{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T02:15:51Z","timestamp":1782872151183,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mosquito-borne flaviviruses represent a public health challenge due to the high-rate endemic infections, severe clinical outcomes, and the potential risk of emerging global outbreaks. Flavivirus disease pathogenesis converges on cellular factors from vectors and hosts, and their interactions are still unclear. Exosomes and microparticles are extracellular vesicles released from cells that mediate the intercellular communication necessary for maintaining homeostasis; however, they have been shown to be involved in disease establishment and progression. This review focuses on the roles of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of mosquito-borne flavivirus diseases: how they contribute to viral cycle completion, cell-to-cell transmission, and cellular responses such as inflammation, immune suppression, and evasion, as well as their potential use as biomarkers or therapeutics (antiviral or vaccines). We highlight the current findings concerning the functionality of extracellular vesicles in different models of dengue virus, Zika virus, yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus infections and diseases. The available evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles mediate diverse functions between hosts, constituting novel effectors for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of flaviviral diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:01:50Z","timestamp":1735948910000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of mosquito-borne flaviviruses that impact public health"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9560-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Pablo","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Monroy-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca H.","family":"Ruiz-Ordaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1096_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.3390\/v7041927","volume":"7","author":"BJ Blitvich","year":"2015","unstructured":"Blitvich BJ, Firth AE. Insect-specific flaviviruses: a systematic review of their discovery, host range, mode of transmission, superinfection exclusion potential and genomic organization. Viruses. 2015;7:1927\u201359.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2814","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1996059","volume":"12","author":"SW van Leur","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Leur SW, Heunis T, Munnur D, Sanyal S. Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections. Virulence. 2021;12:2814\u201338.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"1096_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104651","volume":"132","author":"MW Starolis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Starolis MW, Perez O, Powell EA. Clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of emerging arthropod-transmitted viruses: a report from the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology Clinical Practice Committee. J Clin Virol. 2020;132: 104651.","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"1096_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/2049-632X.12178","volume":"71","author":"L Mlera","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mlera L, Melik W, Bloom ME. The role of viral persistence in flavivirus biology. Pathog Dis. 2014;71:137\u201363.","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"1096_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.05.050","volume":"492","author":"A Valderrama","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valderrama A, D\u00edaz Y, L\u00f3pez-Verg\u00e8s S. Interaction of flavivirus with their mosquito vectors and their impact on the human health in the Americas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017;492:541\u20137.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1096_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30010-X","volume":"16","author":"N Wikan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wikan N, Smith DR. Zika virus: history of a newly emerging arbovirus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:e119\u201326.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1096_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15412","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15412","volume":"8","author":"C R\u00fcckert","year":"2017","unstructured":"R\u00fcckert C, Weger-Lucarelli J, Garcia-Luna SM, Young MC, Byas AD, Murrieta RA, et al. Impact of simultaneous exposure to arboviruses on infection and transmission by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Nat Commun. 2017;8:15412.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1096_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2017.12.004","volume":"34","author":"C R\u00fcckert","year":"2018","unstructured":"R\u00fcckert C, Ebel GD. How do virus-mosquito interactions lead to viral emergence? Trends Parasitol. 2018;34:310\u201321.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"1096_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.MR1118-460R","volume":"106","author":"LG Oliveira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oliveira LG, Peron JPS. Viral receptors for flaviviruses: not only gatekeepers. J Leukoc Biol. 2019;106:695\u2013701.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101200","volume":"12","author":"A Caobi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Caobi A, Nair M, Raymond AD. Extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of viral infections in humans. Viruses. 2020;12:1200.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2019.02.003","volume":"25","author":"RE Veerman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Veerman RE, G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcler Akpinar G, Eldh M, Gabrielsson S. Immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles\u2014functions and therapeutic applications. Trends Mol Med. 2019;25:382\u201394.