"M Mishali","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mishali M, Eldar YC. Blind multiband signal reconstruction: Compressed sensing for analog signals. IEEE Trans Signal Process. 2009; 57(3):993\u20131009.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"issue":"7","key":"631_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3687","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.894257","volume":"55","author":"P Vandewalle","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vandewalle P, Sbaiz L, Vandewalle J, Vetterli M. Super-resolution from unregistered and totally aliased signals using subspace methods. IEEE Trans Signal Process. 2007; 55(7):3687\u2013703.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"issue":"1","key":"631_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3662552","volume":"82","author":"RE Kalman","year":"1960","unstructured":"Kalman RE, et al. A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems. J Basic Eng. 1960; 82(1):35\u201345.","journal-title":"J Basic Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"631_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1970.1099344","volume":"15","author":"R Kashyap","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kashyap R. Maximum likelihood identification of stochastic linear systems. IEEE Trans Autom Control. 1970; 15(1):25\u201334.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Autom Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"631_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9892.1982.tb00349.x","volume":"3","author":"RH Shumway","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shumway RH, Stoffer DS. An approach to time series smoothing and forecasting using the em algorithm. J Time Ser Anal. 1982; 3(4):253\u201364.","journal-title":"J Time Ser Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"631_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1109\/89.242489","volume":"1","author":"V Digalakis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Digalakis V, Rohlicek JR, Ostendorf M. Ml estimation of a stochastic linear system with the em algorithm and its application to speech recognition. IEEE Trans Speech Audio Process. 1993; 1(4):431\u201342.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Speech Audio Process"},{"key":"631_CR23","unstructured":"Ghahramani Z, Hinton GE. Parameter estimation for linear dynamical systems. Technical report, Technical Report CRG-TR-96-2, University of Totronto, Dept. of Computer Science. 1996."},{"key":"631_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dempster AP, Laird NM, Rubin DB. Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm. Journal of the royal statistical society. Series B (methodological). J R Stat Soc Ser B Methodol. 1977;:1\u201338.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x"},{"key":"631_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menon V, Yarahmadian S, Rezania V. Superresolution and em based ml kalman estimation of the stochastic microtubule signal modeled as three states random evolution. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE: 2017. p. 686\u201393.","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2017.8217736"},{"key":"631_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2015.07.014","volume":"65","author":"M Mahrooghy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mahrooghy M, Yarahmadian S, Menon V, Rezania V, Tuszynski JA. The use of compressive sensing and peak detection in the reconstruction of microtubules length time series in the process of dynamic instability. Comput Biol Med. 2015; 65:25\u201333.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"631_CR27","volume-title":"In International encyclopedia of statistical science","author":"I Jolliffe","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jolliffe I. Principal Component Analysis. In: In International encyclopedia of statistical science. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer: 2002. p. 1094\u20136."},{"issue":"1","key":"631_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1145\/584091.584093","volume":"5","author":"CE Shannon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shannon CE. A mathematical theory of communication. ACM SIGMOBILE Mob Comput Commun Rev. 2001; 5(1):3\u201355.","journal-title":"ACM SIGMOBILE Mob Comput Commun Rev"},{"key":"631_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pham TH, Ho TB, Nguyen QD, Tran DH, et al. Multivariate mutual information measures for discovering biological networks. In: Computing and Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future (RIVF), 2012 IEEE RIVF International Conference On. IEEE: 2012. p. 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/rivf.2012.6169834"},{"issue":"11","key":"631_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3008","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2018.2821627","volume":"66","author":"Rakesh Malladi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malladi R, Johnson DH, Kalamangalam GP, Tandon N, Aazhang B. Mutual Information in Frequency and Its Application to Measure Cross- Frequency Coupling in Epilepsy. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.01629. 2017; 66(11):3008\u201323.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing"},{"key":"631_CR31","unstructured":"Burrus CS, Gopinath RA, Guo H, Odegard JE, Selesnick IW. Introduction to Wavelets and Wavelet Transforms: a Primer, vol. 1: Prentice hall New Jersey; 1998."},{"issue":"8","key":"631_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1978.1094199","volume":"26","author":"P. Yip","year":"1978","unstructured":"Yip P, Rao K. Energy packing efficiency for the generalized discrete transforms. IEEE Trans Commun. 1978; 26(8):1257\u201362.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"issue":"9","key":"631_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.70.1347","volume":"70","author":"M Dogterom","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dogterom M, Leibler S. Physical aspects of the growth and regulation of microtubule structures. Phys Rev Lett. 1993; 70(9):1347\u201350.","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"631_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.108.132233","volume":"95","author":"V Rezania","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rezania V, Azarenko O, Jordan MA, Bolterauer H, Ludue\u00f1a RF, Huzil JT, Tuszynski JA. Microtubule assembly of isotypically purified tubulin and its mixtures. Biophys J. 2008; 95(4):1993\u20132008.","journal-title":"Biophys J"}],"container-title":["BMC Systems Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T19:12:23Z","timestamp":1574363543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12918-018-0631-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-0509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-0509","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"112"}}