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To avoid desaturation episodes during the procedure several oxygenation strategies have been proposed, including conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV). By a review of the current literature, we merely describe the clinical practice of oxygen therapies during FOB. We also conducted a pooled data analysis with respect to oxygenation outcomes, comparing HFNC with COT and NIV, separately. COT showed its benefits in patients undergoing FOB for broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) or brushing for cytology, in those with peripheral arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation\u2009&lt;\u200993% prior to the procedure or affected by obstructive disorder. HFNC is preferable over COT in patients with mild to moderate acute respiratory failure (ARF) undergoing FOB, by improving oxygen saturation and decreasing the episodes of desaturation. On the opposite, CPAP and NIV guarantee improved oxygenation outcomes as compared to HFNC, and they should be preferred in patients with more severe hypoxemic ARF during FOB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01846-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T09:02:58Z","timestamp":1632560578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Oxygenation strategies during flexible bronchoscopy: a review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Corrado","family":"Pelaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bruni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Garofalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Rovida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Arrighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmaria","family":"Cammarota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Navalesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girolamo","family":"Pelaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6970-7202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Longhini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1846_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.3.724","volume":"110","author":"M Antonelli","year":"1996","unstructured":"Antonelli M, Conti G, Riccioni L, Meduri GU. 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He also received honoraria\/speaking fees from Philips, Resmed, MSD and Novartis. Dr. Navalesi contributed to the development of the helmet Next, whose license for patent belongs to Intersurgical S.P.A. and receives royalties for that invention. Dr. Longhini and Dr. Navalesi contributed to the development of a new device (not discussed in the present study), whose patent is in progress (European Patent application number EP20170199831). The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"253"}}