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"1096_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3978","volume":"12","author":"S El Andaloussi","year":"2013","unstructured":"El Andaloussi S, M\u00e4ger I, Breakefield XO, Wood MJ. Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013;12:347\u201357.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"1096_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5066","DOI":"10.3390\/v7092862","volume":"7","author":"M Alenquer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alenquer M, Amorim MJ. Exosome biogenesis, regulation, and function in viral infection. Viruses. 2015;7:5066\u201383.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR14","unstructured":"WHO. Dengue\u2014global situation. 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2023-DON498. Accessed 15 Feb 2024."},{"key":"1096_CR15","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)\u2014Health Information Platform for the Americas (PLISA). Zika. 2023. Available online https:\/\/www3.paho.org\/data\/index.php\/en\/mnu-topics\/zika.html. Accessed 27 Dec 2023."},{"key":"1096_CR16","unstructured":"WHO. Zika epidemiology update\u2014February 2022. Available online https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/zika-epidemiology-update---february-2022. Accessed 27 Dec 2023."},{"key":"1096_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.64.02.106","volume":"64","author":"MN Litvoc","year":"2018","unstructured":"Litvoc MN, Novaes CTG, Lopes MIBF. Yellow fever. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2018;64:106\u201313.","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"1096_CR18","unstructured":"WHO. Yellow fever. 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/yellow-fever. Accessed 15 Feb 2024."},{"key":"1096_CR19","unstructured":"WHO. Japanese encephalitis. 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/japanese-encephalitis. Accessed 15 Feb 2024."},{"key":"1096_CR20","unstructured":"WHO. West Nile virus. 2017. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/west-nile-virus. Accessed 15 Feb 2024."},{"key":"1096_CR21","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). West Nile virus. 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/westnile\/index.html. Accessed 15 Feb 2024."},{"key":"1096_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02180","volume":"9","author":"M Laureti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laureti M, Narayanan D, Rodriguez-Andres J, Fazakerley JK, Kedzierski L. Flavivirus receptors: diversity, identity, and cell entry. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2180.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0714-0","volume":"5","author":"TC Pierson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pierson TC, Diamond MS. The continued threat of emerging flaviviruses. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5:796\u2013812.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-020-01329-7","volume":"17","author":"M Diosa-Toro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Diosa-Toro M, Prasanth K, Bradrick S, Garcia BM. Role of RNA-binding proteins during the late stages of flavivirus replication cycle. Virol J. 2020;17:60.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"1096_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2020.12.007","volume":"46","author":"TR Barnard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barnard TR, Abram QH, Lin QF, Wang AB, Sagan SM. Molecular determinants of flavivirus virion assembly. Trends Biochem Sci. 2021;46:378\u201390.","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"1096_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0210-3","volume":"19","author":"JL Slon Campos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Slon Campos JL, Mongkolsapaya J, Screaton GR. The immune response against flaviviruses. Nat Immunol. 2018;19:1189\u201398.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01132","volume":"6","author":"A Schwab","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwab A, Meyering SS, Lepene B, Iordanskiy S, van Hoek ML, Hakami RM, et al. Extracellular vesicles from infected cells: potential for direct pathogenesis. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:1132.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648167","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1648167","volume":"8","author":"KW Witwer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Witwer KW, Th\u00e9ry C. Extracellular vesicles or exosomes? On primacy, precision, and popularity influencing a choice of nomenclature. J Extracell Vesicles. 2019;8:1648167.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1096_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684862","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1684862","volume":"8","author":"AE Russell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Russell AE, Sneider A, Witwer KW, Bergese P, Bhattacharyya SN, Cocks A, et al. Biological membranes in EV biogenesis, stability, uptake, and cargo transfer: an ISEV position paper arising from the ISEV membranes and EVs workshop. J Extracell Vesicles. 2019;8:1684862.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1096_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2015.01.004","volume":"25","author":"E Cocucci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cocucci E, Meldolesi J. Ectosomes and exosomes: shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles. Trends Cell Biol. 2015;25:364\u201372.","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20389","author":"SJ Gould","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gould SJ, Raposo G. As we wait: coping with an imperfect nomenclature for extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20389.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1096_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535750","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750","volume":"7","author":"C Th\u00e9ry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Th\u00e9ry C, Witwer KW, Aikawa E, Alcaraz MJ, Anderson JD, Andriantsitohaina R, et al. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines. J Extracell Vesicles. 2018;7:1535750.