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However, that approach yielded a subset of differentially expressed genes without accounting for redundancy between the selected genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is a secondary analysis of a case\u2013control study of the effect of antiretroviral therapy on apoptosis pathway genes comprising of 16 cases (HIV infected with mitochondrial toxicity) and 16 controls (uninfected). We applied the maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) algorithm on the genes that were differentially expressed between the cases and controls. The mRMR algorithm iteratively selects features (genes) that are maximally relevant for class prediction and minimally redundant. We implemented several machine learning classifiers and tested the prediction accuracy of the two mRMR genes. We next used network analysis to estimate and visualize the association among the differentially expressed genes. We employed Markov Random Field or undirected network models to identify gene networks related to mitochondrial toxicity. The Spinglass model was used to identify clusters of gene communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mRMR algorithm ranked DFFA and TNFRSF1A, two of the upregulated proapoptotic genes, on the top. The overall prediction accuracy was 86%, the two mRMR genes correctly classified 86% of the participants into their respective groups. The estimated network models showed different patterns of gene networks. In the network of the cases, FASLG was the most central gene. However, instead of FASLG, ABL1 and LTBR had the highest centrality in controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mRMR algorithm and network analysis revealed a new correlation of genes associated with mitochondrial toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-021-01136-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T15:02:37Z","timestamp":1638370957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Minimum redundancy maximal relevance gene selection of apoptosis pathway genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients with antiretroviral therapy-associated mitochondrial toxicity"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Eliezer","family":"Bose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elijah","family":"Paintsil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musie","family":"Ghebremichael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000233310.90484.16","volume":"43","author":"FJ Palella Jr","year":"2006","unstructured":"Palella FJ Jr, et al. 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The Helenski declaration were followed throughout the study. All participants gave their written informed consent before participation in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Elijah Paintsil and Musie Ghebremichael are editorial board members of BMC Infectious Diseases journal. Other authors do not have a commercial or other association that might pose a conflict of interest, i.e., authors declare that they have no competing interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"285"}}