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The <jats:italic>TCF3-HLF<\/jats:italic> translocation is a very rare rearrangement in ALL that is associated with an extremely poor prognosis. The <jats:italic>TCF3-HLF<\/jats:italic> fusion gene in the described case resulted in the fusion of the homeobox-related gene of <jats:italic>TCF3<\/jats:italic> to the leucine zipper domain of <jats:italic>HLF<\/jats:italic>. The <jats:italic>TCF3-HLF<\/jats:italic> fusion gene product acts as a transcriptional factor leading to the dedifferentiation of mature B lymphocytes into an immature state (lymphoid stem cells). This process initiates the formation of pre-leukaemic cells. Due to the rarity of this chromosomal aberration, only a few cases have been described in the literature. The advantage of this work is the presentation of an interesting case of clonal evolution of cancer cells and the cumulative implications (diagnostic and prognostic) of the patient\u2019s genetic alterations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This work presents a patient with diagnosed with <jats:italic>TCF3-HLF<\/jats:italic>-positive ALL. Moreover, the additional genetic alterations, which play a key role in the pathogenesis of ALL, were detected in this patient: deletion of a fragment from the long arm of chromosome 13 (13q12.2-q21.1) containing the <jats:italic>RB1<\/jats:italic> gene, intragenic deletions within the <jats:italic>PAX5<\/jats:italic> gene and <jats:italic>NOTCH1<\/jats:italic> intragenic duplication.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A patient with coexistence of chromosomal alterations and the <jats:italic>TCF3-HLF<\/jats:italic> fusion has not yet been described. Identifying all these chromosomal aberrations at the time of diagnosis could be sufficient to determine the cumulative effects of the described deletions on the activity of other oncogenes or tumour suppressors, as well as on the clinical course of the disease. On the other hand, complex changes in the patient\u2019s karyotype and clonal evolution of cancer cells call into question the effectiveness of experimental therapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-020-0709-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T10:07:53Z","timestamp":1585908473000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comprehensive chromosomal aberrations in a case of a patient with TCF3-HLF-positive BCP-ALL"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8760-0775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Lejman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8326-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"W\u0142odarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7207-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Zawitkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3080-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy R.","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"709_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmra1400972","volume":"373","author":"SP Hunger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hunger SP, Mullighan CG. 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Written, informed consent to participate was obtained from the patient\u2019s parents.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written, informed consent to publish was obtained from the patient\u2019s parents.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"58"}}