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1096_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12404","volume":"13","author":"JA Welsh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O\u2019Driscoll L, Buzas EI, Blenkiron C, Bussolati B, et al. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): from basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024;13: e12404.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1096_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0250-9","volume":"21","author":"M Mathieu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mathieu M, Martin-Jaular L, Lavieu G, Th\u00e9ry C. Specificities of secretion and uptake of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles for cell-to-cell communication. Nat Cell Biol. 2019;21:9\u201317.","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12128","volume":"27","author":"JM Herring","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herring JM, McMichael MA, Smith SA. Microparticles in health and disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2013;27:1020\u201333.","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"1096_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01358-0","volume":"20","author":"Y Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu Y, Sun Y, Wan C, Dai X, Wu S, Lo PC, et al. Microparticles: biogenesis, characteristics and intervention therapy for cancers in preclinical and clinical research. J Nanobiotechnol. 2022;20:189.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"1096_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.054","volume":"182","author":"F Cocozza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cocozza F, Grisard E, Martin-Jaular L, Mathieu M. Th\u00e9ry C. SnapShot: extracellular vesicles. Cell. 2020;182:262.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1096_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","volume":"19","author":"G van Niel","year":"2018","unstructured":"van Niel G, D\u2019Angelo G, Raposo G. Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19:213\u201328.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00045.2018","volume":"34","author":"PD Stahl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stahl PD, Raposo G. Extracellular vesicles: exosomes and microvesicles, integrators of homeostasis. Physiology. 2019;34:169\u201377.","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"1096_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0177-4","volume":"21","author":"M Vietri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vietri M, Radulovic M, Stenmark H. The many functions of ESCRTs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020;21:25\u201342.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2017.08.022","volume":"74","author":"T Juan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Juan T, F\u00fcrthauer M. Biogenesis and function of ESCRT-dependent extracellular vesicles. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018;74:66\u201377.","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2019.04.005","volume":"59","author":"AT Gatta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gatta AT, Carlton JG. The ESCRT-machinery: closing holes and expanding roles. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2019;59:121\u201332.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-022-00405-2","volume":"55","author":"Y Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin Y, Ma L, Zhang W, Yang W, Feng Q, Wang H. Extracellular signals regulate the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles. Biol Res. 2022;55:35.","journal-title":"Biol Res"},{"key":"1096_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.53671","volume":"17","author":"H Wei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wei H, Chen Q, Lin L, Sha C, Li T, Liu Y, et al. Regulation of exosome production and cargo sorting. Int J Biol Sci. 2021;17:163\u201377.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"1096_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2014.05.004","volume":"29","author":"J Kowal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kowal J, Tkach M, Th\u00e9ry C. Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2014;29:116\u201325.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"1096_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00063-15","volume":"80","author":"HM van Dongen","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Dongen HM, Masoumi N, Witwer KW, Pegtel DM. Extracellular vesicles exploit viral entry routes for cargo delivery. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2016;80:369\u201386.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"1096_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.014","volume":"44","author":"RP McNamara","year":"2020","unstructured":"McNamara RP, Dittmer DP. Extracellular vesicles in virus infection and pathogenesis. Curr Opin Virol. 2020;44:129\u201338.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"key":"1096_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1831413100","volume":"100","author":"SJ Gould","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gould SJ, Booth AM, Hildreth JE. The Trojan exosome hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100:10592\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1096_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.3390\/v7062770","volume":"7","author":"HS Chahar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chahar HS, Bao X, Casola A. Exosomes and their role in the life cycle and pathogenesis of RNA viruses. Viruses. 2015;7:3204\u201325.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605146113","volume":"113","author":"E Nolte-\u2018t Hoen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nolte-\u2018t Hoen E, Cremer T, Gallo RC, Margolis LB. Extracellular vesicles and viruses: are they close relatives? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:9155\u201361.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1096_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.593170","volume":"10","author":"ST Martins","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martins ST, Alves LR. Extracellular vesicles in viral infections: two sides of the same coin? Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10: 593170.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080887","volume":"12","author":"A Kumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar A, Kodidela S, Tadrous E, Cory TJ, Walker CM, Smith AM, et al. Extracellular vesicles in viral replication and pathogenesis and their potential role in therapeutic intervention. Viruses. 2020;12:887.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3390\/v12070700","volume":"12","author":"NA Kutchy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kutchy NA, Peeples ES, Sil S, Liao K, Chivero ET, Hu G, et al. Extracellular vesicles in viral infections of the nervous system. Viruses. 2020;12:700.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30109","volume":"236","author":"M Patil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patil M, Singh S, Henderson J, Krishnamurthy P. Mechanisms of COVID-19-induced cardiovascular disease: is sepsis or exosome the missing link? J Cell Physiol. 2021;236:3366\u201382.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1096_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.60","volume":"15","author":"N Raab-Traub","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raab-Traub N, Dittmer D. Viral effects on the content and function of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2017;15:559\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17990","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17990","volume":"5","author":"AY Hsu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hsu AY, Wu SR, Tsai JJ, Chen PL, Chen YP, Chen TY, et al. Infectious dengue vesicles derived from CD61+ cells in acute patient plasma exhibited a diaphanous appearance. Sci Rep. 2015;5:17990.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1096_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1006","volume":"2","author":"SC Weaver","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weaver SC, Barrett AD. Transmission cycles, host range, evolution, and emergence of arboviral disease. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004;2:789\u2013801.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60572-9","volume":"385","author":"MG Guzman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guzman MG, Harris E. Dengue. Lancet. 2015;385:453\u201365.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1096_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773215Y.0000000003","volume":"109","author":"O Horstick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Horstick O, Martinez E, Guzman MG, Martin JL, Ranzinger SR. WHO dengue case classification 2009 and its usefulness in practice: an expert consensus in the Americas. Pathog Glob Health. 2015;109:19\u201325.","journal-title":"Pathog Glob Health"},{"key":"1096_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1145-1","volume":"23","author":"A Mairuhu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mairuhu A, Wagenaar J, Brandjes D, van Gorp E. Dengue: an arthropod-borne disease of global importance. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;23:425\u201333.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1096_CR61","volume-title":"Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control, new edition","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2009","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control, new edition. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data; 2009."},{"key":"1096_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0590-7","volume":"7","author":"J Pozo-Aguilar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pozo-Aguilar J, Monroy-Mart\u00ednez V, D\u00edaz D, Barrios-Palacios J, Ramos C, Ulloa-Garc\u00eda A, et al. Evaluation of host and viral factors associated with severe dengue based on the 2009 WHO classification. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:590.","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"1096_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080829","volume":"12","author":"H Harapan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harapan H, Michie A, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Dengue: a minireview. Viruses. 2020;12:829.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1110265","volume":"366","author":"CP Simmons","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Nguyen VV, Wills B. Dengue. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1423\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1096_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001397","volume":"5","author":"F Narvaez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Narvaez F, Gutierrez G, P\u00e9rez MA, Elizondo D, Nu\u00f1ez A, Balmaseda A, et al. Evaluation of the traditional and revised WHO classifications of dengue disease severity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5: e1397.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"1096_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6604","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1720125115","volume":"115","author":"A Vora","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vora A, Zhou W, Londono-Renteria B, Woodson M, Sherman MB, Colpitts TM, et al. Arthropod EVs mediate dengue virus transmission through interaction with a tetraspanin domain containing glycoprotein Tsp29Fb. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115:E6604\u201313.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1096_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.03.015","volume":"266","author":"JM Reyes-Ruiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reyes-Ruiz JM, Osuna-Ramos JF, De Jes\u00fas-Gonz\u00e1lez LA, Hurtado-Monz\u00f3n A, Farfan-Morales CN, Cervantes-Salazar M, et al. Isolation and characterization of exosomes released from mosquito cells infected with dengue virus. Virus Res. 2019;266:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"1096_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/504187","volume":"2015","author":"J Cime-Castillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cime-Castillo J, Delannoy P, Mendoza-Hern\u00e1ndez G, Monroy-Mart\u00ednez V, Harduin-Lepers A, Lanz-Mendoza H, et al. Sialic acid expression in the mosquito Aedes aegypti and its possible role in dengue virus-vector interactions. