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The aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of nailfold video-capillaroscopic (NVC) structural changes in patients with precapillary PH and to identify possible associations of NVC measurements with markers of disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\u0391 prospective case\u2013control study was performed in 28 consecutive patients with precapillary PH [14 with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and 14 with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)] and 30 healthy controls. NVC quantitative and qualitative parameters were evaluated using Optilia Digital Capillaroscope. To ensure inter-observer repeatability capillaroscopic images were reviewed by two independent investigators. For multiple comparisons among continuous variables, one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test were used. Differences between the groups were tested with post-hoc analysis with adjustment for multiple comparisons (Bonferroni test).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both IPAH (71.4% were women, mean age 53.1\u2009\u00b1\u200913.4\u00a0years) and CTEPH (64.3% women, mean age 60.9\u2009\u00b1\u200914.4\u00a0years) groups presented reduced capillary density compared to healthy controls (8.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 loops\/mm and 8.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 loops\/mm vs. 9.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.81 loops\/mm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increased loop width (15.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.9\u00a0\u03bcm and 15.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9\u00a0\u03bcm vs. 11.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u00a0\u03bcm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). More than half of patients with IPAH presented microhaemorrhages on capillary nailfold, while increased shape abnormalities in capillary morphology and more capillary thrombi per linear mm were detected in patients with CTEPH compared to patients with IPAH and healthy controls. All PH patients presented a non-specific NVC pattern compared to controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings of the study reveal a degree of significant peripheral microvascular alterations in patients with IPAH and CTEPH, suggesting a generalized impairment of peripheral microvasculature in pulmonary vascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01622-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T08:03:06Z","timestamp":1611216186000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Peripheral microangiopathy\u00a0in precapillary pulmonary hypertension: a nailfold video capillaroscopy prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Arvanitaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Giannakoulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Triantafyllidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Feloukidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afroditi K.","family":"Boutou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Garyfallos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haralambos","family":"Karvounis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodoros","family":"Dimitroulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1622_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801913","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01913-2018","volume":"53","author":"G Simonneau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simonneau G, Montani D, Celermajer DS, Denton CP, Gatzoulis MA, Krowka M, et al. 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