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015: 504187.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"1096_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6609","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186609","volume":"21","author":"AS Gold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gold AS, Feitosa-Suntheimer F, Araujo RV, Hekman RM, Asad S, Londono-Renteria B, et al. Dengue virus infection of Aedes aegypti alters extracellular vesicle protein cargo to enhance virus transmission. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:6609.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1096_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011224","volume":"19","author":"SC Yeh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yeh SC, Strilets T, Tan WL, Castillo D, Medkour H, Rey-Cadilhac F, et al. The anti-immune dengue subgenomic flaviviral RNA is present in vesicles in mosquito saliva and is associated with increased infectivity. PLoS Pathog. 2023;19: e1011224.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1096_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.561366","volume":"10","author":"A Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh A, Bisht P, Bhattacharya S, Guchhait P. Role of platelet cytokines in dengue virus infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10: 561366.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-8932.114760","volume":"3","author":"LA Hargett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hargett LA, Bauer NN. On the origin of microparticles: from \u201cplatelet dust\u201d to mediators of intercellular communication. Pulm Circ. 2013;3:329\u201340.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"1096_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2017.1282781","volume":"28","author":"E van der Pol","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Pol E, Harrison P. From platelet dust to gold dust: physiological importance and detection of platelet microvesicles. Platelets. 2017;28:211\u20133.","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"key":"1096_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3405","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-504449","volume":"122","author":"ED Hottz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hottz ED, Lopes JF, Freitas C, Valls-de-Souza R, Oliveira MF, Bozza MT, et al. Platelets mediate increased endothelium permeability in dengue through NLRP3-inflammasome activation. Blood. 2013;122:3405\u201314.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1096_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02207-14","volume":"89","author":"N Punyadee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Punyadee N, Mairiang D, Thiemmeca S, Komoltri C, Pan-Ngum W, Chomanee N, et al. Microparticles provide a novel biomarker to predict severe clinical outcomes of dengue virus infection. J Virol. 2015;89:1587\u2013607.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"1096_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.01.017","volume":"181","author":"R Patil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patil R, Bajpai S, Ghosh K, Shetty S. Microparticles as prognostic biomarkers in dengue virus infection. Acta Trop. 2018;181:21\u20134.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1096_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01823-23","volume":"14","author":"S Kumari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumari S, Bandyopadhyay B, Singh A, Aggarwal S, Yadav AK, Vikram NK, et al. Extracellular vesicles recovered from plasma of severe dengue patients induce CD4+ T cell suppression through PD-L1\/PD-1 interaction. MBio. 2023;14: e0182323.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"1096_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10360-4","volume":"10","author":"PS Sung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sung PS, Huang TF, Hsieh SL. Extracellular vesicles from CLEC2-activated platelets enhance dengue virus-induced lethality via CLEC5A\/TLR2. Nat Commun. 2019;10:2402.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1096_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2019.11.010","volume":"41","author":"C Schulz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schulz C, Gabriel G, von K\u00f6ckritz-Blickwede M. Detrimental role of neutrophil extracellular traps during dengue virus infection. Trends Immunol. 2020;41:3\u20136.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285162","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1285162","volume":"14","author":"S Vedpathak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vedpathak S, Sharma A, Palkar S, Bhatt VR, Patil VC, Kakrani AL, et al. Platelet derived exosomes disrupt endothelial cell monolayer integrity and enhance vascular inflammation in dengue patients. Front Immunol. 2024;14:1285162.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-018-0525-7","volume":"67","author":"JA Castillo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Castillo JA, Naranjo JS, Rojas M, Casta\u00f1o D, Velilla PA. Role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of dengue. Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 2019;67:27\u201340.","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp"},{"key":"1096_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13011","volume":"156","author":"JS Naranjo-G\u00f3mez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naranjo-G\u00f3mez JS, Castillo JA, Rojas M, Restrepo BN, Diaz FJ, Velilla PA, et al. Different phenotypes of non-classical monocytes associated with systemic inflammation, endothelial alteration, and hepatic compromise in patients with dengue. Immunology. 2019;156:147\u201363.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"1096_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01792","volume":"9","author":"ST Martins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martins ST, Kuczera D, L\u00f6tvall J, Bordignon J, Alves LR. Characterization of dendritic cell-derived extracellular vesicles during dengue virus infection. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1792.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227030","volume":"15","author":"ML Velandia-Romero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velandia-Romero ML, Calder\u00f3n-Pel\u00e1ez MA, Balb\u00e1s-Tepedino A, M\u00e1rquez-Ortiz RA, Madro\u00f1ero LJ, Barreto Prieto A, et al. Extracellular vesicles of U937 macrophage cell line infected with DENV-2 induce activation in endothelial cells EA.hy926. PLoS ONE. 2020;15: e0227030.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1096_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1160\/TH07-08-0483","volume":"99","author":"A Huerta-Zepeda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huerta-Zepeda A, Cabello-Guti\u00e9rrez C, Cime-Castillo J, Monroy-Mart\u00ednez V, Manjarrez-Zavala ME, Guti\u00e9rrez-Rodr\u00edguez M, et al. Crosstalk between coagulation and inflammation during dengue virus infection. Thromb Haemost. 2008;99:936\u201343.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"1096_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70150-9","volume":"12","author":"FJ Carod-Artal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carod-Artal FJ, Wichmann O, Farrar J, Gasc\u00f3n J. Neurological complications of dengue virus infection. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:906\u201319.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1096_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00449","volume":"7","author":"GH Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li GH, Ning ZJ, Liu YM, Li XH. Neurological manifestations of dengue infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017;7:449.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-022-01213-7","volume":"22","author":"S Trivedi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trivedi S, Chakravarty A. Neurological complications of dengue fever. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2022;22:515\u201329.","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"1096_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000411","volume":"205","author":"R Mishra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mishra R, Lahon A, Banerjea AC. Dengue virus degrades USP33-ATF3 axis via extracellular vesicles to activate human microglial cells. J Immunol. 2020;205:1787\u201398.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.3390\/v15020364","volume":"15","author":"DE Safadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Safadi DE, Lebeau G, Lagrave A, M\u00e9lade J, Grondin L, Rosanaly S, et al. Extracellular vesicles are conveyors of the NS1 toxin during dengue virus and Zika virus infection. Viruses. 2023;15:364.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3390\/life11010045","volume":"11","author":"L Purvinsh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Purvinsh L, Gorshkov A, Brodskaia A, Vasin A. Extracellular vesicles in viral pathogenesis: a case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Life. 2021;11:45.","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"1096_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12339","volume":"17","author":"X Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu X, He Z, Yuan J, Wen W, Huang X, Hu Y, et al. IFITM3-containing exosome as a novel mediator for anti-viral response in dengue virus infection. Cell Microbiol. 2015;17:105\u201318.","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2020.01.015","volume":"543","author":"P Pielnaa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pielnaa P, Al-Saadawe M, Saro A, Dama MF, Zhou M, Huang Y, et al. Zika virus-spread, epidemiology, genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestation, associated challenges, vaccine and antiviral drug development. Virology. 2020;543:34\u201342.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"1096_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2019.04.005","volume":"21","author":"P Ferraris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ferraris P, Yssel H, Miss\u00e9 D. Zika virus infection: an update. Microbes Infect. 2019;21:353\u201360.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"1096_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.201700398","volume":"58","author":"F Javed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Javed F, Manzoor KN, Ali M, Haq IU, Khan A, Zaib A, et al. Zika virus: what we need to know? J Basic Microbiol. 2018;58:3\u201316.","journal-title":"J Basic Microbiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"1096_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1808246","volume":"381","author":"D Musso","year":"2019","unstructured":"Musso D, Ko AI, Baud D. Zika virus infection\u2014after the pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(15):1444\u201357.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1096_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1466702","volume":"16","author":"FJ Carod-Artal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carod-Artal FJ. Neurological complications of Zika virus infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2018;16(5):399\u2013410.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"1096_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009575","volume":"15","author":"IS Filgueiras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Filgueiras IS, Torrentes de Carvalho A, Cunha DP, Mathias da Fonseca DL, El Khawanky N, Freire PP, et al. The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(8): e0009575.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1096_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.3982","volume":"171","author":"CA Moore","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moore CA, Staples JE, Dobyns WB, Pessoa A, Ventura CV, Fonseca EB, et al. Characterizing the pattern of anomalies in congenital Zika syndrome for pediatric clinicians. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(3):288\u201395.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1096_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9010123","volume":"9","author":"PP Mart\u00ednez-Rojas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Rojas PP, Quiroz-Garc\u00eda E, Monroy-Mart\u00ednez V, Agredano-Moreno LT, Jim\u00e9nez-Garc\u00eda LF, Ruiz-Ordaz BH. Participation of extracellular vesicles from Zika-virus-infected mosquito cells in the modification of na\u00efve cells\u2019 behavior by mediating cell-to-cell transmission of viral elements. Cells. 2020;9(1):123.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1096_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2022112096","volume":"42","author":"F Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, et al. Extracellular vesicles from Zika virus-infected cells display viral E protein that binds ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies to prevent infection enhancement. EMBO J. 2023;42: e112096.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"1096_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13020144","volume":"13","author":"PP Mart\u00ednez-Rojas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Rojas PP, Monroy-Mart\u00ednez V, Agredano-Moreno LT, Jim\u00e9nez-Garc\u00eda LF, Ruiz-Ordaz BH. Zika virus-infected monocyte exosomes mediate cell-to-cell viral transmission. Cells. 2024;13:144.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1096_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.3390\/v13122363","volume":"13","author":"A Fikatas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fikatas A, Dehairs J, Noppen S, Doijen J, Vanderhoydonc F, Meyen E, et al. Deciphering the role of extracellular vesicles derived from ZIKV-infected hcMEC\/D3 cells on the blood\u2013brain barrier system. Viruses. 2021;13:2363.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-018-0017-2","volume":"4","author":"Y Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Zhao R, Jing R, Xu Y, et al. Zika virus propagation and release in human fetal astrocytes can be suppressed by neutral sphingomyelinase-2 inhibitor GW4869. Cell Discov. 2018;4:19.","journal-title":"Cell Discov"},{"key":"1096_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1578188","volume":"8","author":"W Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou W, Woodson M, Sherman MB, Neelakanta G, Sultana H. Exosomes mediate Zika virus transmission through SMPD3 neutral Sphingomyelinase in cortical neurons. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019;8:307\u201326.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"1096_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00192-21","volume":"6","author":"SB York","year":"2021","unstructured":"York SB, Sun L, Cone AS, Duke LC, Cheerathodi MR, Meckes DG Jr. Zika virus hijacks extracellular vesicle tetraspanin pathways for cell-to-cell transmission. mSphere. 2021;6: e0019221.","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"1096_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.03.008","volume":"19","author":"A Bayer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bayer A, Lennemann NJ, Ouyang Y, Bramley JC, Morosky S, Marques ET Jr, et al. Type iii interferons produced by human placental trophoblasts confer protection against Zika virus infection. Cell Host Microbe. 2016;19:705\u201312.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"1096_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7348","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11275-9","volume":"12","author":"LN Block","year":"2022","unstructured":"Block LN, Schmidt JK, Keuler NS, McKeon MC, Bowman BD, Wiepz GJ, et al. Zika virus impacts extracellular vesicle composition and cellular gene expression in macaque early gestation trophoblasts. Sci Rep. 2022;12:7348.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1096_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203645","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1203645","volume":"14","author":"JK Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee JK, Shin OS. Zika virus modulates mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondria-derived vesicles to facilitate viral replication in trophoblast cells. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1203645.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1096_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118564","volume":"263","author":"S Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li S, Zhu A, Ren K, Li S, Chen L. DEFA1B inhibits ZIKV replication and retards cell cycle progression through interaction with ORC1. Life Sci. 2020;263: 118564.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1096_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.02.006","volume":"106","author":"P Vader","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vader P, Mol E, Pasterkamp G, Schiffelers RM. Extracellular vesicles for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016;106:148\u201356.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"1096_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2021109902","volume":"41","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Dai Y, Wang J, Xu Y, Li Z, Lu J, et al. Mouse circulating extracellular vesicles contain virus-derived siRNAs active in antiviral immunity. EMBO J. 2022;41: e109902.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"1096_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2021.10.009","volume":"30","author":"R Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang R, Fu Y, Cheng M, Ma W, Zheng N, Wang Y, et al. sEVsRVG selectively delivers antiviral siRNA to fetus brain, inhibits ZIKV infection and mitigates ZIKV-induced microcephaly in mouse model. Mol Ther. 2022;30:2078\u201391.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"1096_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112463","volume":"9","author":"D Limonta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Limonta D, Hobman TC. Zika virus and host interactions: from the bench to the bedside and beyond. Cells. 2020;9:2463.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1096_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.03.032","volume":"35","author":"ADT Barrett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barrett ADT. Yellow fever live attenuated vaccine: a very successful live attenuated vaccine but still we have problems controlling the disease. Vaccine. 2017;35:5951\u20135.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1096_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10889","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29235-7","volume":"8","author":"L Sinigaglia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sinigaglia L, Gracias S, D\u00e9cembre E, Fritz M, Bruni D, Smith N, et al. Immature particles and capsid-free viral RNA produced by yellow fever virus-infected cells stimulate plasmacytoid dendritic cells to secrete interferons. Sci Rep. 2018;8:10889.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1096_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.10.010","volume":"13","author":"LN Carpp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carpp LN, Galler R, Bonaldo MC. Interaction between the yellow fever virus nonstructural protein NS3 and the host protein Alix contributes to the release of infectious particles. Microbes Infect. 2011;13:85\u201395.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"1096_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2018.30","volume":"14","author":"L Turtle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Turtle L, Solomon T. Japanese encephalitis\u2014the prospects for new treatments. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14:298\u2013313.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1096_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-07-22-6484","volume":"52","author":"CGA Pendrey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pendrey CGA, Martin GE. Japanese encephalitis clinical update: changing diseases under a changing climate. Aust J Gen Pract. 2023;52:275\u201380.","journal-title":"Aust J Gen Pract"},{"key":"1096_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-022-00355-2","volume":"74","author":"S Joe","year":"2022","unstructured":"Joe S, Salam AAA, Neogi U, Naren Babu N, Mudgal PP. Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review. Pharmacol Rep. 2022;74:273\u201396.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"1096_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423394","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1423394","volume":"14","author":"L Oberholster","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oberholster L, Du Pasquier R, Mathias A. Exploring the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in viral infections: from pathological insights to biomarker potential. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024;14:1423394.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"1096_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01320956","volume":"96","author":"T Hase","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hase T, Summers PL, Eckels KH, Baze WB. Maturation process of Japanese encephalitis virus in cultured mosquito cells in vitro and mouse brain cells in vivo. Arch Virol. 1987;96:135\u201351.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"1096_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(80)90050-7","volume":"72","author":"K Leary","year":"1980","unstructured":"Leary K, Blair CD. Sequential events in the morphogenesis of Japanese encephalitis virus. J Ultrastruct Res. 1980;72:123\u20139.","journal-title":"J Ultrastruct Res"},{"key":"1096_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.48469","volume":"8","author":"AM Ngo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ngo AM, Shurtleff MJ, Popova KD, Kulsuptrakul J, Weissman JS, Puschnik AS. The ER membrane protein complex is required to ensure correct topology and stable expression of flavivirus polyproteins. Elife. 2019;8: e48469.","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"1096_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(89)90161-X","volume":"169","author":"PW Mason","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mason PW. Maturation of Japanese encephalitis virus glycoproteins produced by infected mammalian and mosquito cells. Virology. 1989;169:354\u201364.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"1096_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080882","volume":"12","author":"S Riccetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riccetti S, Sinigaglia A, Desole G, Nowotny N, Trevisan M, Barzon L. Modelling West Nile virus and Usutu virus pathogenicity in human neural stem cells. Viruses. 2020;12:882.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"1096_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2018.08.007","volume":"107","author":"L Barzon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barzon L. Ongoing and emerging arbovirus threats in Europe. J Clin Virol. 2018;107:38\u201347.","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"1096_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006764","volume":"14","author":"W Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou W, Woodson M, Neupane B, Bai F, Sherman MB, Choi KH, et al. Exosomes serve as novel modes of tick-borne flavivirus transmission from arthropod to human cells and facilitates dissemination of viral RNA and proteins to the vertebrate neuronal cells. PLoS Pathog. 2018;14: e1006764.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"1096_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5835-6","volume":"20","author":"A Slonchak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Slonchak A, Clarke B, Mackenzie J, Amarilla AA, Setoh YX, Khromykh AA. West Nile virus infection and interferon alpha treatment alter the spectrum and the levels of coding and noncoding host RNAs secreted in extracellular vesicles. BMC Genomics. 2019;20:474.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T01:01:52Z","timestamp":1735952512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jbiomedsci.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"references-count":129,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12929-024-01096-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1423-0127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1423-0127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"4"}}